This study was aimed at understanding the prevalence and influencing factors of food-borne parasitic diseases in ethnic minority areas of Guizhou Province,to provide a scientific basis for the development of appropriate intervention measures based on the human-animal-environment One Health concept.In 2023,the infection status of the human population,reservoir hosts,intermediate hosts,food-borne parasitic diseases,and related social and environmental factors were investigated in Congjiang County in Qidongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture;Luodian County in Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture;and Ceheng County in Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture.At least 1 000 individuals were sampled from each county,along with at least 50 insect-protected host samples from each location.Food-borne parasite infections were detected with the modified Kato thick smear method.A questionnaire survey was administered to the population.Detection of food-borne parasitic metacercariae was performed in intermediate host fish through the flaking and digestion method,and in crabs through the pounding and sedimentation method.The chi-square test was used to compare rates,and logistic regression was applied for multivariate analysis.A total of 3 023 questionnaires and fecal samples were collected.Males accounted for 47.50%,females accounted for 52.50%,and members of ethnic minorities accounted for 96.06%.A total of 186 food-borne parasitic infections were identified,and the infection rate was 6.15%.Five insect species were detected,which showed an infection rate of 5.39%.The infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis was 0.33%,that of Taenia was 0.40%,that of Heteroceles was 0.17%,that of Acanthus was 0.17%,and that of Echinostoma was 0.03%.Human infections with Echinostomus colloides and Echinostomia transferoris had not previously been reported in China.Single-factor analysis revealed statistically significant differences in food-borne parasite infections according to various factors,including the consumption of untreated water,raw fish and shrimp,raw pig blood,raw cow gastric juice,and raw pork and beef,as well as raw pig and cow viscera(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis indicated that the risk factors for food-borne parasite infections among residents in minority areas of Guizhou Province included the consumption of raw pig blood(OR=2.841,95%CI:1.809-4.463),raw cow gastric juice(OR=2.122,95%CI:1.297-3.469),and raw fish and shrimp(OR=1.779,95%CI:1.049-3.018).A total of 173 fecal samples of the reservoir host were examined,which showed a rate of food-borne parasite infection of 5.2%.A total of 510 intermediate host fish were examined,which showed a 4.51%positivity rate of encysted metacercaria of Clonorchis sinensis.The crab,pig,and beef samples were not positive.In conclusion,food-borne parasitic infections were prevalent in ethnic minority regions of Guizhou Province,and consumption of raw food were influencing factors.A focus on populations with raw food consumption habits,including raw pig blood,cow gastric juice,fish and shrimp,is essential.Concurrently,monitoring of animal hosts must be strengthened to perform key interventions according to the One Health concept.

This study was aimed at understanding the prevalence and influencing factors of food-borne parasitic diseases in ethnic minority areas of Guizhou Province,to provide a scientific basis for the development of appropriate intervention measures based on the human-animal-environment One Health concept.In 2023,the infection status of the human population,reservoir hosts,intermediate hosts,food-borne parasitic diseases,and related social and environmental factors were investigated in Congjiang County in Qidongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture;Luodian County in Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture;and Ceheng County in Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture.At least 1 000 individuals were sampled from each county,along with at least 50 insect-protected host samples from each location.Food-borne parasite infections were detected with the modified Kato thick smear method.A questionnaire survey was administered to the population.Detection of food-borne parasitic metacercariae was performed in intermediate host fish through the flaking and digestion method,and in crabs through the pounding and sedimentation method.The chi-square test was used to compare rates,and logistic regression was applied for multivariate analysis.A total of 3 023 questionnaires and fecal samples were collected.Males accounted for 47.50%,females accounted for 52.50%,and members of ethnic minorities accounted for 96.06%.A total of 186 food-borne parasitic infections were identified,and the infection rate was 6.15%.Five insect species were detected,which showed an infection rate of 5.39%.The infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis was 0.33%,that of Taenia was 0.40%,that of Heteroceles was 0.17%,that of Acanthus was 0.17%,and that of Echinostoma was 0.03%.Human infections with Echinostomus colloides and Echinostomia transferoris had not previously been reported in China.Single-factor analysis revealed statistically significant differences in food-borne parasite infections according to various factors,including the consumption of untreated water,raw fish and shrimp,raw pig blood,raw cow gastric juice,and raw pork and beef,as well as raw pig and cow viscera(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis indicated that the risk factors for food-borne parasite infections among residents in minority areas of Guizhou Province included the consumption of raw pig blood(OR=2.841,95%CI:1.809-4.463),raw cow gastric juice(OR=2.122,95%CI:1.297-3.469),and raw fish and shrimp(OR=1.779,95%CI:1.049-3.018).A total of 173 fecal samples of the reservoir host were examined,which showed a rate of food-borne parasite infection of 5.2%.A total of 510 intermediate host fish were examined,which showed a 4.51%positivity rate of encysted metacercaria of Clonorchis sinensis.The crab,pig,and beef samples were not positive.In conclusion,food-borne parasitic infections were prevalent in ethnic minority regions of Guizhou Province,and consumption of raw food were influencing factors.A focus on populations with raw food consumption habits,including raw pig blood,cow gastric juice,fish and shrimp,is essential.Concurrently,monitoring of animal hosts must be strengthened to perform key interventions according to the One Health concept.

