OBJECTIVE: To explore short-term clinical effect of surgical treatment for ankle fracture with complete rupture of deltoid ligament in young and middle-aged patients. METHODS: From January 2016 to March 2019, 21 young and middle-aged patients with ankle joint fracture and complete rupture of the deltoid ligament were treated with internal fixation and repair of the medial deltoid ligament, including 16 males and 5 females, aged from 21 to 52 years old with an average of (38.6±7.3) years old, the time from injury to operation ranged from 1 to 7 days with an average of (3.8±1.5) days. Fracture healing time and complications were observed, changes of medial malleolus clearance before and after operation were compared, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score wasused to evaluate function of ankle joint at 18 months after operation. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients were followed up from 18 to 26 months with an average of (21.7±1.2) months. The incisions were healed at stageⅠ, and fracture healing time ranged from 8 to 12 weeks with an average of (9.5±1.6) weeks. No wound infection, failure of internal fixation, and nerve injury occurred. Medial malleoius space decreased from (5.83±0.32) mm before operation to (2.69±0.25) mm after operation. Postoperative AOFAS score at 18 months was 91.43±4.14, 14 patients got excellent results, 6 good and 1 fair. CONCLUSION On the basis of stable fixation of fracture, repair of deltoid ligament could help restoring the medial anatomy of ankle joint in young and middle-aged patients, and could achieve good short term clinical effect.
Adult ; Ankle Fractures ; Ankle Injuries ; Ankle Joint ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective : To investigate the combined effects of triclosan（TCS）and PCB153 on the activity of superoxide dismutase（SOD）and the concentration of malondialdehyde（MDA）in zebrafish liver. Methods : Adult zebrafish were exposed to a series of concentrations of TCS,and the mortality in each group was observed and recorded during the acute toxicity test process. The concentrations in subsequent combined exposure experiments were arranged on the basis of the 96 h-LC50. The factorial design was used to determine the concentrations of combined exposure groups between TCS（0,0.125,0.5 μmol/L）and PCB153（0,0.05,0.2 μmol/L）. After 5,10 and 14 days of exposure,the zebrafish livers were dissected and frozen in each group. The potential interactions of these two compounds were analyzed according to the results of the SOD and MDA. Results : The 96 h-LC50 of TCS exposed to adult zebrafish was 2.64 μmol/L（95%CI：2.37-2.89 μmol/L）. After 5 days of exposure,combined exposure to 0.5 μmol/L TCS+0.2 μmol/L PCB153 caused lower liver SOD activities than single exposure groups and the control group（P<0.05）. After 10 days of exposure,combined exposure to 0.125 μmol/L TCS+0.05 μmol/L PCB153,0.5 μmol/L TCS+0.05 μmol/L PCB153 caused lower liver SOD activities than single exposure groups and the control group（P<0.05）. After 14 days of exposure,combined exposure to 0.5 μmol/L TCS+0.05 μmol/L PCB153,0.5 μmol/L TCS+0.2 μmol/L PCB153 caused higher liver SOD activities than single exposure groups and the control group（P<0.05）. There was an interactive effect between TCS and PCB153 on the liver SOD activity in zebrafish（P<0.05）. There was no significant effect of MDA content in each group. Conclusion Combined exposure to TCS and PCB153 could enhance （inhibit first） the liver SOD activities in zebrafish,and the interaction was synergistic.

