Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscle Spasticity ; etiology ; therapy ; Paralysis ; etiology ; therapy ; Stroke ; complications

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of ETView visual endotracheal intubation in elderly patients with a potentially difficult airway under general anesthesia.Methods A total of 80 patients scheduled for elective surgery,with at least three characteristics indicative of an increased risk for difficult tracheal intubation and aged 65-86 years with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade [Ⅱ or Ⅲ,were selected and randomly assigned into 2 groups:the control group (Group C) and the ETView visual endotracheal intubation group (Group E) (n=40 for each).After induction with propofol 0.5-1.5 mg/kg,sufentanil 0.2 μg/kg,and rocuronium 0.6mg/kg,regular tracheal intubation and ETView visual endotracheal intubation were conducted in Group C and Group E respectively.Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded before induction (T0),before initial intubation (T1),at successful intubation (T2),and 5min after successful intubation (T3).Duration of catheterization,number of intubation attempts,rate of successful intubation at first attempt and complications within 2 days of intubation were also recorded.Results The duration of catheterization and the number of intubation attempts were lower in Group E than in Group C[(34±6) s vs.(48± 22) s,(1.0±0.0) vs.(1.4±0.4),t=2.484 and 2.373,respectively,P=0.017 and 0.023,respectively].The rate of successful intubation at first attempt was higher in Group E than in GroupC (100％ or 40 cases vs.75％ or 30 cases),x2=5.714,P=0.017).There was no significant difference in hemodynamic changes and the rate of postoperative hoarseness between the two groups (P＞0.05 for both).Conclusions ETView visual endotracheal intubation shows excellent safety in elderly patients with a difficult airway under general anesthesia,with shorter catheterization duration and a higher rate of successful intubation at first attempt than regular intubation.

Objective To explore the value of serum microRNA-155-5p and -133a-3p (miR-155-5p and miR-133a-3p) expression for the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of sepsis. Methods A prospective observational study was conducted. 105 sepsis patients admitted to emergency intensive care unit (EICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2015 to January 2016 were enrolled. They were divided into three groups according to the severity: 35 patients with sepsis, 35 with severe sepsis, and 35 with septic shock. At the same time, 35 healthy persons were selected as the control group. According to the prognosis, the patients were divided into improved group (n = 70) and in-hospital death group (n = 35). The clinical data of all the subjects were collected. The mRNA expressions of miR-155-5p and miR-133a-3p were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted to evaluate their clinical value for the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis. The binary logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the prognosis of sepsis patients. Results ① The mRNA expressions of serum miR-155-5p and miR-133a-3p were gradually increased with the aggravation of sepsis. The mRNA expression of miR-155-5p (2-ΔCt) in sepsis, severe sepsis, sepsis shock groups was 1.89±0.48, 2.21±0.41, 2.79±0.73 (F = 23.737, P = 0.000), and the mRNA expression of miR-133a-3p (2-ΔCt) was 1.38±0.31, 1.74±0.65, 2.08±0.47, respectively (F = 27.710, P = 0.000). It was shown by ROC curve analysis that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of serum miR-155-5p and miR-133a-3p for the diagnosis of sepsis was 0.855 [95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.761-0.949] and 0.769 (95%CI = 0.666-0.872) respectively. The cut-off value of miR-155-5p for the diagnosis of sepsis was 1.64, the sensitivity was 85.3%, and specificity was 80.6%. While the cut-off value of miR-133a-3p was 0.82, the sensitivity and specificity were 97.9% and 54.8% respectively. ② Compared with improved group, the patients of in-hospital death group were more serious, and procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, lactic acid (Lac), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score, and the mRNA expressions of miR-155-5p and miR-133a-3p were significantly increased (all P < 0.05). While there was no statistically significant difference in gender, age, white blood cells (WBC), serum creatinine (SCr) between the two groups (all P > 0.05). It was shown by binary logistic regression analysis that Lac [odds ratio (OR) = 0.514, 95%CI = 0.260-0.893, P = 0.024], sepsis severity (OR = 0.039, 95%CI = 0.023-2.955, P = 0.016), SOFA score (OR = 0.668, 95%CI = 0.474-0.825, P = 0.001), serum miR-155-5p expression (OR = 0.117, 95%CI = 0.020-0.530, P = 0.007) were the risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with sepsis. Conclusions The expression of serum miR-155-5p and miR-133a-3p may be used as specific indicators for the diagnosis of sepsis. And the expression of miR-155-5p can be used as independent impact factor for the estimation of sepsis prognosis.

It is an urgent task to transform scientific research achievements on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) into standard for the science and technology workers of TCM. The transformation not only improves the level of TCM standard, but also promotes the scientific research achievement on TCM into productivity. The Medium and Long-Term Strategic Development Plan for TCM Standardization issued by the State Administration of TCM of the People's Republic of China put forward reinforcement of study on method for transformation of TCM scientific research achievement into standard. Thus, this paper presented seven steps for the transformation on the basis of the TCM Standardization Regulation (trial) in order to provide some references.

Objective To investigate the infection status and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in Changzhou district ,and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention ,development and clinical diagnosis and treatment of HPV . Methods From October 2015 to July 2016 ,1 718 cases of female cervical epithelial cells were collected ,and 28 kinds of gene typing were detected by PCR‐reverse dot blot hybridization .Results The infection rate:1 718 cases of women were collected ,the positive HPV infections were 34 .23% .The infection types :single infection rate was 23 .57% (405/1 718) .The high‐risk HPV subtype in‐fections accounted for 17 .17% (295/1 718) and the low‐risk HPV subtype infections accounted for 5 .18% (89/1 718) ,suspected high‐risk infection was 1 .22% (21/1 718) .Multiple infection rate was 10 .94% (188/1 718) .HPV52 was the most common infec‐tion among high‐risk HPV infection ,the positive rate was 16 .16% (95/588) .HPV61 was the most common infection among low‐risk HPV infection ,the positive rate was 4 .08% (24/588) .There was no significant difference between age and HPV positive rate . The 61-70 age group had the highest HPV multiple infection rate in all age groups .Conclusion The high HPV infection is ob‐served in Changzhou district ,among which single HPV52 infection and the high‐risk HPV infection are the most common infec‐tions .There is difference in HPV infection among different age groups .

The development, application and revision of the clinical practice guideline (CPG) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) are a whole thing. However, the development and revision of TCM CPGs have been influenced due to lack of TCM CPGs reporting and feedback channel. Therefore, during the TCM standardization network establish-ment, we studied the application model of TCM CPGs with spontaneous reporting network, in order to provide the ba-sis for further TCM CPGs development and revision.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) standardization serves as an important foundation of TCM modernization and internationalization, and TCM standardization strategy is the core of the subject. Recently, some developed countries and developing countries with a better economic basis have set development strategy for TCM standardization. China is at the beginning on TCM standardization strategy study. This paper explored the methods for setting TCM standardization development strategy. Firstly, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of TCM were analyzed based on SWOT method to set development tactics. On the above basis, the authors defined the total goal and stage goal under the guidance of the relevant laws and regulations. To achieve the strategic goal, priority areas were formed by literature analysis and expert inquiry method, and the safeguard measures were formulated by expert symposium. Secondly, the draft for development strategy of TCM standardization was made based on the above content. Finally, the authors revised and formed the official development strategy of TCM standardization.