Objective To explore the effects of standardized environmental enrichment(EE)on cognitive function and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)levels in patients with post-stroke dementia.Methods A prospective study was conducted,including 80 patients with post-stroke dementia admitted to Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation,910th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA from January 2021 to May 2023.Patients were randomly divided into control group,cognitive training(COG)group,aerobic exercise training(AE)group and environmental enrichment(EE)group,with 20 cases in each group.All patients received routine treatment,with COG group receiving additional cognitive function training(30 minutes each time),AE group receiving additional aerobic exercise training(30 minutes each time),and EE group receiving both aerobic exercise and cognitive function training(15 minutes of aerobic exercise training and 15 minutes of cognitive training each time).The training was conducted once a day,5 days a week,for a total of 8 weeks.The patients'mini-mental state scale(MMSE),modified Barthel index(MBI),Hamilton depression scale(HAMD),stroke-specific quality of life(SS-QOL)score and serum levels of BDNF were assessed before treatment,at 4 weeks and 8 weeks of treatment,respectively.Results Before treatment,there were no significant differences in general information,MMSE,MBI,HAMD,SS-QOL scores,and serum levels of BDNF among the four groups(P＞0.05).After 4 and 8 weeks of treatment,the above indicators of the four groups were improved compared with those before treatment,with all differences being statistically significant(P＜0.05).Inter-group comparison showed that after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment,MMSE,MBI,SS-QOL scores,and serum BDNF levels in COG,AE and EE groups were significantly higher than those in control group,and HAMD scores were significantly lower than those in control group(P＜0.05).In addition,MMSE,MBI,SS-QOL scores and BDNF levels of group EE were better than those of other 3 groups,while HAMD scores were lower than those of other 3 groups,with all differences being statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in above outcome indicators between COG group and AE group after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment(P＞0.05).Conclusion Standardized enrichment environment can significantly enhance cognitive function,daily living abilities of post-stroke dementia patients,alleviate depression symptoms,and improve the quality of life,which may be related to the increase in serum BDNF levels.

Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of different anticoagulants in patients with indications for anticoagulation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Methods: This is a retrospective study. Patients who underwent TAVR from April 2016 to February 2022 in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and had indications for anticoagulation were included and divided into two groups according to the type of anticoagulants, i.e. non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) and warfarin, and patients were followed up for 30 days. The primary endpoint was the combination of death, stroke, myocardial infarction, valve thrombosis, intracardiac thrombosis and major bleeding. The incidence of endpoints was compared between two groups, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to adjust the bias of potential confounders. Results: A total of 80 patients were included. Mean age was (74.4±7.1) years, 43 (53.8%) were male. Forty-nine (61.3%) patients used NOAC, 31 used warfarin, and major indication for anticoagulants was atrial fibrillation (76/80, 95.0%). The adjusted risks of the primary endpoint (OR=0.23, 95%CI 0.06-0.94, P=0.040) of NOAC were lower than that of warfarin, mainly driven by a lower risk of major bleeding (OR=0.19, 95%CI 0.04-0.92, P=0.039). Conclusions: The short-term outcome of NOAC is better than that of warfarin in patients with indications for anticoagulation after TAVR. Randomized controlled trials of large sample size with long-term follow-up are needed to further testify this finding.
Humans ; Male ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use* ; Warfarin/therapeutic use* ; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement ; Retrospective Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Stroke/epidemiology* ; Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy* ; Treatment Outcome ; Administration, Oral

Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of different anticoagulants in patients with indications for anticoagulation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Methods: This is a retrospective study. Patients who underwent TAVR from April 2016 to February 2022 in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and had indications for anticoagulation were included and divided into two groups according to the type of anticoagulants, i.e. non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) and warfarin, and patients were followed up for 30 days. The primary endpoint was the combination of death, stroke, myocardial infarction, valve thrombosis, intracardiac thrombosis and major bleeding. The incidence of endpoints was compared between two groups, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to adjust the bias of potential confounders. Results: A total of 80 patients were included. Mean age was (74.4±7.1) years, 43 (53.8%) were male. Forty-nine (61.3%) patients used NOAC, 31 used warfarin, and major indication for anticoagulants was atrial fibrillation (76/80, 95.0%). The adjusted risks of the primary endpoint (OR=0.23, 95%CI 0.06-0.94, P=0.040) of NOAC were lower than that of warfarin, mainly driven by a lower risk of major bleeding (OR=0.19, 95%CI 0.04-0.92, P=0.039). Conclusions: The short-term outcome of NOAC is better than that of warfarin in patients with indications for anticoagulation after TAVR. Randomized controlled trials of large sample size with long-term follow-up are needed to further testify this finding.
Humans ; Male ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use* ; Warfarin/therapeutic use* ; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement ; Retrospective Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Stroke/epidemiology* ; Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy* ; Treatment Outcome ; Administration, Oral

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the bioequivalence and safety of two k inds of Nadroparin calcium injection in healthy Chinese volunteers by subcutaneous injection. METHODS According to the block randomization method ，24 Chinese healthy adult volunteers were included and divided into TR （test preparation-reference preparation ）group and RT （reference preparation-test preparation）group at a ratio of 1∶1. A randomized ，open-labelled，single-dose and two-cycle crossover study was designed ，the fasting subjects of two groups were given test or reference preparation 6 150 AⅩaIU subcutaneously on the first day of each cycle and exchanged in the second cycle ，and the wash-out period was 7 days. The blood samples were collected at different time points before and after administration. The activity of anti-coagulant factor Ⅹa（Anti-Ⅹa）and Anti- Ⅱa in human plasma were determined by chromogenic substrate method ，and the pharmacodynamic parameters were calculated according to the non-atrioventricular model and the bioequivalence was evaluated. The occurrence of adverse events （AEs）was recorded. RESULTS After administration ，the main pharmacodynamic parameters for Anti- Ⅹa activity of test preparation and reference preparation were as follows ：t1/2 were（4.87±1.06） and（4.03±1.00）h，tmax were 4.50（2.00，8.00）and 5.50（2.50，8.00）h，Anti-Ⅹamax were（0.66±0.12）and（0.56±0.11）IU/mL；main pharmacodynamic parameters of Anti- Ⅱa activity of two preparations were as follows ：t1/2 were（3.64±1.60）and（5.74±7.23）h，tmax were 4.00（2.50，8.00）and 4.00（2.00，8.00）h，Anti-Ⅱamax were both （0.10±0.03）IU/mL. The values of 90％confidence interval of geometric mean ratio of Anti- Ⅹamax，AUEC0－t and AUEC 0－∞ were 110.98％-123.50％，112.11％-121.24％and 111.57％-120.00％， respectively. During experiment ，14 subjects reported 19 cases of mild AEs ，among which hematoma ，purpura and maculopapular rash may be related to drugs ；no serious AEs were observed. CONCLUSIONS The domestic Nadroparin calcium injection is bioequivalent to the reference preparation ，and both of them show good safety.

