PURPOSE: In this study an examination was done of nursing students' knowledge, awareness and performance of standard precaution guidelines designed to prevent medical-related infections. METHODS: Participants in this study were 184 junior and senior college nursing students who completed a clinical practice. Data collection was done from December 3 to 21, 2016 and was analyzed using SPSS/WIN 18.0. RESULTS: The mean score for awareness of standard precautions was 4.77±0.35, and the mean score for performance of standard precautions was 4.45±0.41. Performance was lower than awareness. Knowledge of standard precautions had a positive correlation with performance of standard precautions (r=.23, p=.002). There was also a positive correlation between awareness and performance of standard precautions (r=.49, p<.001). Stepwise regression analysis showed that the factors affecting the performance of standard precaution totaled 27.3% of determination coefficient due to the degree of observation and knowledge, awareness of standard precautions. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that factors influencing performance of standard precautions are the degree of observation of the students themselves and their knowledge and awareness of standard precautions and also provide basic data necessary to develop education programs for nursing students to improve their performance of standard precautions.
Data Collection ; Education ; Humans ; Infection Control* ; Nursing* ; Students, Nursing

We report a case of aortic dissection masquerading as acute ischemic stroke followed by intravenous thrombolysis. A 59-year-old man presented with dizziness. After examination, the patient had a seizure with bilateral Babinski signs. Soon after identifying multiple acute infarctions in both hemispheres on diffusion-weighted brain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) was administered. Both common carotid arteries were invisible on MR angiography, and subsequent chest computed tomography revealed an aortic dissection. The emergency operation was delayed for 13 hours due to t-PA administration. The patient died of massive bleeding.
Angiography ; Brain ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Dizziness ; Emergencies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infarction ; Middle Aged ; Reflex, Babinski ; Seizures ; Stroke* ; Thorax ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator

We investigated the effects of a hot-water extract of Artemisia iwayomogi, a plant belonging to family Compositae, on cardiac ventricular delayed rectifier K+ current (I(K)) using the patch clamp technique. The carbohydrate fraction AIP1 dose-dependently increased the heart rate with an apparent EC(50) value of 56.1+/-5.5 microgram/ml. Application of AIP1 reduced the action potential duration (APD) in concentration-dependent fashion by activating I(K) without significantly altering the resting membrane potential (IC(50) value of APD(50): 54.80+/-2.24, IC(50) value of APD(90): 57.45+/-3.47 microgram/ml). Based on the results, all experiments were performed with 50 microgram/ml of AIP1. Pre-treatment with the rapidly activating delayed rectifier K+ current (I(Kr)) inhibitor, E-4031 prolonged APD. However, additional application of AIP1 did not reduce APD. The inhibition of slowly activating delayed rectifier K+ current (I(Ks)) by chromanol 293B did not change the effect of AIP1. AIP1 did not significantly affect coronary arterial tone or ion channels, even at the highest concentration of AIP1. In summary, AIP1 reduces APD by activating I(Kr) but not I(Ks). These results suggest that the natural product AIP1 may provide an adjunctive therapy of long QT syndrome.
Action Potentials ; Artemisia ; Asteraceae ; Chromans ; Diphosphonates ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Ion Channels ; Long QT Syndrome ; Membrane Potentials ; Muscle Cells ; Piperidines ; Plants ; Pyridines ; Sulfonamides