No abstract available.
Female ; Fertility Preservation/*methods ; Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; Ovarian Neoplasms/*surgery

The 7th UICC/AJCC Gastric Cancer TNM Staging System includes major revisions of pT and pN classification. The Japanese Classification and UICC/AJCC TNM System have reached consistency in staging of gastric cancer. There are some new topics of lymphadenectomy in the new guidelines. The new TNM system accepts the database from Japan and Korea and it will be more accurate to predict the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. The rationality of splenectomy, total bursectomy, dissection of No.13 and No.14 lymph nodes is still not very clear and needs more evidences. D2 lymphadenectomy is the recommended surgical approach both in Eastern and Western countries. The benefit of paraaortic lymphadenectmoy for selected patients needs further evidences as well. The international gastric cancer staging project will collect the data from 23 countries and the new staging system will be applicable worldwide.
Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; methods ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery

Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; pathology ; Neoplasm Staging ; methods ; Neoplasms ; classification ; pathology ; therapy

Laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer was first adopted 16 years ago. There are various limitations in performing laparoscopic surgery including the technical complexity and question of positive impact on the long-term oncologic outcome. The purpose of this review is to outline the important issues surrounding the laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer based on the most recently published articles. The laparoscopic approach provides the advantages of an illuminated and magnified view, which may be superior to open surgery. There was no significant difference on the oncologic clearance, especially its proportion of positive radial margins to the number of harvested lymph nodes. In addition, laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer was associated with earlier recovery of bowel function, need for fewer analgesics, and with a shorter hospital stay compared to open surgery. Long-term oncologic outcome does not appear to be impaired by laparoscopic resection and local recurrence and disease specific survival has been reported to be similar for both laparoscopic and open surgery for colorectal cancer. Laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer is feasible and safe when performed by experienced surgeons. The oncologic results of many ongoing prospective randomized controlled trials are eagerly awaited.
Colorectal Neoplasms/*surgery ; Humans ; *Laparoscopy/economics/methods ; Neoplasm Staging ; Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive/methods ; Survival Analysis

Cancer has become the leading cause of mortality in the urban area of China. Whole body diffusion weighted imaging (WB-DWI), also known as virtual positron emission tomography, has gradually become accepted as an image tool in tumor localization, characterization, staging and monitoring response to therapy or tumor recurrence. Our article aimed to summarize the limited initial clinical use of WB-DWI in the referred area, and to analyze the most potential advantage of WB-DWI in therapeutic monitoring and tumor staging. WB-DWI as a highly sensitive, completely non-invasive, well-tolerated and low price technique has a promising furture in tumor assessment. Profound clinical study is necessary for its further application improvement.
China ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Whole Body Imaging ; methods

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the clinical significance of target biopsy in clinical diagnosis, and accurate pathologic specimen acquisition of laryngeal lesion by using narrow band imaging (NBI) endoscopy. METHOD: A total of 156 cases of patients with laryngeal lesions were collected from the department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of Tianjin Union Medical Center from Aug 2012 to Dec 2014. All patients were randomly divided into regular biopsy group and NBI target biopsy group. Image data were recorded and the patients' samples were biopsied. The pathologic diagnosis was used to evaluate the accuracy of regular biopsy and target biopsy. RESULT: Based on the pathologic diagnosis, the correct accurate pathologic specimen acquisition rates in NBI target pathology group at stage 0 (Tis), stage I and stage II laryngeal cancer diagnosis compliance rate were higher than those in regular biopsy group, stage 0 (Tis) (χ² = 22.00, P < 0.05), stage I (χ² = 8.33, P < 0.05) and stage II (χ² = 4.55, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION NBI endoscopy plays an important role in the clinical diagnosis and accurate pathologic specimen acquisition of laryngeal carcinoma and can be a regular means to detect laryngeal lesions in clinical.
Biopsy ; methods ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Larynx ; pathology ; Narrow Band Imaging ; Neoplasm Staging

Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in human. Because rectal cancer locates in the narrow pelvis and is close to many complicated anatomic structures, seeking R0 resection and decreasing the positive rate of circumferential resection margin become the focus of concern for surgeons. The authors review the diagnosis standard of rectal cancer in AJCC TNM cancer staging (seventh edition) and guideline of College of American Pathologists, and propose the concept of "diagnosis priority using the standardized methods". Selecting the correct medical imaging and pathology diagnosis methods is the key to improve the standardized and individualized comprehensive therapy.
Diagnostic Imaging ; methods ; standards ; Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Rectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of (99)Tc(m)N-NOET dual-phase SPECT in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lung tumors.

METHODSCT scan, early (20 to 30 min) and delayed (2 h) imaging of NOET SPECT were performed on 61 patients suspected of lung lesions before operation. The results were compared with the pathological findings. All cases were not treated with radiotherapy, chemotherapy or surgery before checks. Moreover, all patients had pathological diagnosis. To determine the value in differential diagnosis of tumors by analyzing the tumor uptake and excretion of (99)Tc(m)N-NOET, and the results were compared with that of CT.

RESULTSThe value of early T/N ratio (ER) in the malignant (G1) and benign (G2) groups was 1.25 ± 0.15 and 1.09 ± 0.11 (P < 0.001), respectively, and delayed T/N ratio (DR) was 1.40 ± 0.17 and 1.18 ± 0.21 (P < 0.001). The retention index (RI) of groups G1 was (12.22 ± 6.38)% and group G2 was (8.3 ± 10.91)%, with a non-significant difference between them (P > 0.05). The ER, DR and RI of NOET SPECT in the malignant patients were not significantly correlated with TNM staging, pathological types, tumor diameter, cavity in the lung tumor mass, history of smoking, tumor size and patient gender (P > 0.05). The sensitivity of NOET dual-phase SPECT and CT in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lung tumors was 94.1% vs. 90.2%, specificity was 70.0% vs. 80.0% , positive predictive value (PPV) was 94.1% vs. 95.8%, negative predictive value (NPV) was 70.0% vs. 61.5 %, and accuracy was 90.2%. vs. 88.5% (P > 0.05 for all).

CONCLUSIONS(99)Tc(m)N- NOET dual-phase SPECT could be used in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lung tumors, with no significant differences compared with the efficacy of CT imaging. The semiquantitative indexes (ER, DR and RI) of NOET SPECT can also be used in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lung tumors, and are not significantly correlated with TNM staging, pathological types, tumor diameter, cavity of the lung tumor mass, history of smoking, tumor size and patient gender.

With the apparently increasing incidence of endometrial carcinoma, much importance has been attached to the early and exact diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma. This article mainly focuses on diagnostic techniques of endometrial carcinoma, especially diagnostic hysteroscopy and its assessment of myometrial invasion as well as stage of endometrial carcinoma. Whether hysteroscopy increases the risk of microscopic extrauterine spread is also discussed in this article.
Endometrial Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Hysteroscopy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Neoplasm Staging

A more differentiated therapy regimen for gastric carcinoma requires more precise preoperative staging. In patients with early gastric cancer (EGC), especially mucosa, endoscopic resection (ER) should be performed to avoid unnecessary surgical procedures. To achieve R0 resection for locally-advanced gastric cancer (AGC), neoadjuvant treatments have been investigated. Clinical staging of gastric cancer has been greatly improved by advance in imaging techniques such as endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), transabdominal ultrasonography (TAUS), multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), combined PET-CT scans, and laparoscopic staging. This review is to summarize the clinical application and the value of preoperative staging in gastric cancer.
Diagnostic Imaging ; methods ; Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; Preoperative Care ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery