No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Neoplasm Staging ; Stomach Neoplasms/*diagnosis/*mortality

Papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMCs) are the most common form of classic papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). PTMCs are typically discovered by fine-needle-aspiration biopsy (FNAB), usually with sensitive imaging studies, or are found during thyroid surgery in a patient without a previously known history of thyroid carcinoma. However, the definition of PTMC has not always been universally accepted, thus creating controversy concerning the diagnosis and treatment of PTMC. The aim of this review is to summarize the clinical features of PTMC and identify the widely differing opinions concerning the diagnosis and management of these small ubiquitous thyroid tumors.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma, Papillary/mortality/*pathology/*surgery ; Humans ; *Neoplasm Staging ; Thyroid Neoplasms/mortality/*pathology/*surgery

No abstract available.
Bile Duct Neoplasms/*diagnosis/mortality/surgery ; *Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis

Prognosis of prostatic carcinoma can be cheefly influenced not by method of treatment, but histological differentiation and tumor stage. We reviewed histologic grade and survival of prostatic carcinoma retrospectively using the Gleason grade system based on gland differentiation and relation between gland and stroma in 25 patients from Jan, 1980 to Jan, 1987, Whom we had follow-up data about. The following results were obtained. 1. The average age of patients was 69 years with a range of 56 to 84 years. 2. We identified 1 patients as grade 2, 4 patients as grade 3, 9 patients as grade 4, 11 patients as grade 5 of total 25 patients. In 2 year survival, there were 100% for low combined Gleason(2-4), 90% for intermediate group(5-7), 80% for high grade. 3. There was close relationship between tumor grade and stage such that high grade is high stage, low grade is in low stage. 4. There were high mortality index(0.102) in high grade group, low mortality index(0.039 %) in low grade group in prostatic index combined Gleason grade with clinical tumor staging.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mortality ; Neoplasm Grading ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis* ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: To investigation the clinic long-term result and explore the prognostic factor of patients with laryngectomy. METHOD: Three hundred and fifteen patients with laryngectomy were analysed. The survival rate and the cause of death were collected from this study. RESULT: Five years later, 233 cases were still alive, 60 cases were dead, 22 cases failed to be followed-up. Overall 5-year survival rate was 73.97%, 5-year survival rate for patients of early stage was 82.69. Whereas, for patients of late stage was 62.64%. Five year survival rate for patients of supraglottic carcinoma, glottic carcinoma, subglottic carcinoma and transglottic carcinoma was respectively 73.76%, 82. 55%, 55.56%, 68.75%. Five year survival rate for patients with partial laryngectomy was 79.89%, whereas, for total laryngectomy was 1.03%. The cause of death were local recurrence and cervical glands metastasis. CONCLUSION Early diagnosis was the key points to both larynx preservation and survival rate. for improving survival rate, we should handle the indications strictly. remain sufficient security cutting edge and follow-up visit.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; mortality ; surgery ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; mortality ; surgery ; Laryngectomy ; mortality ; Neoplasm Staging ; Survival Analysis ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

In Korea, the incidence of pancreatic cancer was 9th and the mortality was 5th in 2002. The unique modality to cure is a surgery, however the resectability is around 10~20%. The survival data of pancreatic cancer after resection in '60s ~'70s were disappointing; operative mortalities were as high as 20~30% with 5-year survival rates were about 5%. However, from '90s, there have been several papers which reports the operative mortalities less than 5% and the 5-year survival rates over 20% after resection. However it is not clear whether survival in pancreatic cancer after surgery has been really improving or not. Prognostic factors in pancreatic cancer after resection can be classified into 3 categories; factors related to the patient, the tumor and the surgeon. At present, the most important prognostic factors are tumor factors such as tumor size, lymph node metastasis, depth of invasion, and histological differentiation. The factors related to the minimal residual disease or molecular biologic studies would get more concern. Staging in the malignancy is very important in predicting the prognosis and determining the adjuvant therapies. Good stages should be a good prognosis predictor and be simple as well. In pancreatic cancer, TNM staging from AJCC/UICC has been used worldwide and the 6th edition was published in 2001. JPS (Japanese pancreatic society) staging for pancreatic cancer, compared to AJCC staging, is better in predicting the prognosis but somewhat complicated. Studies for the prognostic factors and staging for Korean pancreatic cancer cases should be followed.
Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lymph Nodes ; Mortality ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Pancreatic Neoplasms* ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate

