Objective To evaluate the effect of silencing ACAT1 gene on colon cancer cells proliferation,migration,invasion and colon cancer development by using the small interference RNA (siRNA) in colon cancer cell line HT-29.Methods Acyl coenzyme A cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) gene was silenced in HT-29 cell lines using Hiperfect transfection reagent.The expression level of ACAT1 was detected by real time PCR.CFSE and transwell assays were used to evaluate the effect of ACAT1 gene interfering on cells proliferation,mi gration and invasion.Result ACAT1 mRNA expression decreased obviously after siRNA interference.Compared with pre-transfection,proliferation,migration and invasion of colon cancer cells have been significantly inhibited (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion ACAT1 gene interference reduced proliferation,migration and of invasion of HT29 cells,which provide a new potential target for colon cancer treatment.

AIMTo establish RP-HPLC method for determination of plasma scutellarin concentration and study of the pharmacokinetic behavior of scutellarin in rat after ig administration of breviscapine and its beta-cyclodextrin complex (breviscapine-beta-CD).

METHODSMobile phase composed of methanol and acetate buffer. The column was Shim-pack C18. Twelve rats randomized into 2 groups were separately given breviscapine and breviscapine-beta-CD at single dose of 10.8 mg.kg(-1). Drug in plasma was extracted and determined by HPLC. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3P97 software.

RESULTSLinearity was obtained over the range of 10-400 ng.mL(-1). The recovery was 95.32%-98.81%. C(max) and AUC(0-12 h) of breviscapine were (154 +/- 18) ng.mL(-1) and (710 +/- 126) ng.h.mL(-1). For breviscapine-beta-CD, C(max) and AUC(0-12 h) were (328 +/- 31) ng.mL(-1) and (1,093 +/- 200) ng.h.mL(-1), respectively. There were significant differences of AUC(0-12 h) between breviscapine and breviscapine-beta-CD (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe assay method was suitable for the determination of scutellarin plasma concentration in rat. Brevescapine-beta-CD showed greater absorption compared with that of brevescapine.

Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drug Compounding ; Erigeron ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; blood ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; beta-Cyclodextrins ; blood ; pharmacokinetics

Angelica polymorpha Maxim. is a plant of the Angelica genus (Umbelliferae). The root and stem of this plant is a folk medicine known to have the actions of relieving rheumatism and cold and subsiding swelling and pains. To investigate the chemical constituents in the root of A. polymorpha Maxim., seven compounds were isolated from an 80% ethanol extract by column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated according to the spectroscopic analysis. Compound 1 is a new sesquiterpene, named as bisabolactone. Its absolute configuration was determined by 1D NOESY and CD analysis. The others were identified as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (2), hycandinic acid ester 1 (3), ferulic acid (4), isooxypeucedanin (5), noreugenin (6) and cimifugin (7). Compound 2 and 3 were isolated from this genus for the first time and compound 4 was isolated from this plant for the first time.
Angelica ; chemistry ; Chromones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Coumaric Acids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Coumarins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Furaldehyde ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quinic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Sesquiterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) on ischemic preconditioning and pharmacological preconditioning.

METHODSCultured rat neonatal cardiomyocytes were randomly divided into 6 groups: (1) ischemia/reperfusion group (9 h ischemia followed by 1 h reperfusion, I/R), (2) ischemic preconditioning group (1.5 h ischemia/1 h reperfusion + I/R), (3) pharmacologic preconditioning group, adenosine (10 micromol/L) pretreated for 1 h + I/R, (4) calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) inhibitor KN-93 (0.5 micromol/L for 0.5 h) + ischemic preconditioning group, (5) KN-93 + pharmacologic preconditioning group, (6) control group. The leakage of intracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in various groups was determined by biochemical autoanalyzer. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was employed to measure the mRNA levels of sodium-calcium exchanger. Activity of sodium-calcium exchanger (Na(+)-dependent (45)Ca(2+) uptake) was measured by liquid scintillation counting.

