No abstract available.
Nasal Bone*

No abstract available.
Nasal Bone*

No abstract available.
Nasal Bone*

Nasal bone fracture is the most common fracture among facial fractures. The nasal bone fracture has a very complex and infinitive variety but often is undermanaged only by closed reduction. The prognosis and outcome after operation had been reported by many surgeons and it's result is dependant upon many factors such as etiology, experience of surgeons, type of anesthesia and maintenance of fixation after surgery. In our study, we have grouped our fractures as favorable and unfavorable fractures. Favorable fractures are simple fractures that are easily reduced by closed reduction, whereas unfavorable fractures were fractures that remain unstable after reduction. In our opinion, the method of reduction and fixation after reduction plays an important role in unfavdrable fracture. We applied a new method of external fixation for unfavorable fractures After closed reduction to gain optimal reduction and maintenance.
Anesthesia ; Nasal Bone* ; Prognosis

No abstract available.
Fingers* ; Nasal Bone*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Traditionally nasal bone fracture repair has been performed separately with more refined septorhinoplasty being reserved until all edema and other acute effects of nasal injury have regressed or stabilized. However a question arise whether more involved septorhinoplasty procedures could be done at the same time as nasal bone fracture reduction. But little literature were found in the outcomes. We studied the clinical outcomes of patients that rhinoplasty was performed concomitantly with nasal bone fracture reduction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 20 patients that septorhinoplasty were performed concomitantly with nasal bone fracture reduction. Doctor's and patient's satisfaction was investigated after minimal 6 months later using visual analogue scale. Operative methods and complications were studied. All results were statistically confirmed. RESULTS: Generally post-operative result was satisfied. But, in a patient with severe fracture, 2nd rhinoplasty was performed for proper correction. Other complications were not found. CONCLUSION: We concluded that septorhinoplasty procedures was done at the same time as nasal bone fracture reduction showed good result in selective cases.
Edema ; Humans ; Nasal Bone* ; Rhinoplasty*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The nasal septum, centrally located in the nasal cavity, has dynamic relations with other craniofacial structures and is also influenced by them during development. Moreover, the mosaic structure of the septum is constituted through ossification. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anatomical characteristics of the deviated nasal septum with preoperative computed tomography (CT) and calculations during surgery. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: We studied 62 patients with nasal septal deviation on one side, who underwent septoplasty between July 2008 and February 2009. The area of the septal cartilage, vomer, and perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone was calculated with sagittal imaging using preoperative CT. The angle of deviation was also measured with coronal imaging. The length between the anterior nasal spine and sphenoidal sinus and that of the sphenoidal process was measured during surgery. RESULTS: The deviation angle increased significantly with the length of the sphenoidal process (p<0.01). The area of the septal cartilage decreased with age due to the progression of ossification. CONCLUSION: Nasal septal deviation without a history of trauma is influenced by the progression of nasal septal ossification.
Bone Development ; Cartilage ; Ethmoid Bone ; Humans ; Nasal Cartilages ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Septum ; Spine ; Vomer

OBJECTIVES: The keystone area has critical importance in maintaining the stability of the nasal dorsum. However, overlap patterns between structural components in the keystone area have rarely been studied, especially in the noses of Koreans. METHODS: Dissections were performed on 18 cadaveric noses. The length and width of the structural components in the keystone area were measured. The shape of the caudal margin of the nasal bone and the overlap patterns between the upper lateral cartilage and the nasal bone were classified. RESULTS: The shape of the caudal margin of the nasal bone were classified as follows: type A, curvilinear margin; type B, paramedian retractions or "M" shape; type C, elongated midline; and type D, retracted midline. The overlap area between the upper lateral cartilage and the nasal bone was classified as follows: type Ao, crescent shape; type Bo, short midline extension; and type Co, long midline extension. The cephalocaudal length of the overlap area between the upper lateral cartilage and the nasal bone was 4-10 mm (mean, 7 mm) in the midline, and 0-7 mm (mean, 3.1 mm) in the paramedian area. The overlap width of the upper lateral cartilage with the nasal bone was 8-14 mm (mean, 9.7 mm). CONCLUSION: The overlap pattern of the structural components in the keystone area is variable. Therefore, a thorough understanding and a cautious evaluation of the relationships of these components before and during surgery is important in performing safe and effective nasal procedures.
Cadaver ; Cartilage ; Nasal Bone ; Nasal Septum ; Nose ; Rhinoplasty

PURPOSE: Several authors reported about the post- traumatic nasal aesthetic complications. However, the studies for functional or intra-nasal complications have been rarely reported. The aim of this study is to observe the incidence of intranasal synechia. METHODS: We reviewed the data from 401 consecutive patients with nasal bone fracture from september 2006 to December 2007. We enforced evaluation with preoperative CT in all patients but postoperative CT within complicated patients. We classified the nasal bone fracture according to the anatomy and severity of fracture. Type I is nasal tip fracture(15%, n=59), Type II is simple lateral without septal injury(38%, n=152), Type III is simple lateral with septal injury(23%, n=92), Type IV is closed comminuted(20%, n=82), Type V is open comminuted or complicated(4%, n=16). We studied 98 patients with nasal bone fracture who had postoperative symptoms or underwent postoperative endoscopic evaluation. And then we evaluated the postoperative endoscopic finding and nasal synechal formation after operation. RESULTS: The incidence of intranasal synechiae was 15%(n=62). According to the endoscopic findings, the incidence of intranasal synechiae was 10%(n=6) in Type I, 8%(n=12) in Type II, 16%(n=15) in Type III, 24%(n= 20) in Type IV, and 56%(n=9) in Type V, respectively. Additionally, the incidence of subjective nasal obstruction and olfactory dysfunction is 18%(n=72) and 13%(n= 51), while the incidence of symptomatic synechiae of nasal obstruction and olfactory dysfunction is 92%(57/ 62) and 55%(34/62). CONCLUSION: We identified relatively high prevalence of nasal obstruction and olfactory dysfunction in nasal synechiae. Based on the results of this study, intranasal synechiae really caused airway obstruction(92%). Our data showed significant relationship between intranasal synechiae and severity of the fracture, because of increasing mucosal handling and destructive closed reductional procedures. First of all, education of delicate procedure regarding this subject should be empathized accordingly.
Handling (Psychology) ; Humans ; Incidence ; Nasal Bone ; Nasal Obstruction ; Prevalence

There have been several reports that nasal bone fractures are inadequately managed. They are probably due to poor understanding of the pathophysiology of nasal bone fracture and absence of the accurate diagnostic method. And there has been little adequate comprehensive classification of nasal bone fracture and nasal septal fracture. We examed 132 patients sustaining nasal bone fracture using computerized tomography. Fracture line, deviation, depression, associated skeletal deformities and the nasal septum were clearly identified. We compared our results with Murray & Maran's classification of nasal bone fracture. We found that they revealed almost same results and computerized tomography was good method for diagnosis of nasal septal fracture. The computerized tomography will be helpful for accurate diagnosis and preperative planning of the correction of nasal bone and septal fracture.
Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Nasal Bone* ; Nasal Septum