1.Flavonoids Modulate the Proliferation of Neospora caninum in Glial Cell Primary Cultures.
Rosan BARBOSA DE MATOS ; Suzana BRAGA-DE-SOUZA ; Bruno PENA SEARA PITANGA ; Victor Diogenes AMARAL DA SILVA ; Erica Etelvina VIANA DE JESUS ; Alexandre MORALES PINHEIRO ; Maria de Fatima DIAS COSTA ; Ramon DOS SANTOS EL-BACHA ; Catia Suse DE OLIVEIRA RIBEIRO ; Silvia LIMA COSTA
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2014;52(6):613-619
Neospora caninum (Apicomplexa; Sarcocystidae) is a protozoan that causes abortion in cattle, horses, sheep, and dogs as well as neurological and dermatological diseases in dogs. In the central nervous system of dogs infected with N. caninum, cysts were detected that exhibited gliosis and meningitis. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that exhibit antibacterial, antiparasitic, antifungal, and antiviral properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of flavonoids in a well-established in vitro model of N. caninum infection in glial cell cultures. Glial cells were treated individually with 10 different flavonoids, and a subset of cultures was also infected with the NC-1 strain of N. caninum. All of the flavonoids tested induced an increase in the metabolism of glial cells and many of them increased nitrite levels in cultures infected with NC-1 compared to controls and uninfected cultures. Among the flavonoids tested, 3',4'-dihydroxyflavone, 3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone (luteolin), and 3,3',4',5,6-pentahydroxyflavone (quercetin), also inhibited parasitophorous vacuole formation. Taken together, our findings show that flavonoids modulate glial cell responses, increase NO secretion, and interfere with N. caninum infection and proliferation.
Animals
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Cells, Cultured
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Flavonoids/*pharmacology
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Immunologic Factors/*pharmacology
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Neospora/*drug effects/*growth & development
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Neuroglia/*drug effects/*parasitology
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Rats, Wistar
2.GC/MS analysis of high-performance liquid chromatography fractions from Sophora flavescens and Torilis japonica extracts and their in vitro anti-neosporal effects on Neospora caninum.
Hun Su SEO ; Kyoung Hee KIM ; Dae Yong KIM ; Bong Kyun PARK ; Nam Shik SHIN ; Jae Hoon KIM ; Heejeong YOUN
Journal of Veterinary Science 2013;14(3):241-248
We analyzed alcoholic extracts of herbs possessing anti-neosporal activity against Neospora (N.) caninum. To identify the chemical components of Sophora (S.) flavescens and Torilis (T.) japonica associated with anti-neosporal activity, specific fractions were isolated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In vitro activity of the fractions against N. caninum was then assessed. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to identify and quantify specific anti-neosporal molecules in the herbal extracts. Almost all HPLC fractions of S. flavescens and T. japonica had higher levels of anti-neosporal activity compared to the not treated control. Active constituents of the extracts were sophoridane, furosardonin A, and tetraisopropylidene-cyclobutane in S. flavescens; 5,17-beta-dihydroxy-de-A-estra-5,7,9,14-tetraene, furanodiene, and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-(CAS,1) in T. japonica.
Apiaceae/*chemistry
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Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
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Coccidiostats/*chemistry
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Fruit/chemistry
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Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
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Neospora/*drug effects/growth & development
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Plant Extracts/*chemistry
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Plant Roots/chemistry
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Sophora/*chemistry