From Nov. 1999 to April 2000, at Ha Noi Centre of Vereno-Dermatology, 365 samples isolated from patients of all ranges of age were studied, using the procedures of antibiogramme to determine the sensitivity of antibiotics to blennorrhagic agent. Results: 65 positive cases (17.8%), among them patients aged 16-40 account for highest positive rate (27.3%). Gonococcus has relatively high resistance to Penicillin (75.4%), then tetracyclin (21.5%), ciprofloxacin (6.2%). The resistance to Kanamycin (18.5%), Nalidizic acide (10.8%), Chloramphenicol (7.7%), Erythromycine (1.5%) were recorded. Multiresistance to 2 antibiotics had the highest rate: PG-TE (16.9%), PG-KA (15.4%), to 3 antibiotics PG-KA-NA (4.6%) was noted. There is no resistance to Ceftriaxon, Spectinomycin, Cephalexin
Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; Neisseria ; Gonorrhea

From 1992 to 2001, penicillin resistance of betalactamase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae was supervised by Institute of Dermato-Venereology. Results: the rate of penicillin-resistant gonococcal strains was highest in1995 (about 76%), and in 1996 (73.11%), especially in 3 years (1999-2001) this rate decreased significantly: 51.3%, 47.10%, and 35.54%, respectively
Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; Neisseria ; penicillinase

Study on 943 patients with syndrome of exudate urethrovaginal, conjunctiva pus at National of Dermatology and venerology Hospital. Isolated 135 types of gonococci (14,31% positive). Using transplant and isolate bacterium techique on blood agar for antibiotic draft. Find out resistant to antibiotic rate of gonococci in Hanoi quite high in most of tested antibiotics. Penicillin was most of resistanced antibiotic 75,55, tetracyclin was 20,74%. In Ha noi occurred types of multi resistance gonococci with 2 antibiotic and 3 antibiotic. Not find any gonococci which resistant to spectinomycin and ceftriaxon in Hanoi
Epidemiology ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; diagnosis

In 1982, we reported a case of recalcitrant urethritis caused by a strain of spectinomycin resistant PPNG. It caused a great fear that it might be the signal of an end of spectinomycin era, The disk-prediffusion method was used on all isolates from the Choong-Ku VD Clinic between August 1984 and December 1985 to screen out strains of N. gonorrhoeize resistant to spectinomycin, with disks containing 100pg of spectinomycin, Strains with inhibition zone greater tha.n 25 mm were considered susceptible, We could not disclose a single strain which wa.s resistant to spectinornycin, The reason why we do not see any more of spectinomycin. N. gonorrhoeae requires some speculation, It is possible that the mutant which had resistant to spectinornycin might not have teen quite stable and, after series of passage through human hosts, mutated back to original spectinornycin sensitive states. It is suggested that continual surveillance for spectinomycin resistant N. gonorrhoeae should be conducted.
Adolescent ; Humans ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae* ; Neisseria* ; Spectinomycin* ; Urethritis

Penicillinase producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG) have been reported from various cauntries throughout the world. We have been tr ying to assess the prevalence of PPNG in Korea since May, 1980 by means of chromogenic cephalosporin method. The total number of isolated Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains in 1983 was 733, among which 679 were tested for p-lactamase production, among which 178(26. 2%) were PPNGs. In 1984, 791 strains were isolated, among which 214(27.1%) were PPNGs. In all, 392(26.7%) strains were found to be PPNGs arnong 1470 Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains tested between 1983-1984.
Korea* ; Neisseria ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; Penicillinase ; Prevalence* ; Seoul*

In the year 1997, at the National Institute of Dermato-Venerology, 2025 patients with the syndrome of vaginal and excretion underwent direct examinations and bacterial culture. Their 156 (7.7%) had positive reactions of blenorrhagy. Test of sensitivity on 156 strains of isolated gonoccoccus to antibiotics showed a rate of resistance to penicillin of 76.92%, tetracyclin 35.9%. All the isolated strains were sensitive to ceftriaxone 100%, spectinomycine 100% and 98.44% to cephalothine, 95.51% to chloramphenicol, 93.42% to ciprofloxacine. There was a PPNG rate of 64.2%
Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Neisseria

Effects of environmental (cold) stress and aging on cells in monocyte/macrophage lineage were investigated. We demonstrated that immune suppressive states seen in acute cold-stressed mice (8-10 weeks of age) is attributable to FcγRIIbright suppressor macrophages. Serum corticosterone levels were markedly increased in acute cold-stressed mice. In addition, expression of glucocorticoids (GC) receptor mRNA was observed in FcγRIIbright cells from these mice. The increase of FcγRIIbright cells in peritoneal exudate cells caused by acute cold stress was inhibited by adrenalectomy or administration of a saturating amount of the GC antagonist RU 38486 (mifepristone). On the contrary, administration of the GC agonist, dexamethasone, markedly increased the proportion of FcγRIIbright cells in peritoneal exudate cells of control mice. These results suggest that the generation of FcγRIIbright suppressor cells of monocyte/macrophage lineage by acute cold stress was mediated by action of GC through the GC receptor. We likewise found that the proportion of FcγRIIbright suppressor macrophages is increased in aged mice (22-24 months of age). Meanwhile, activated macrophages which function as antigen presenting cells were decreased in aged rats. Both the basal corticosterone concentrations in serum and the expression of mRNA for GC receptor in peritoneal macrophages increased significantly in aged animals, suggesting that these populational and functional changes of macrophages in aged animals were mediated, in part, by the increased basal levels of GC. This is probably being responsible for immunosenescence.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; Laboratory mice ; Acute ; Macrophages ; receptor

No abstract available.
Antibodies* ; Chlamydia trachomatis* ; Chlamydia* ; Humans ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae* ; Neisseria* ; Prevalence*

No abstract available.
Antibodies* ; Chlamydia trachomatis* ; Chlamydia* ; Humans ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae* ; Neisseria* ; Prevalence*

BACKGROUND: Although the culture of urethral discharge using a cutton swab is regarded as one of the most sensitive and reliable diagnostic methods of gonorrhea, it may give pain or diagnostic methods of gonorrhea, it may give pain or discomfort to patients, and its detection rate may be influenced by the examiner's technical ability. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the positive culture rates between ure4thral discharge and urinary sediment for the diagnosing of Neisseria gonorrheae. METHODS: We compared this technique with the culture of urethral discharge using the specimens from 357 male patients with gonococcal infection at VD clinic of Jungku Pvblic Health center in Seoul from Jan 1991 to Jun 1993. RESULTS: The culture of urinary sediment was positive in 339 of 357(94.95), whereas the culture of urethral discharge was positive in 346 of 357(96.95). However, these data have no statistical significance(P<0.05). The obe observed sensitivity and specificity of culture of urinary sediment comjpared to culture of urethral discharge were 97.75 and 90.9%, respectively. The predictive value of positive and negative test compared to the culture of urethral discharge were 99.7% and 55.65, respectively. As our data showed low negative predictive value, a negative culture result of urinary sediment does not always imply a negative culture result of urethral discharge. CONCLUSION: Therefore, at present, the previous method of the culture of urethral discharge is more highly recommended and further studies for this diagnostic and/or new method of gonorrhea based on larger group of patients is encouraged.
Gonorrhea ; Humans ; Male ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae* ; Neisseria* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Seoul