RESULTS(1) Compared to the I/R group, the LDH leakages in both ischemic preconditioning group and pharmacologic preconditioning group were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) while significantly increased in the KN-93 + pharmacologic preconditioning group and the KN-93 + ischemic preconditioning group (P < 0.05). (2) The Na(+)-dependent (45)Ca(2+) uptake was significantly increased in the I/R group (P < 0.05) compared to control group and this increase could be significantly attenuated in ischemic preconditioning group and adenosine pretreatment group (P < 0.05). (3) The expression of NCX mRNA in I/R group was also significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the I/R group (P < 0.05) compared to control group and this increase could be significantly attenuated in ischemic preconditioning group and adenosine pretreatment group (P < 0.05), CaMKII inhibitor KN-93 significantly abolished these effects in preconditioning group (P < 0.05) and in adenosine pretreated group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNCX mediated the cardioprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning and pharmacological preconditioning in the neonatal cardiomyocytes I/R model.

Animals ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Cells, Cultured ; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; therapy ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger ; metabolism

Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of body fat content and basal metabolic rate among Xibo adults in Xinjiang and to explore the correlation between them. Methods The people aged between 35 and 70 were randomly selected to be the research object, and a total of 536 people (263 males and 273 females) were selected for the study. Subcutaneous fat, visceral fat, weight, stature, defat weight, body fat rate and basal metabolic rate were measured using the body composition analyzer. The correlation between body fat content and basal metabolic rate was studied by regression analysis, and regression equation coefficient was calculated. Results There were statistically significant in total fat, defate body weight and body fat percentage (P<0. 05) of different aged Xibo adults in Xinjiang, except for male visceral fat and female subcutaneous fat. There were statistically significant subcutaneous fat, total fat and body fat percentage(P<0. 05) between the sexes, except for visceral fat. The visceral fat content among Xibo adults in Xinjiang was negatively correlated with basal metabolic rate (P<0. 05). Conclusion Body lipid distribution is differences in different aged and gender among Xibo adults in Xinjiang. There is a negative correlation between visceral fat and basal metabolic rate.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical characteristics and pathogenesis of hematidrosis.

METHODSDetailed clinical manifestations and natural history of a patient with hematidrosis were presented. A series of laboratory examinations were performed, and skin pathohistologic features and ultra microscopic structures were observed.

RESULTSThe episodes of skin bleeding occurred on any site of the body spontaneously and promptly. The skin surface bloody extravasation has identical cell components as that of peripheral blood. All the results of laboratory tests were normal except a positive Trousseau's test. Skin pathohistological study revealed some intradermal bleeding and emphraxised capillaries. No abnormality was found in sweat glands, hair follicles and sebaceous glands.

CONCLUSIONThe pathological basis for hematidrosis might be a distinctive vasculitis.

Child ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; pathology ; Humans ; Skin ; blood supply ; pathology ; Skin Diseases ; pathology

Amniotic Fluid ; metabolism ; Biomarkers ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Embolism, Amniotic Fluid ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Keratin-13 ; metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Respiratory Aspiration ; metabolism ; pathology

BACKGROUNDXiaobuxin-Tang, a traditional Chinese herbal prescription recorded in a silk scroll unearthed from Mogao Caves of Dunhuang has been indicated that it can remit depressive disorder. The present study was designed to investigate its antidepressant effects in various animal depression models.

METHODSXiaobuxin-Tang was extracted by 70% alcohol, and then three behavioral despair models and 5-Hydroxytryptophan (HTP)-induced head twitch response model were adopted to assess the antidepressant effects of the ethanolic extract of Xiaobuxin-Tang with the study on spontaneous motor activity. Groups of mice and rats received oral treatment with Xiaobuxin-Tang (150 - 1200 mg/kg) only once acutely in all tests. The duration of immobility was measured during the last 4 minutes of the 6-minutes test period in mice forced swimming test, rats forced swimming test and mice tail suspension test. In 5-HTP-induced head twitch response, the mice were intraperitoneally administered with 120 mg/kg of L-5-HTP, and then the cumulative number of head twitches was counted in 20 minutes. Spontaneous motor activities of mice were recorded automatically in 10 minutes by VIDEOMEX-V image analytic system.

