No abstract available.
Neuroimaging

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a recently discovered disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome COV2 virus (SARS COV-2) that led to a global pandemic. COVID-19, with its rapid spread, proved to be a global threat to health. Although it is known to mainly cause respiratory symptoms, neurologic sequelae have also been reported in a growing number of patients. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to provide additional evidence regarding neuro-radiographic findings among Filipino patients inflicted with COVID-19. METHODOLOGY: This paper is an analytical, retrospective study of COVID-19 confirmed patients who presented with neurologic manifestation and underwent cranial CT scans between April 2020 and April 2021 at Baguio General Hospital and Medical Center. RESULTS: A total of 22 patients were included in the study. Of these, 11 had acute infarcts, 5 had cerebral hemorrhage, 1 had cerebral venous thrombosis, and 5 had normal imaging findings. Fisher's test was done and revealed a significant difference between COVID-19 severity and abnormal CT scan findings. CONCLUSION Although relatively uncommon, the study showed that there is an increased incidence of abnormal neuroimaging findings among patients with COVID-19. The most common of which is cerebral infarction followed by macrohemorrhages. The severity of the disease is correlated with the increased incidence of abnormal neuroimaging findings among COVID-19 patients.
Neuroimaging

With the structural and functional neuroimaging studies on alcohol use disorders, the neurobiology of alcohol use disorder can now be directly measured in vivo. This article reviews the findings of structural and functional neuroimaging studies related to alcohol use disorder. Issues about intoxication, dependence, withdrawal, abstinence, organic change induced by chronic alcohol use, neurochemistry and craving are discussed and its clinical implications and future direction of neuroimaging studies are also suggested.
Functional Neuroimaging ; Neurobiology ; Neurochemistry ; Neuroimaging*

No abstract available.
Brain Injuries ; Neuroimaging

The pathophysiology of schizophrenia may be influenced by interaction of genetic, neurodevelopmental, environmental and/or psychological factors, which make it difficult to elucidate the etiology of the disorders through clinical phenomenology. Therefore, it needs to find out endophenotypes specific to schizophrenia before onset of clinical expressions. Recently, many researchers have been concerned about subjects at high risk for schizophrenia genetically or clinically using neuroimaging techniques. In this review, we summarized neuroimaging findings performed on subjects at high risk for schizophrenia. In genetic high risk subjects, fronto-temporal abnormalities were observed, while clinical high risk subjects showed frontal abnormalities, suggestive of susceptibility markers to schizophrenia.
Endophenotypes ; Neuroimaging ; Schizophrenia

PURPOSE: B1 field of birdcage RF (radiofrequency) coil that is used most for brain imaging in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) decreases toward endring from the coil center. We investigated how much RF B1 homogeneity effect the endcap shield brings form the coil center as it towards to endcap region. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We compared RF B1 field distribution by each finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations for lowpass, highpass and hybrid birdcage RF coils. We selected the highpass birdcage RF coil that was the highest RF B1 field condition as simulation result, and studied how much RF B1 homogeneity effect was occurred when endcap shield was applied to endring area. RESULTS: B1 field of the highpass birdcage RF coil was higher than other birdcage RF coil types as simulation result. However, the RF B1 homogeneity was lower than other coil types. RF B1 field of highpass birdcage RF coil with endcap shield is similar with RF B1 field of hybrid birdcage RF coil and the overall RF B1 homogeneity in sagittal direction was better. CONCLUSION: In this paper, proposed method can apply improving RF B1 homogeneity of RF coil in clinical examination.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Neuroimaging

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Moyamoya Disease* ; Neuroimaging*

No abstract available.
Functional Neuroimaging ; Neurotology

Recent advances in brain imaging research are remarkable. Among them, many results from a variety of neuroimaging modalities in Alzheimer's dementia accompanied by the development and growing of imaging techniques have been presented in the research field. In this review we are focused on the imaging biomarkers for the Alzheimer's dementia to investigate the pathophysiologic mechanism. Future research on biomarkers for Alzheimer's dementia will provide more diverse and complex mechanisms or hypotheses than have been proposed in the current hypothesis about the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's dementia.
Biomarkers ; Dementia ; Neuroimaging

No abstract available.
Epilepsy* ; Functional Neuroimaging*