The authors carried out of the study on ARN message extrait from the peripheric blood of the 20 patients diagnosed to have colon cancer and 13 control healthy persons by RT - PCR quantitative with marker CK 20. The obtained results are as follows: The technique have been fulfilled; The CK 20 in the patients and the healthy person is not significant different
Colonic Neoplasms ; Blood ; RNA

OBJECTIVETo examine the expression level of miR-24 in the plasma of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients and investigate the clinical significance of miR-24 in NPC development.

METHODSBlood samples were from 217 NPC patients admitted in our Department between December, 2007 and June, 2011, with those from 73 patients with chronic purulent otitis media or chronic sinusitis as control. The follow-up data of all the patients were reviewed and the expression of miR-24 in the plasma was examined by qRT-PCR. The correlation of miR-24 expression with clinical staging of NPC was analyzed, and miR-24 levels before and after the treatment were compared.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the NPC patients showed significantly up-regulated level of miR-24 in the plasma (P<0.001). Plasma miR-24 level differed significantly among patients with different T stages (P=0.007) and was negatively correlated with the N stages (P=0.028) and plasma EBV-DNA (P=0.048). The expression levels of miR-24 were significantly reduced after treatment in the NPC patients and were significantly lowered in patients without relapse or metastasis (P=0.001).

CONCLUSIONPlasma miR-24 may serve as a novel molecular biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis of NPC.

Biomarkers ; blood ; Carcinoma ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; blood ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; blood ; Prognosis

This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic significance of serum bone sialoprotein (BSP) and prostate-specific antigen doubling time (PSADT) in patients with bone metastasis (BM) from prostate cancer (PC). A total of 116 patients with PC, 120 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 120 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. PC patients were divided into bone metastasis (BM) group (n=56) and non-bone metastasis (NBM) group (n=60). Serum BSP was detected by Sandwich ELISA. Severity of bone pain was evaluated using visual analogue score (VAS). Serum f-PSA and t-PSA levels were measured by using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). PSADT was calculated according to the formula: PSADT=lg(2)/[log(PSA2)-log(PSA1)]. The mean serum BSP level in PC patients with BM was significantly higher than in PC patients without BM, BPH patients and controls (P<0.001 for all). Pearson's analysis showed that serum BSP level was positively correlated with VAS in PC patients with BM (P<0.05). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis demonstrated that BSP discriminated patients with BM from those without BM at the cutoff value of 33.26 ng/mL. The sensitivity and specificity were 78.21% and 79.28%, respectively. The optimal cutoff value of PSADT was 131 days, with sensitivity of 85.69% and specificity of 85.36%. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that subjects with higher BSP levels/shorter PSADT had a shorter BM-free period than those with lower BSP levels/longer PSADT. Serum BSP and PSADT are useful biomarkers for the diagnosis of BM from PC, and can be regarded as independent factors for predicting the prognosis of BM from PC. Combined determination of BSP and PSADT can improve accuracy and positive rate of BM from PC significantly.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; blood ; Bone Neoplasms ; blood ; pathology ; secondary ; Humans ; Male ; Osteopontin ; blood ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; blood ; pathology

Circular RNA (circRNA) is a novel class of single-stranded RNAs with a closed loop structure. The majority of circRNAs are formed by a back-splicing process in pre-mRNA splicing. Their expression is dynamically regulated and shows spatiotemporal patterns among cell types, tissues and developmental stages. CircRNAs have important biological functions in many physiological processes, and their aberrant expression is implicated in many human diseases. Due to their high stability, circRNAs are becoming promising biomarkers in many human diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases and human cancers. In this review, we focus on the translational potential of using human blood circRNAs as liquid biopsy biomarkers for human diseases. We highlight their abundant expression, essential biological functions and significant correlations to human diseases in various components of peripheral blood, including whole blood, blood cells and extracellular vesicles. In addition, we summarize the current knowledge of blood circRNA biomarkers for disease diagnosis or prognosis.
Autoimmune Diseases/blood* ; Biomarkers, Tumor/blood* ; Cardiovascular Diseases/blood* ; Humans ; Liquid Biopsy ; Neoplasms/blood* ; RNA, Circular/blood* ; RNA, Neoplasm/blood*

OBJECTIVETo observe the dynamic levels of serum Golgi protein 73(GP73) in patients prior to and after the onset of liver cancer, and to explore the related factors.

METHODSFrom 2007 to 2012, a periodical screening program was carried out in a group of high risk population with positive Hepatitis B surface antigens (HBsAg) , twice a year. Their serum specimens from every screening time point were kept in Qidong Biobank until liver cancer was diagnosed. Thirty-nine patients with liver cancer were recruited for the study, each of them at least had three times of specimens collected as well as B ultrasound scan (BUS) exam results at onset of disease and within 30 months before diagnosed, amongst 6 time points. In total, there were 162 specimens collected to test GP73 by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analyses of time series and differences among groups were performed by stata software 10.