RESULTSThe extract at doses of 300 mg/kg (p.o.) and 600 mg/kg (p.o.) significantly decreased the duration of immobility time in a dose dependent manner in mice forced swimming test; also, the extract at dose of 1200 mg/kg (p.o.) significantly decreased the duration of immobility time in rat forced swimming test. Furthermore, the extract at a dose of 600 mg/kg had the same effect in mice tail suspension test. Meanwhile, the extract at the effective doses for behavioral despair models, had no effect on spontaneous motor activity in mice. The extract (300 - 1200 mg/kg, p.o.) also increased the accumulative number of the 5-HTP-induced head twitch response in mice in 20 minutes.

CONCLUSIONOur results suggested that the ethanolic extract of Xiaobuxin-Tang exerts antidepressant-like effect.

Animals ; Antidepressive Agents ; pharmacology ; Depression ; drug therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Hindlimb Suspension ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Motor Activity ; drug effects ; Swimming

OBJECTIVETo discuss the mechanism of rectal cancer apoptosis induced by preoperative chemoradiotherapy and evaluate its effect by detection of apoptosis related proteins in locally advanced colorectal cancer patients who had received preoperative chemoradiation.

METHODSTo detect Bcl-XL and Bax expression in rectal cancer before and after chemoradiotherapy by EnVision method, combined with patients clinical and pathological index, statistically analysis and evaluation their relationship and clinical significance.

RESULTSPatients with or without tumor shrinkage after preoperative chemoradiotherapy was 13 cases and 21 cases. While the positive rate of Bcl-XL in rectal cancer before and after chemoradiotherapy were 58.8% (20/34) and 52.9% (18/34), respectively. There were significant difference between Bcl-XL change before and after chemoradiation with tumor size, tumor cells shrinkage and operation pattern. The positive rate of Bax in rectal cancer before and after chemoradiotherapy were 32.4% (11/34) and 44.1% (15/34), respectively. There were no significant difference between Bax change before and after chemoradiotherapy with tumor cells shrinkage. There were statistically significant difference between Bax ratio (χ(2) = 9.607, P = 0.048) before and after chemoradiation while there were no significant difference between Bcl-XL/Bax ratio before and after chemoradiation with tumor shrinkage. According to layered analysis with preoperative therapy, there were statistically significant difference (χ(2) = 13.964, P = 0.007) between Bcl-XL change with operation pattern while the same of significant difference between Bax change with tumor infiltration and tumor shrinkage (χ(2) = 10.806 and 10.455, both P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPreoperative chemoradiation can influence rectal cancer cell's apoptosis and treatment effect by changing Bcl-XL and Bax expression. Bcl-XL downregulation and Bax upregulation have shown important function in colorectal cancer cell apoptosis which induced by preoperative chemoradiation, it can also improve the effection of chemoradiation in rectal cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Apoptosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Rectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; therapy ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism ; bcl-X Protein ; metabolism

BACKGROUNDSeveral studies have evaluated the association between polymorphisms of thymidylate synthase (TS) and cancer risk in diverse populations but with conflicting results. By pooling the relatively small samples in each study, it is possible to evaluate the association using a meta-analysis.

METHODSA comprehensive search was conducted to identify all case-control studies on TS on a 28-bp tandem repeats in 5'untranslated region (5'UTR) and a 6-bp insertion (ins) and deletion (del) mutation in 3'UTR of the gene and cancer risk. Meta-analysis was conducted using a fixed and random effect model.

RESULTSOur meta-analysis on a total of 13 307 cancer cases and 18 226 control subjects from 37 published case-control studies showed no significant association between the risk of cancer and the 5'UTR 28-bp tandem repeats polymorphism (3R/3R vs. 2R/2R: OR = 1.06, 95%CI, 0.93 - 1.20) or the 3'UTR 6-bp ins/del polymorphism (del6/del6 vs. ins6/ins6: OR = 0.93, 95%CI, 0.81 - 1.08) with significant between-study heterogeneity. In the cancer type- and ethnic subgroup-stratification analyses, we did not find any association between TS polymorphisms and cancer risk either.

CONCLUSIONTS 5'UTR 28-bp tandem repeats and 3'UTR 6-bp ins/del polymorphisms may not be associated with cancer risk.

3' Untranslated Regions ; genetics ; 5' Untranslated Regions ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics ; Tandem Repeat Sequences ; genetics ; Thymidylate Synthase ; genetics