Background: Primary nephrotic syndrome in adult patients is a common sign of patients with primary glomerular disease. Objective: To evaluate the responsiveness of adult patients with primary nephrotic syndrome to corticosteroid alone or in combination with cyclophosphamid and the treatment - related complications. Subjects and method: Based on pathological findings 91 patients with primary nephrotic syndrome divided into 2 groups: group 1 (75 patients) were assigned to receive corticosteroid alone at 1 mg/kg/day, group 2 (16 patients) were assigned to receive the corticosteroid at 0.5 mg/kg/day and cyclophosphamid at 2 mg/kg/day. 11 non - responders from group 1 were switched to group 2 after 6 months of treatment by \r\n', u'corticosteroid alone. The response to therapy was assessed after 3 months and 6 months of treatment. Results:In group 1 the number of patients responding to corticosteroid alone was increasing from 38 after 3 months to 50 after 6 months. In group 2 the number of patients responding to combined protocol was increasing from 4 (14.8%) to 12 (44.4%). The most frequently seen corticosteroid - related complication was cushingoid which is reversible after reducing dose or stop treatment. Severe complications were not common. For the whole group taking cyclophosphamid leucocytopenia, was seen in 4/27 (14.8%) patients, in subgroup of women hypo - amenorrhea was observed in 3/15 (20%) of cases. Conclusions: Results of study encourage the prolongation of treatment. Sterility and if possible preventive measures should be taken into consideration when cyclophosphamid is selected for young patients in reproductive age.\r\n', u'
Nephrotic Syndrome/ therapy

Dyslipidemia is very common in nephrotic syndrome, but in clinical practice this problem is not much interested in, although hyperlipidemia can make dangerous complications for the patients. This study examined the variety of dyslipidemia after steroid treatment in patients with nephrotic syndrome but without renal failure. We studied on 40 patients with nephrotic syndrome at HuÕ Central Hospital and found that before treatment, total cholesterol and LDL concentrations are high. After two-week therapy, these concentrations decreased but insignificantly. After four-week therapy, total cholesterol and LDL concentrations decreased, HDL concentration increased. There was significant difference in comparison with the pre-treated concentrations (p<0.05).
Nephrotic Syndrome ; Dyslipidemias ; therapy

Collapsing Glomerulopathy (CG) is a rare entity presenting as nephrotic syndrome and rapidly progressive renal deterioration. It has been first identified among African-American patients and subsequently dubbed HIV-associated nephropathy after a number of patients with HIV were found to have CG. It has re-emerged recently among patients with COVID-19. To our knowledge, this is the first case of primary collapsing glomerulopathy in the country to be published. The case is a 36-year-old Filipino female admitted due to bipedal edema which started 2 weeks post-partum. She has no comorbidities and social history was negative for illicit drug use. Initial work up showed hypoalbuminemia and diffuse hepatic disease on ultrasound. She was referred to a gastroenterologist where albumin infusion and paracentesis was done but with no improvement. She developed anasarca and was admitted. Paracentesis obtained minimal ascitic fluid. Serum ascites albumin gradient was low and baseline laboratories showed high creatinine, hypoalbuminemia, and albuminuria. 24-hour urine protein was 11 grams, ANA and anti-DsDNA were negative and c3 and c4 levels were normal. Hepatitis profile was negative for infection. Abdominal CT scan revealed multiple hypoenhancing lesions. Tumor markers CA-125, CA 19-9 and CA 15-3 were high. Breast ultrasound showed simple breast cyst. Gynecology consult was called where pap smear was negative for atypical cells. Surgery service recommended monitoring for the pancreatic and breast lesions. Kidney biopsy was delayed due to new onset bacterial pneumonia. COVID-19 RT-PCR test was negative. Patient was discharged improved with no edema. On follow up, the kidney biopsy result came out to be collapsing glomerulopathy. HIV test was then done and was negative. Bipedal edema and albuminuria recurred. She was started on tacrolimus. She has been on regular follow up and currently has no edema, no proteinuria and normal creatinine level. This is an interesting case as the primary glomerular disease has been masked by the earlier laboratory findings which led us to think of liver disease then a paraneoplastic nephrotic syndrome. Ultimately, the renal biopsy revealed the diagnosis. This serves as an index case for primary collapsing glomerulopathy in a Filipino patient on remission after being treated with tacrolimus.
Nephrotic Syndrome ; Immunosuppression Therapy

Background: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is not uncommon in children. The disease affects children's physical development. Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome cause many complication in which effecting to physical development has been influenced much to their life, study and living activities of children. Objectives:This study aims to learn about the physical development and to find some factors impacting on physical development ofchildren with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Subjects and method: A prospective and descriptive study was conducted on 100 patients diagnosed with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome disease who have been followed up for from 1 year to 6 years in that duration since September 2006 to March 2007. Results:Height standard deviation score (SDS) was less than -2 SO in 15.0% patients. Six per cent of patients had weight SDS ofless than 250. Delayed puberty was seen in 21.6% patients. Some factors impacting on physical developmentwere duration of the disease, relapses, nephrtitis-nephrotic syndrome, prolonged corticoid treatment. Conclusion:Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome retarded physical development and puberty in children. It should be considered careful before indicate to use corticoid because using corticoid for a long period will effect to the height development of children.
Nephrotic Syndrome/ pathology ; therapy ; Idiopathic minimal change nephrotic syndrome ; Child

A study on the process of treatment of 40 patients with the nephritic syndrome, without the renal failure by prednisolone from 12/1996 to 5/1998 has shown that 100% patients had a high increased concentration of total cholesterol (CT) and low density lipoprotein (LDL); 90% patient had an increased concentration of triglyceride (TG) and 15% patient had an increased concentration of high density lipoprotein (HDL); 100% patients had an increased concentrations of proteinuria over 3.5 g/24 hours. After 2 weeks of treatment, the concentrations of CT, LDL, TG were reduced but were not significant different from these in baseline. The proteinuria was reduced to 40%; concentration of HDL was gradually increased. Their reductions were significant different from these before treatment but risks were high. 75% patients had negative proteinuria.
Nephrotic Syndrome ; Proteinuria ; Lipoprotein Lipase ; therapy ; Lipids

Humans ; Child ; Nephrotic Syndrome/drug therapy* ; Hormones

Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; congenital ; pathology ; therapy

Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; diagnosis ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo search for the best method for increasing clinical therapeutic effect on nephrotic syndrome.

METHODSForty-one cases were randomly divided into 2 groups. The treatment group (n=22) were treated with acupoint-injection of Chinese medicine combined with prednisone, and the control group (n=19) with prednisone. Their therapeutic results were observed and compared.

RESULTSThe complete remission rate of 45.5% and the total effective rate of 86.4% in the treatment group were significantly higher than 31.6% and 63.2% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups in the total effective rate (P < 0.05); in the treatment group, blood lipids decreased, plasma proteins raised and immunologic function improved.

CONCLUSIONAcupoint-injection of Chinese medicine combined with prednisone can significantly increase therapeutic effect on nephrotic syndrome and strengthen immunologic function.

Humans ; Nephrotic Syndrome/therapy* ; Gingival Hyperplasia/surgery* ; Gingivectomy