BACKGROUND: Though the surgical treatment of stage IIIB lung cancer is not generalized due to low complete remission rate high morbidity and mortality there are several reports on the improvement of long term survival after preoperative and postoperative adjuvant therapy. In this study we analyzed the prognostic factors affecting long term survival after surgical treatment of stage IIIB lung cancer MATERIAL AND METHOD: We analyzed the long term survival for age pathology invaded mediastinal organ n stage type of operation complete or incomplete resection and adjuvant therapy through a retrospective review of patients underwent surgical treatment. RESULT: From 1990 to 1998 56 patients(51/male 5/female0 with stage IIIB lung cancer were trated surgically. Forty two patients underwent radical resection and morbidity and mortality were 17% 12% respectively. The survival rate for overall patients and the radical resection group were 9% 12% respectively. In the radical resection group excluding explothoracotomy only(n=14) and the surgical mortality patients(n=5) the age the type of operation celly type resectability and N stage had no influence on the long term survival. The survival rate of radical resection group was significantly better than that of the explothoracotomy only group(p=0.04) The long term survival rate of postoperative combination therapy group was significantly better than chemotherapy or radiotherapy alone(p=0.04) CONCLUSION: Age type after surgical treatment of stage IIIB lung cancer. We conclude that combined modality of adjuvant treatment after radical resection of stage IIIB lung cancer seems to offer better long term survival in selective patients. The numbers of patients involved was small. Nevertheless these preliminary findings indicate questions that will need to be experienced further in larger studies.
Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Mortality ; Neoplasm Staging ; Pathology ; Radiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

Pancreatic cancer is a major problematic concern among all forms of gastrointestinal malignancies because of its poor prognosis. Although significant progress has been made in the surgical treatment in terms of increased resection rate and decreased treatment-related morbidity and mortality, the true survival rate still remains below 5% today. Surgical options for pancreatic cancer are based on the its unique anatomy and physiology, catastrophic tumor biology, experience of surgeon, and status of patients. Four main options exist for the surgical treatment of pancreatic cancer. These include standard "Whipple" pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), pylorus preserving PD (PPPD), distal pancreatectomy (left-side pancreatectomy), and total pancreatectomy according to the location of tumor. Portal vein involvement by tumor is regarded as an anatomical extension of disease, and en bloc resection of portal vein with tumor is recommended if technically feasible, which is stated in 2002 AJCC tumor staging for pancreatic cancer. In comparison of the survival rates between standard and extended resection of pancreatic head cancer, no significant survival benefit was demonstrated from the prospective reports. PPPD may be superior to standard PD in respect to nutrition and quality of life without any deleterious effect upon long term survival or tumor recurrence. New surgical treatment modalities including modified extended pancreatectomy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and radical antegrade modular distal pancreatectomy have been tried to improve the patients' survival. However, early diagnosis and treatment remain as key factors for the cure of pancreatic cancer irrespective of various surgical trials.
Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/*surgery ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy ; Portal Vein/pathology/surgery ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare survival of patients with uterine sarcomas using the 1988 and 2008 International Federation of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (FIGO) staging systems to determine if revised 2008 staging accurately predicts patient survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 83 patients with leiomyosarcoma and endometrial stromal sarcoma treated at Yonsei University Health System between March of 1989 and November of 2009 were reviewed. The prognostic validity of both FIGO staging systems, as well as other factors was analyzed. RESULTS: Leiomyosarcoma and endometrial stromal sarcoma comprised 47.0% and 53.0% of this study population, respectively. Using the new staging system, 43 (67.2%) of 64 eligible patients were reclassified. Among those 64 patients, 45 (70.3%) patients with limited uterine corpus involvement were divided into stage IA (n=14) and IB (n=31). Univariate analysis demonstrated a significant difference between stages I and II and the other stages in both staging systems (p<0.001) with respect to progression-free survival and overall survival (OS). Age, menopausal status, tumor size, and cell type were significantly associated with OS (p=0.011, p=0.031, p=0.044, p=0.009, respectively). In multivariate analysis, revised FIGO stage greater than III was an independent poor prognostic factor with a hazard ratio of 9.06 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.49-33.0, p=0.001]. CONCLUSION: The 2008 FIGO staging system is more valid than the previous FIGO staging system for uterine sarcomas with respect to its ability to distinguish early-stage patients from advanced-stage patients.
Adult ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma/mortality/pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Uterine Neoplasms/*mortality/*pathology

This study was undertaken to examine prognosis after resection for M1 disease in squamous cell esophageal carcinoma. Fifty-six patients with M1 esophageal cancer underwent esophageal resection with two or three-field nodal dissection from 1994 to 2001. Operative mortality occurred in 3 patients. Primary tumor sites were as follows; 10 upper, 23 middle, and 20 lower thoracic esophagus. They were found to have M1 disease by pathologic examination of dissected nodes, 24 M1a and 29 M1b. Forty-two patients (79%) were considered to have undergone curative resection. Chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy was given to 38 patients perioperatively. Recurrence was identified in 35 patients (66%) during a mean follow-up of 23 months. Overall median and 5-yr survivals were 19 months and 12.7%. Five-year survivals for M1a and M1b disease were 23.9% and 6.1%, respectively (p=0.0488). Curative resection tended to show better survival (p=0.3846). Chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy provided no advantage (p=0.5370). Multivariate analysis showed that M1b was significant risk factor over M1a disease. Our conclusion is that surgical resection can provide acceptable survival in thoracic squamous esophageal cancer with M1a disease. Survival differences between M1a and M1b disease support the current subclassification staging system.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality/pathology/*surgery ; Esophageal Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/*surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis