Endoscopy ; Humans ; Nasal Polyps ; drug therapy ; surgery

Humans ; Nasal Polyps ; drug therapy ; physiopathology

Biological Products ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Nasal Polyps/drug therapy* ; Rhinitis/drug therapy* ; Sinusitis/drug therapy*

Humans ; Biological Products ; Nasal Polyps/drug therapy* ; Chronic Disease ; Sinusitis/drug therapy*

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps （CRSwNP） remains the most difficult-to-treat subtype in the world. Biologics have shown positive results, especially in reducing nasal polyp size and improving patient-reported outcomes. The development of biologics has the potential to fulfill the unmet medical needs of treatment.
Humans ; Biological Products/therapeutic use* ; Rhinitis/drug therapy* ; Nasal Polyps/drug therapy* ; Sinusitis/drug therapy* ; Cytokines ; Chronic Disease

Neuroblastomas are sometimes associated with abnormal constitutional karyotypes, but the XYY karyotype has been rarely described in neuroblastomas. Here, we report a case of an esthesioneuroblastoma in a boy with a 47, XYY karyotype. A 6-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital because of nasal obstruction and palpable cervical lymph node, which he first noticed several days previously. A polypoid mass in the right nasal cavity was detected through sinuscopy. Biopsy of the right nasal polyp was performed. Based on the result, the patient was diagnosed with a high-grade esthesioneuroblastoma. Nuclear imaging revealed increased uptake in both the right posterior nasal cavity and the right cervical IB-II space, suggesting metastatic lymph nodes. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a 47, XYY karyotype. Twelve courses of concurrent chemotherapy were administered. Three years after the completion of chemotherapy, the patient had had no disease recurrence. He manifested behavioral violence and temper tantrums, so we started methylphenidate for correction of the behavior.
Biopsy ; Child ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Cytogenetic Analysis ; Drug Therapy ; Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory* ; Humans ; Karyotype ; Lymph Nodes ; Male* ; Methylphenidate ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Obstruction ; Nasal Polyps ; Neuroblastoma ; Recurrence ; Violence ; XYY Karyotype*

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of Eotaxin and Eotaxin-2 in nasal polyp and observe the effects of steroids on Eotaxin and Eotaxin-2 in nasal polyps. METHOD: The SP immunohistochemical method was applied to explore the expression of Eotaxin and Eotaxin-2 in nasal polyps before and after systemic corticosteroids therapy; the optical density of positive cells were measured by using HPIAL-2000 image-conduct system. RESULT: The expression of Eotaxin and Eotaxin 2 were positive in mucosal epithelia, vascular endothelial, glandular epithelium, and inflammatory cells. After corticosteroids use, the number of eosinophils, the expression of Eotaxin in mucosal epithelia, inflammatory cells and vascular endothelial, and the expression of Eotaxin-2 in mucosal epithelia were significantly decreased (P<0.05). The steroids affected the expression of on Eotaxin-2 in mucosal epithelia of nasal polyps mostly. CONCLUSION 1) The expression of Eotaxin and Eotaxin-2 in nasal polyp are positive. 2) The effects of steroid on the nasal polyps may depend on decreasing the infiltration of eosinophils and the expression of Eotaxin and Eotaxin-2.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; pharmacology ; Adult ; Chemokine CCL11 ; metabolism ; Chemokine CCL24 ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Mucosa ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Nasal Polyps ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective: To investigate the short-term efficacy of anti-IgE monoclonal antibody (Omalizumab) in the treatment of recurrent chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) complicated with asthma. Methods: Patients with recurrent CRSwNP and comorbid asthma in Beijing TongRen Hospital from May to December of 2020 were continuously recruited and received a 4-month therapy of stable background treatment plus Omalizumab. Results of visual analog scales (VAS) of nasal symptoms, sino-nasal outcome test-22 (SNOT 22) and nasal polyp scores were collected at baseline and post-treatment (1, 2, 3 and 4 months after treatment). Blood routine tests, total nasal resistances (TNR), minimum cross-sectional areas (MCA), total nasal cavity volumes (NCV), forced expiratory volumes in one second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) and adverse events were collected at baseline and 4 months after treatment. All results were evaluated for short-term efficacy of Omalizumab. GraphPad Prism 8.2.1 was used for statistic analysis. Results: Ten patients were collected, including 3 males and 7 females, aged (41.13±12.64) years old (x¯±s). Compared to results at baseline, the VAS scores of nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, hyposmia and headache after 4 months treatment were significantly decreased (1.80±1.48 vs 6.70±2.83, 2.40±1.27 vs 6.40±3.44, 2.70±2.91 vs 8.20±2.25, 0.60±1.08 vs 3.60±2.72, t value was 5.045, 4.243, 5.312, 3.402, respectively, all P<0.01). The scores of SNOT-22 (25.6±20 vs 61.3±33.32, t=4.127, P=0.002 6), nasal polyp scores (2.20±0.92 vs 4.60±0.84, t=9.000, P<0.01) and the count and percentage of eosinophils in peripheral blood were significantly decreased ((94.10±97.78)×10⁹/L vs (360.00±210.80)×10⁹/L, (32.90±27.06)% vs (64.40±20.73)%, t value was 3.678, 2.957, respectively, all P<0.05). NCV (0-5 cm and 0-7 cm) of patients were improved from baseline ((12.62±2.84) cm³ vs (10.40±2.09) cm³, (27.50±14.15) cm³ vs (16.81±6.40) cm³, t value was 2.371, 2.445, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusions: The 4-month treatment of Omalizumab can significantly improve the nasal symptoms and quality of life of patients with recurrent CRSwNP complicated with asthma, shrink nasal polyps size and reduce the number of peripheral blood eosinophils. Omalizumab can be used as an alternative therapy for refractory CRSwNP patients in the future.
Adult ; Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic ; Asthma/drug therapy* ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Polyps/drug therapy* ; Omalizumab/therapeutic use* ; Quality of Life ; Rhinitis/drug therapy*

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of systemic corticosteroids on the expression of Eotaxin in nasal polyps. METHOD: The SP immunohistochemical methods were applied to detected the expression of Eotaxin in nasal polyps before and after corticosteroids therapy. The optical density of positive cells in mucosal epithelia, vascular endothelia, inflammatory cells was measured by using HPIAS-2000 image-conduct system. RESULT: The expression of Eotaxin was positive in the cytoplasm of the mucosal epithelia,the inflammatory cells and the vascular endothelia in nasal polyps. The expression of Eotaxin was significantly reduced in the mucosal epithelia, the inflammatory cells and the vascular endothelia of nasal polyps after treated with corticosteroids compared with pre-treated. CONCLUSION Inhibiting the expression of Eotaxin in mucosal epithelia, inflammatory cells and vascular endothelia of nasal polyps, reducing recruitment and activation of eosinophil and relieving eosinophil inflammatory reaction in nasal polyps may be one of mechanisms of systemic corticosteroids therapy on the nasal polyps.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; therapeutic use ; Chemokine CCL11 ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Polyps ; drug therapy ; metabolism

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Recently, there has been an increase in olfactory disorders due to many etiologies. Many therapeutic methods have been tried with some favorable results. Some of the therapeutic methods are functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), oral and topical steroids, and other pharmacologic therapies (vitamin A, aminophylline, zinc sulfate, etc). In this study, we tried to find out the transition of olfactory recovery in patients with olfactory disturbance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-one patients with olfactory disturbance were studied. There were 25 patients who had chronic sinusitis with nasal polyp, 10 patients who had chronic sinusitis without nasal polyp, 12 patients who had upper respiratory infection, 5 patients who had congenital disorder, 4 patients who had head trauma, and 5 patients who had nasal septal deviation. Chronic sinusitis was treated by functional endoscopic sinus surgery, nasal septal deviation was treated by septoplasty and others were treated by drug therapy and topical steroid. The degree of olfactory disturbance and recovery was scored with a KVSS test (Korean Version of Sniffin Sticks test) prior to treatment and also three and six months after the treatment. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients with chronic sinusitis with nasal polyp (84%) showed improvement of olfaction on the third postoperative month, and 6 months later (p<0.01). Seven patients with chronic sinusitis without nasal polyp (70%) also showed improvement of olfaction (p<0.01). But seven patients with upper respiratory tract infection (58%) did not show significant improvement of olfaction, and it would be necessary to follow up these patients longer. Patients with congenital disorder, nasal septal deviaton, and head trauma did not show significant improvement of olfaction. CONCLUSION: The mentioned test can aid in investigating the etiology of olfactory disturbance, and in accurately assessing the degree of the olfactory disturbance.
Aminophylline ; Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Nasal Polyps ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Sinusitis ; Smell ; Steroids ; Zinc Sulfate