No abstract available.
Female ; Fertility Preservation/*methods ; Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; Ovarian Neoplasms/*surgery

The 7th UICC/AJCC Gastric Cancer TNM Staging System includes major revisions of pT and pN classification. The Japanese Classification and UICC/AJCC TNM System have reached consistency in staging of gastric cancer. There are some new topics of lymphadenectomy in the new guidelines. The new TNM system accepts the database from Japan and Korea and it will be more accurate to predict the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. The rationality of splenectomy, total bursectomy, dissection of No.13 and No.14 lymph nodes is still not very clear and needs more evidences. D2 lymphadenectomy is the recommended surgical approach both in Eastern and Western countries. The benefit of paraaortic lymphadenectmoy for selected patients needs further evidences as well. The international gastric cancer staging project will collect the data from 23 countries and the new staging system will be applicable worldwide.
Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; methods ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery

Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; pathology ; Neoplasm Staging ; methods ; Neoplasms ; classification ; pathology ; therapy

Laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer was first adopted 16 years ago. There are various limitations in performing laparoscopic surgery including the technical complexity and question of positive impact on the long-term oncologic outcome. The purpose of this review is to outline the important issues surrounding the laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer based on the most recently published articles. The laparoscopic approach provides the advantages of an illuminated and magnified view, which may be superior to open surgery. There was no significant difference on the oncologic clearance, especially its proportion of positive radial margins to the number of harvested lymph nodes. In addition, laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer was associated with earlier recovery of bowel function, need for fewer analgesics, and with a shorter hospital stay compared to open surgery. Long-term oncologic outcome does not appear to be impaired by laparoscopic resection and local recurrence and disease specific survival has been reported to be similar for both laparoscopic and open surgery for colorectal cancer. Laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer is feasible and safe when performed by experienced surgeons. The oncologic results of many ongoing prospective randomized controlled trials are eagerly awaited.
Colorectal Neoplasms/*surgery ; Humans ; *Laparoscopy/economics/methods ; Neoplasm Staging ; Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive/methods ; Survival Analysis

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the clinical significance of target biopsy in clinical diagnosis, and accurate pathologic specimen acquisition of laryngeal lesion by using narrow band imaging (NBI) endoscopy. METHOD: A total of 156 cases of patients with laryngeal lesions were collected from the department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of Tianjin Union Medical Center from Aug 2012 to Dec 2014. All patients were randomly divided into regular biopsy group and NBI target biopsy group. Image data were recorded and the patients' samples were biopsied. The pathologic diagnosis was used to evaluate the accuracy of regular biopsy and target biopsy. RESULT: Based on the pathologic diagnosis, the correct accurate pathologic specimen acquisition rates in NBI target pathology group at stage 0 (Tis), stage I and stage II laryngeal cancer diagnosis compliance rate were higher than those in regular biopsy group, stage 0 (Tis) (χ² = 22.00, P < 0.05), stage I (χ² = 8.33, P < 0.05) and stage II (χ² = 4.55, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION NBI endoscopy plays an important role in the clinical diagnosis and accurate pathologic specimen acquisition of laryngeal carcinoma and can be a regular means to detect laryngeal lesions in clinical.
Biopsy ; methods ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Larynx ; pathology ; Narrow Band Imaging ; Neoplasm Staging

Cancer has become the leading cause of mortality in the urban area of China. Whole body diffusion weighted imaging (WB-DWI), also known as virtual positron emission tomography, has gradually become accepted as an image tool in tumor localization, characterization, staging and monitoring response to therapy or tumor recurrence. Our article aimed to summarize the limited initial clinical use of WB-DWI in the referred area, and to analyze the most potential advantage of WB-DWI in therapeutic monitoring and tumor staging. WB-DWI as a highly sensitive, completely non-invasive, well-tolerated and low price technique has a promising furture in tumor assessment. Profound clinical study is necessary for its further application improvement.
China ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Whole Body Imaging ; methods

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy/adverse effects/*methods ; Neoplasm Staging ; Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology/*surgery

The incidence of early gastric cancer (EGC) has increased to over 50% in Korea and Japan due to rapid advances in diagnostic instrumentation and increased use of mass screening. Considering the excellent prognosies of EGC patients, the quality of life of these patients after treatment has recently been emphasized. For the better quality of life, laparoscopic surgery has emerged as an alternative therapy for EGC patients. Since Kitano et al. first performed laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) for early gastric cancer in 1991, it has been performed worldwide, especially in Japan and Korea. A number of reports have presented the excellent short term outcomes; less pain, better cosmetics, faster recovery, and shorter hospital stay. However, there is little evidence of the oncological outcome of laparoscopic gastrectomy as a treatment modality for gastric cancer. Multi-center randomized controlled trials of laparoscopic versus open gastrectomy are needed to establish the future role of laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of patients with gastric cancer.
Humans ; *Laparoscopy ; Neoplasm Staging ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Stomach Neoplasms/diagnosis/*surgery ; Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive/methods

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the cancer with the highest morbidity and mortality at home and abroad at present. Using computed tomography (CT) to screen lung cancer nodules is a huge workload. To test the effect of artificial intelligence in automatic identification of lung cancer by using artificial intelligence to find the lung cancer nodules automatically in the chest CT of 1 mm and 5 mm thick. METHODS: 5,000 cases of T1 stage lung cancer patients with 1 mm and 5 mm layer thickness were respectively labeled and learned by computer neural network, the algorithm of forming pulmonary nodules was carried out. 500 cases of chest CT in T1 stage lung cancer patients with 1 mm and 5 mm thickness were tested by artificial intelligence formation, and the sensitivity and specificity were compared with artificial reading. RESULTS: Using artificial intelligence to read chest CT 500 in 5 mm, the sensitivity was 95.20%, the specificity was 93.20%, and the Kappa value of two times repeated read was 0.926,1. For 1 mm chest CT 500 cases, the sensitivity is 96.40%, the specificity is 95.60%, and the Kappa reads two times is 0.938,6. Compared with 5 doctors, the same CT sets with 1 mm thickness were read. The detection rates of artificial intelligence and artificial reading were similar to those of lung cancer nodules and negative control read films, and there was no significant difference between them. In the comparison of the same CT slices with 5 mm thickness, the number of detection of lung cancer nodules by artificial intelligence is better than that of artificial reading, and the sensitivity is higher, but the number of false messages is increased and the specificity is slightly worse. CONCLUSIONS The automatic learning of early lung cancer chest CT images by artificial intelligence can achieve high sensitivity and specificity of early lung cancer identification, and assist doctors in the diagnosis of lung cancer.
Artificial Intelligence ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Medical Informatics ; methods ; Neoplasm Staging

OBJECTIVE: This study proposes a novel reference standard for hypervascular hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), established by cone-beam computed tomography-hepatic arteriography (CBCT-HA) and two-year imaging follow-up, and discusses its clinical implication on tumor staging and understanding the intrahepatic distant recurrence (IDR) in relation to dynamic computed tomography (CT).MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, 99 patients were enrolled, who underwent CBCT-HA during initial chemoembolization for HCC suspected on CT. All patients underwent chemoembolization and regular clinical and imaging follow-up for two years. If IDR appeared on follow-up imaging, initial CBCT-HA images were reviewed to determine if a hypervascular focus pre-existed at the site of recurrence. Pre-existing hypervascular foci on CBCT-HA were regarded as HCCs in initial presentation. Initial HCCs were classified into three groups according to their mode of detection (Group I, detected on CT and CBCT-HA; Group II, additionally detected on CBCT-HA; Group III, confirmed by interval growth). We assessed the influence of CBCT-HA and two-year follow-up on initial tumor stage and calculated the proportion of IDR that pre-existed in initial CBCT-HA.RESULTS: A total of 405 nodules were confirmed as HCCs, and 297 nodules initially pre-existed. Of the initial 297 HCCs, 149 (50.2%) lesions were in Group I, 74 (24.9%) lesions were in Group II, and the remaining 74 (24.9%) lesions were in Group III. After applying CBCT-HA findings, 11 patients upstaged in T stage, and 4 patients had a change in Milan criteria. Our reference standard for HCC indicated that 120 of 148 (81.1%) one-year IDR and 148 of 256 (57.8%) two-year IDR existed on initial CBCT-HA.CONCLUSION: The proposed method enabled the confirmation of many sub-centimeter-sized, faintly vascularized HCC nodules that pre-existed initially but clinically manifested as IDR. Our reference standard for HCC helped in understanding the nature of IDR and the early development of HCC as well as the clinical impact of tumor staging and treatment decision.
Angiography ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Methods ; Neoplasm Staging ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies