1.Clinical Course and Outcomes of 3,060 Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea, January–May 2020
Ho Kyung SUNG ; Jin Yong KIM ; Jeonghun HEO ; Haesook SEO ; Young soo JANG ; Hyewon KIM ; Bo Ram KOH ; Neungsun JO ; Hong Sang OH ; Young Mi BAEK ; Kyung-Hwa PARK ; Jeung A SHON ; Min-Chul KIM ; Joon Ho KIM ; Hyun-Ha CHANG ; Yukyung PARK ; Yu Min KANG ; Dong Hyun LEE ; Dong Hyun OH ; Hyun Jung PARK ; Kyoung-Ho SONG ; Eun Kyoung LEE ; Hyeongseok JEONG ; Ji Yeon LEE ; Ja-Young KO ; Jihee CHOI ; Eun Hwa RYU ; Ki-hyun CHUNG ; Myoung-don OH ;
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2020;35(30):e280-
Background:
The fatality rate of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) varies among countries owing to demographics, patient comorbidities, surge capacity of healthcare systems, and the quality of medical care. We assessed the clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 during the first wave of the epidemic in Korea.
Methods:
Using a modified World Health Organization clinical record form, we obtained clinical data for 3,060 patients with COVID-19 treated at 55 hospitals in Korea. Disease severity scores were defined as: 1) no limitation of daily activities; 2) limitation of daily activities but no need for supplemental oxygen; 3) supplemental oxygen via nasal cannula; 4) supplemental oxygen via facial mask; 5) non-invasive mechanical ventilation; 6) invasive mechanical ventilation; 7) multi-organ failure or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy; and 8) death. Recovery was defined as a severity score of 1 or 2, or discharge and release from isolation.
Results:
The median age of the patients was 43 years of age; 43.6% were male. The median time from illness onset to admission was 5 days. Of the patients with a disease severity score of 3–4 on admission, 65 (71.5%) of the 91 patients recovered, and 7 (7.7%) died due to illness by day 28. Of the patients with disease severity scores of 5–7, 7 (19.5%) of the 36 patients recovered, and 8 (22.2%) died due to illness by day 28. None of the 1,324 patients who were < 50 years of age died; in contrast, the fatality rate due to illness by day 28 was 0.5% (2/375), 0.9% (2/215), 5.8% (6/104), and 14.0% (7/50) for the patients aged 50–59, 60–69, 70–79, and ≥ 80 years of age, respectively.
Conclusion
In Korea, almost all patients of < 50 years of age with COVID-19 recovered without supplemental oxygen. In patients of ≥ 50 years of age, the fatality rate increased with age, reaching 14% in patients of ≥ 80 years of age.
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