Cancer comprises of 200 separated diseases with some common characteristics: Unregular and unlimited proliferation of cells, it invades through the natural frontiers and spreads far on the whole of the body, leading to the death. International Anticancer Association defines the tumor as some neoplastic tissues growing excessively over the normal need and the range of control of the body. The progress of cancer is a multicause pathology, it developes in long duration, having 3 basic phases: onset, progress and advance. In advanced phase the disease trends to spread largely, destrying the host leading to the death
Neoplasms ; etiology ; cells

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer is the most common type of lung cancer. It usually grows and spreads more slowly than small cell lung cancer. Objective: To describe clinical characteristics and the TNM staging of non-small cell lung cancer. Subjects and method: It was a prospective study on clinical characteristics and the TNM staging of 53 patients with non-small cell lung cancer in Bach Mai Hospital from January 2005 to June 2005. Results and conclusions: The most common age was over 40, accounting for 92.5%, male/female (2.5/1). 64.2% of cases with smoking history (97.1% for men and 2.9% for women). 79.4% of patients had smoked over 20 years. The concordance of diagnosis between the previous hospitals and Bach Mai hospital was 34.6%. The most common clinical symptoms at the time of diagnosis were chest pain, prolonged cough, haemoptysis, weight lost and pleural effusion syndrome. Basing on the 1997 International Staging System of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, we have found that T4 in 64.2%, N(+) 64.2% and metastasis in 32.1%. IIIB and IV stage in 75.5%, patients with IA to IIIA stages being able to be operated was 24.5% of cases. 92.5% of patients were over 40 years old; male/female: 2.5/1. 79.4 of patients had smoked cigarette over 20 years.
Lung Neoplasms/ pathology ; etiology

Carcinogens, Environmental ; Ecotoxicology ; Neoplasms ; etiology

Female ; Humans ; Leiomyoma ; etiology ; pathology ; Uterine Neoplasms ; etiology ; pathology

It is well recognized that radiation can be carcinogenic for a wide variety of tumors, especially, in breast, thyroid, and bone marrow which appear to be radiosensitive. The criteria for establishing the dignosis of radiation- induced malignancy are the knowledge of prior irradiation and the appearance of a malignancy in the irradiated area. We report a case of carcinoma of the thyroid and esophagus following prior neck irradiation for thyroid mass.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/*etiology ; Esophageal Neoplasms/*etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neck/*radiation effects ; *Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced ; Thyroid Neoplasms/*etiology

We report two cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma occurring after the successful treatment of osteosarcoma. One of the patients was administered with several alkylating agents and topoisomerase II inhibitor as part of the primary treatment of osteosarcoma. The onset of thyroid carcinoma occurred after 5 and 12 yr after cessation of the osteosarcoma therapy. All the patients involved in this study are alive and free of their malignancies. There have been eight case reports of these two malignancies occurring in the same patient. Thyroid carcinoma rarely occurs in patients with osteosarcoma; however, vigilant surveillance and long-term follow-up should be emphasized for all survivors.
Adolescent ; Bone Neoplasms/*therapy ; Carcinoma, Papillary/*etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasms, Second Primary/*etiology ; Osteosarcoma/*therapy ; Thyroid Neoplasms/*etiology

Breast Neoplasms ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Integrins ; physiology

Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; etiology ; Metallurgy ; Occupational Exposure

Humans ; Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Translational Medical Research

Fatigue ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; complications