To seek the optimum experiment methods of animal immunization with HCV gene and to explore the effect on antibody responses in mice immunized by pCD-HCV1 recombinant in different administration, recombinant pCD-HCV1 was constructed by technique of molecular biology and was injected into muscles of Balb/c of mice with different times, routes and dosage of inoculations as well as different treatment. The results showed that the serum antibody level reached 0.183±0.06,0.428±0.05,0.707±0.08 and 0.773±0.07(OD410 value) respectively after recombinant pCD-HCV1(100μg/mouse) were injected into mice once, twice, three times and four times. The antibody level of mice (n＝12) with four times inoculation was the highest; pCD-HCV1 was perfused into stomach orally in mice or were into mice by i.p, s.c and i.m(100μg/mouse, three times) in different routes (n＝6), and the antibody levels were 0.138±0.05, 0.178±0.07, 0.233±0.08 and 0.691±0.05 respectively; after the mice (n＝8) were inoculated with the pCD-HCV1 of different dosage(10μg, 50μg and 100μg) the antibody levels of three groups were 0.11±0.09, 0.33±0.04, and 0.700±0.07, and the results showed a significant difference (P＜0.01); Mice was injected with procaine (100μl, 0.4mg) by i.m or s.c. Then pCD-HCV1 was injected into mice and antibody levels were higher than that of mice immunized directly with recombinant pCD-HCV1 of same dosage. The results may provide a reference data deserved for screening the optimum immunization method of development HCV-DNA-based vaccine in mice model.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of improvement of gait behavior in PD rat models by low frequency electrical stimulation of pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTN) by optogenetics method. Methods (1) Twenty-four healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into a sham-operated group 1, a lesion group 1 and a photoactivation group (n=8); normal saline was injected into the right medial frontal tract (MFB) of the sham-operated group 1; 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was injected into the lesion group 1 and photoactivation group to induce PD models; two weeks after modeling, injection of adeno-associated virus hsynapsin-ChR2-mcherry into the right PPTN of the three groups was performed, and the photoactivation group received blue-ray stimulation by implanting optical fibers into the PPTN at the same time. (2) Twenty-four healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into a sham-operated group 2, a lesion group 2 and a photoinhibition group (n=8);normal saline was injected into right MFB of the sham-operated group 2; 6-OHDA was injected into the lesion group 2 and photoinhibition group to induce PD models; two weeks after modeling, injection of adeno-associated virus hsynapsin-NpHR-mcherry into the right PPTN of the three groups was performed, and the photoinhibition group received yellow-ray stimulation by implanting optical fibers into the PPTN at the same time. (3) Three weeks after injection of adeno-associated virus, Catwalk gait analysis was used to assess the behavioral ability of rats in each group. Results (1) As compared with the sham-operated group 1, lesion group 1 had significantly increased front claw spacing and back front claw spacing, and significantly decreased stride length and pressure of damaged lateral and contralateral limbs, and significantly decreased swing speed of contralateral limb (P<0.05); as compared with those in the lesion group 1, the front claw spacing and back claw spacing were significantly shortened, and stride length and pressure of damaged lateral and contralateral limbs were statistically increased in the photoactivation group (P<0.05). (2) As compared with the sham-operated group 2, lesion group 2 had significantly increased front claw spacing and back front claw spacing, significantly decreased stride length of damaged lateral limb, and significantly decreased pressure and swing speed of damaged lateral and contralateral limbs (P<0.05); no significant differences were noted on the front claw spacing and back front claw spacing, pressure and swing speed of damaged lateral and contralateral limbs between lesion group 2 and photoinhibition group (P>0.05). Conclusion The mechanism of low frequency electrical stimulation of PPTN improving gait behavior of PD rat models is related to activation of PPTN neurons.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the therapeutic effects, larynx preservation and adverse events of non-surgical combined treatments for laryngeal organ preservation in locally advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas(SCCs).

METHODSForty-six patients with locally advanced laryngeal carcinoma (T2-4, N0-N3) were treated individually with non-surgical combined treatments for larynx preservation (LP). These treatments included concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT)(±epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor), induction chemotherapy (ICT) followed by CCRT(± EGFR inhibitor), or concurrent radiotherapy and EGFR inhibitor. Radiation therapy was given to a total dose of 60-70 Gy. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to determine the overall survival. Side-effects were evaluated with the established Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 3.0 criteria.

RESULTSThe average follow-up time was 31.8 months (range 6-95 months). All patients completed the planned radiotherapy without treatment breaks, and 45(97.8%) of 46 patients completed the planned chemotherapy.The 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 87.3%and 67.2%, respectively.The 5-year larynx preservation rate was 100.0%. The 3-year and 5-year progression free survival rates were 95.1% and 87.7%, respectively. The most common acute side effect in grade 3 was oropharyngeal mucositis. After treatment, tracheotomy was still required in 2 patients with glottis cancer for laryngeal edema or stenosis. No patient depended on a percutaneous gastrostomy and experienced speech impairment.

CONCLUSIONPatients with locally advanced laryngeal cancer can be offered non-surgical combined treatments for laryngeal preservation and the high quality of life, showing a higher laryngeal preservation survival rate with minimal toxicities.

Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Disease-Free Survival ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Larynx ; Organ Sparing Treatments ; Quality of Life ; Survival Rate

Excessive theta (θ) frequency oscillation and synchronization in the basal ganglia (BG) has been reported in elderly parkinsonian patients and animal models of levodopa (L-dopa)-induced dyskinesia (LID), particularly the θ oscillation recorded during periods when L-dopa is withdrawn (the off L-dopa state). To gain insight into processes underlying this activity, we explored the relationship between primary motor cortex (M1) oscillatory activity and BG output in LID. We recorded local field potentials in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) and M1 of awake, inattentive resting rats before and after L-dopa priming in Sham control, Parkinson disease model, and LID model groups. We found that chronic L-dopa increased θ synchronization and information flow between the SNr and M1 in off L-dopa state LID rats, with a SNr-to-M1 flow directionality. Compared with the on state, θ oscillational activity (θ synchronization and information flow) during the off state were more closely associated with abnormal involuntary movements. Our findings indicate that θ oscillation in M1 may be consequent to abnormal synchronous discharges in the BG and support the notion that M1 θ oscillation may participate in the induction of dyskinesia.