RESULTSThe average value of 39 patient's GP73 at the time point of liver cancer onset was (126.77 ± 73.73) µg/L, while the values at the other five time points prior to the onset were (128.32 ± 81.18) , (129.97 ± 83.62) , (127.38 ± 80.10) , (135.52 ± 97.88) and (138.24 ± 93.58) µg/L, respectively, with no significant difference (F = 0.07, P = 0.997). No obvious changing trends of GP73 were observed among the 39 liver cancer cases at the 6 time points. All 162 samples were divided into two groups: without hepatic cirrhosis (63 samples) and with cirrhosis (99 samples) according to findings of B-ultrasonic wave; whose average GP73 values were separately (97.16 ± 51.39) and (151.20 ± 91.68) µg/L. The difference showed statistical significance (F = 18.22, P < 0.01). Furthermore, if we grouped the samples by the average value of GP73 at 130.19 µg/L, then there were only 1/14 of the subjects without hepatic cirrhosis having higher GP73 values, but 12 of the 25 subjects with hepatic cirrhosis having higher GP73 values. The difference showed statistical significance (P = 0.013). The results of Linear regression model also showed that there was no correlation between GP73 and time series (t = 0.75, P = 0.455), but significant correlation between GP73 and hepatic cirrhosis (t = 4.30, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONNo significant changes of the dynamic levels of GP73 could be found among the liver cancer patients within 30 months prior to the onset of disease. GP73 values of the patients with liver cancer may depend on their background of hepatic diseases; and hepatic cirrhosis might be one of the main influencing factors or confounding factors.

Biomarkers, Tumor ; blood ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; blood ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; blood ; Membrane Proteins ; blood ; Retrospective Studies

Humans ; Hypophosphatemia ; blood ; complications ; Neoplasms ; blood ; complications ; Osteomalacia ; blood ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; surgery ; Phosphates ; blood

OBJECTIVE: We applied intraoperative autotransfusion (IAT) as a method of decreasing or avoiding homologous blood transfusions during urological cancer surgery and assessed the availability of the IAT. PATIENTS AND METHODS: IAT was performed in 7 patients with bladder cancer who underwent retropubic radical cystectomy (Cx group) and in 4 patients with prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy (Px group). Blood shed in operation fields was collected and processed with an IAT device. The volume of blood loss, homologous blood transfused, and autologous blood transfused during surgery were assessed. RESULTS: In the Cx group, intraoperative blood loss ranged from 1,086 to 2,673 ml (mean: 1,757 ml), and homologous blood transfusions ranged from 0 to 1,000 ml (mean: 457 ml). Autologous blood was processed by IAT device and the amount transfused ranged from 380 to 980 ml (mean: 607 ml). Two patients did not require homologous blood transfusion. In the Px group, intraoperative blood loss ranged from 1,160 to 1,550 ml (mean: 1,356 ml). Autologous blood was processed by IAT device and the amount transfused ranged from 540 to 990 ml (mean: 745 ml). None of the patients required homologous blood transfusion. CONCLUSION: IAT is a feasible method of reducing or avoiding homologous blood transfusion in radical cystectomy and retropubic radical prostatectomy.
Blood Transfusion ; Blood Transfusion, Autologous* ; Cystectomy ; Humans ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urologic Neoplasms*

BACKGROUNDRecent studies suggest that circulating DNA may be a potential tumor marker for lung cancer, but most of these studies are conducted between healthy controls and lung cancer patients, with few or no benign lung disease patients included. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of plasma DNA quantification in discriminating lung cancer from the healthy and benign lung disease.

METHODSPlasma DNA was extracted with a QIAamp DNA Blood Midi kit and quantified by a PicoGreen dsDNA quantitation kit in 44 healthy individuals, 36 benign lung disease patients and 67 lung cancer patients. Discrimination power was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve.

RESULTSPlasma DNA values were significantly increased in lung cancer patients, especially in those with metastases, and in benign lung disease patients compared with that in the healthy individuals (P < 0.001, respectively). The values in lung cancer patients were significantly increased compared with that in the benign lung disease patients (P < 0.001). The area under the curve was 0.96 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92 - 0.99] for the healthy versus lung cancer, 0.73 (95% CI 0.64 - 0.83) for lung cancer versus benign lung disease, and 0.86 (95% CI 0.80 - 0.91) for lung cancer versus the healthy and benign lung disease.

CONCLUSIONSPlasma DNA quantification has a strong power to discriminate lung cancer from the healthy and from the healthy and benign lung disease, less power to discriminate lung cancer from benign lung disease. Plasma DNA quantification may be useful as a screening tool for lung cancer.

DNA ; blood ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; blood ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Neoplasm Staging

PSA-based screening has always been one of the controversial topics among urological researchers. In spite of its benefit in detecting early prostate cancer, PSA-based screening may not only result in widespread overdiagnosis and overtreatment of an often indolent disease, which is life-threatening in only a minority of patients, but also subject participators to such complications as erectile dysfunction and incontinence. Besides, whether PSA-based screening can reduce prostate cancer specific mortality has received considerable attention. This review offers a comparative analysis of recent studies on PSA-based screening for prostate cancer.
Humans ; Male ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; blood ; diagnosis

A major problem for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer is the lack of clinically useful tests for screening a preclinical and asymptomic population without resort to invasive diagnostic procedures. Recent studies have demonstrated the possibility to detect genetic alterations in plasma or serum DNA from patients with prostate cancer or other cancers. Quantification and molecular event are associated with advanced stages and circulating tumor cells. These results indicate a new approach to the early diagnosis and monitoring of prostate cancer by non-invasive screening procedures based on the analysis of genetic changes in plasma.
DNA ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; blood ; diagnosis