Cadaver ; Foramen Ovale ; Humans ; Punctures ; Robotics ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

ObjectiveTo explore the occurrence， in vitro culture effect and clinical outcomes of embryo contamination during in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer （IVF-ET） cycles. MethodsA retrospective analysis was made on the embryo contamination cases during IVF-ET treatment at Reproductive Medicine Centre， Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology， Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital， Sun Yat-sen University from January 2010 to December 2020. We compared the contamination of 4 different insemination methods， contamination on 3 different in vitro culture days （D1， D2， D3） and contamination of 3 different samples （follicular fluid， semen and culture medium）. The source of contamination and types of microbes were identified. We also compared in vitro culture and clinical outcomes between two groups （42 cases of all embryos contaminated and 28 cases of partial embryos contaminated）. ResultsAmong the 29 583 cycles examined， 70 cycles had microbial contamination （0.24%）， and all contaminated embryos were from in vitro fertilization （IVF） source rather than intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） source. The contamination rate on D2 was the highest （54.3%）， followed by those on D1 （32.9%） and D3 （12.9%）. Compared with follicular fluid， semen is the most common source of contamination from D1-D3. The most common contaminants identified was Enterococcus faecalis in follicular fluid （18.0%）， while it was Escherichia coli in semen （59.6%） and culture medium （66.7%）. Moreover， the types of bacteria in culture medium were not consistent with those in follicular fluid and semen in 5 cases of microbial contamination. Compared with the Total contaminated group， the Partial contaminated group showed a significant decrease in No available embryo rates （6/28 vs. 34/42， 21.4% vs. 81.0%， P<0.001） and a rising trend in formation of blastocyst rates （5/12 vs. 2/7， 41.2% vs. 28.6%， P=0.656）， meanwhile， the clinical pregnancy cases and live births cases after transplantation of fresh and frozen-thawed cycles in Partial contaminated group were higher than those in the Total contaminated group. ConclusionICSI can effectively reduce embryo contamination. Embryo contamination mainly occurred on D2 in vitro culture and the most common contamination source is Escherichia coli in semen. Partial embryo contamination may still result in good in vitro culture effect and clinical outcomes during IVF-ET cycles.

OBJECTIVE: To report an overview of bariatric & metabolic surgery performed in 2018 in North China. METHODS: Based on prospective and observational North China Bariatric & Metabolic Surgery Clinical Database(NC-BMD), the study of evaluating the number and the type of bariatric &metabolic surgery procedures was performed in North China. Demographic characteristic, obesityrelated diseases and operational information were also analyzed. RESULTS: In 2018, 17 centers from 7 regions in North China contributed a total of 728 registration data. Valid data were analyzed from 16 centers. The patients' median (minimum, maximum) BMI pre-surgery was 38.4(24.7,95.2). The overall proportion of female patients was 74.7%, and mean±SD age was(32.5±8.29) years, while male patients was 25.3%, and mean±SD age was (32.7±9.90) years. According the data 93.9% laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG), 4.4% laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) and 1.7% other operation types. 29.2% of patients had a history of type 2 diabetes, 69.4% had sleep apnea, and 22.6% had polycystic ovary syndrome before operation. CONCLUSION: The establishment of NC-BMD has laid a solid foundation for data registration in North China. Based on current data, LSG is the mainstream of bariatric and metabolic surgery in North China this year.

The paper takes literature in the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) field in Web of Science and " China Academic Journal Network Publishing Database" as its study subject,draws scientific knowledge map with EXCEL,CiteSpace on data like high-frequency keywords and burst terms and analyzes study hotspots and evolution trend.It suggests that HTA theoretical system be perfected,study be converted into demonstration and study cooperation be strengthened to promote study and development of China's HTA.