Purpose: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a clinical syndrome that mimics brain tumors with increased intracranial pressure. The present study is designed to investigate the diagnostic criteria of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the severity of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure to understand the relationship and frequency of these criteria with the level of CSF pressure. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on children diagnosed with IIH between the years 2011 and 2020, who were admitted to the pediatric neurology department of Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. Clinical manifestations and imaging findings of the patients were recorded through a checklist. Results: Forty-nine patients were included in the study; 27 (55.1%) were male, and 22 (44.9%) were female. The average CSF pressure was 40.64±20.63 cmH2O. The mean diameter distension of the perioptic subarachnoid space was 6.02±1.21 mm. Six (10.8%) patients had unilateral transverse sinus stenosis with an average CSF pressure of 20.47±36.80 cmH2O and 11 (21.4%) patients had bilateral transverse sinus stenosis with an average pressure of 48.22±21.04 cmH2O. In 22 (44.89%) patients, flattening of the posterior globe with the CSF pressure of 48.80±17.94 cmH2O was reported. Twenty-four (49%) patients had optic nerve tortuosity, with an average CSF pressure of 46.52±20.33 cmH2O. Among the diagnostic criteria, the pressure had a significant relationship with the flattening of the posterior globe (P<0.022). Conclusion Since MRI is a non-invasive method for examining IIH, the findings of this study may aid in diagnosing and monitoring these patients.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, practice associated with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine for Young Children among lecturers and health staffs of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU). Method: This was a cross-sectional study with 220 adults from five different specialties, randomly selected. Data was collected using 45-item questionnaire on knowledge (12- item), attitude (18-item) and practice (15-item) (KAP) about HPV. The demographic questionnaire included information on age, gender, level of education, occupation, and marital status. Content validity was calculated by content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI). Reliability was evaluated using test-retest and by Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient, internal consistency was calculated values >0.81 which considered as satisfactory. Results: The mean age of the studied population was 37.70± 8.07 (23-67) years. Of the 220 participants, 80 (36.4%) were males and 140 (63.6%) were females. In evaluating KAP in the men and women, the mean and standard deviation of knowledge were estimated at good level and one-way ANOVA analysis showed significant differences between women and men (p=0.019). There was no significant difference in men and women related to attitude (p=0.92) and practice (p=0.38). Conclusion: The KAP about HPV among participants was significantly higher at good levels compared to average levels. Women's knowledge was significantly higher than men. Attitude and practice could have been higher because there was consensus to the usage of vaccine among the specialists to prevent HPV.