Object To study the effects of active fraction L.F04 from the ground part of Lycopus lucidus Turcz. var. hirtus Reg. on platelet aggregation and thrombosis formation and investigate its mechanisms of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. Methods The effects of L.F04 on platelet aggregation induced by ADP in vivo, thrombosis of artery vein side road and thrombus formed in rotary loop in vitro were examined, the rat model of blood stasis made by injecting high molecular weight dextran (HMWD) was used. Results L.F04 0.408 and 0.204 g/kg evidently inhibited the ADP induced increase of platelet maximum aggregation rate in vivo in HMWD model, with a concentration dependent manner. Compared with the control group, the thrombus weight in rat model of blood stasis was increased significantly and the length of thrombus was shown an increasing trendency. L.F04 0.408 and 0.204 g/kg both shown the anti thrombosis effect. L.F04 0.408 g/kg showed better effects of lessening the thrombus dry weight and wet weight. Both L.F04 0.408 and 0.204 g/kg could inhibit the thrombosis of artery vein side road, the inhibition rates are separately 27.41% and 27.14%. Conclusion L. lucidus var. hirtus F04 could significantly inhibit platelet aggregation and thrombosis formation.

Objective To evaluate the effect of wire-reinforced polyurethane epidural catheters on the success rate of epidural catheterization in the patients undergoing caesarean section.Methods A total of 182 pregnant patients,aged 25-43 yr,with body height of 145-178 cm,weighing 51-100 kg,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective caesarean section under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia,were divided into 2 groups using a random number table:polyvinyl chloride epidural catheter group (group Ⅰ,n =94) and wire-reinfnrced polyurethane epidural catheter group (group 11,n=88).Spinal or epidural puncture was performed at L2,3 or L3,4 interspace,and the corresponding epidural catheter was inserted in each group aficr succcssful puncturc.Thc dcvclopment of difficult insertion,intravascular catheter insertion or paresthesia during puncture or insertion was defined as a failure of epidural catheterization.The occurrence of failed epidural catheterization was recorded.Results The failure rate of epidural catheterization was significantly lower in group 1Ⅱ than in gronp Ⅰ (P＜0.05).Conclusion Wire-reinforced polyurethane epidural catheters can raise the success rate of epidural catheterization in the patients undergoing caesarean section.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of dexmedetomidine combined with remifentanil for drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) in the patients with snoring. Methods Sixty patients of both sexes with snoring, aged 18-61 yr, with body mass index of 21. 0-33. 1 kg∕m2 , of American Society of Anesthe-siologists physical statusⅠ or Ⅱ, scheduled for elective DISE, were randomly divided into either dexme-detomidine combined with propofol group (group P) or dexmedetomidine combined with remifentanil group (group R), with 30 patients in each group. Dexmedetomidine was infused within 10 min in a loading dose of 0. 6 μg∕kg, followed by an infusion of 0. 6 μg·kg-1 ·h-1 for 10 min in both groups. Then propofol was given by target-controlled infusion with the initial target effect-site concentration (Ce) of 1. 0 μg∕ml in group P, and remifentanil was given by target-controlled infusion with the initial target Ce of 1. 5 ng∕ml in group R. At 2 min after the target effect-site and plasma concentrations were balanced, the Ces of propofol and remifentanil were adjusted by increments of 0. 2 μg∕ml and 0. 2 ng∕ml, respectively, until satisfactory snoring occurred and then the Ce was maintained at this level in P and R groups. Bispectral index value was re-corded at 5 min after admission to the operating room (T1 ), at 20 min of dexmedetomidine infusion (T2 ), at 2 min after the target effect-site and plasma concentrations were balanced (T3 ), at the beginning of DISE (T4 ), when the nasopharyngolarygnoscope reached the site of oropharynx (T5 ) and at the end of DISE (T6 ). Observer's Assessment of Alertness∕Sedation scale scores were recorded at T1-4 . The time for prepar-ing sedation, recovery time, the lowest value of SpO2 and development of adverse events were recorded. Re-sults Sixty patients completed DISE successfully. Compared with group P, the bispectral index value at T3-6 was significantly increased, the time for preparing sedation was prolonged, the recovery time was short-ened, the lowest value of SpO2 was increased, and the incidence of respiratory depression was decreased in group R (P< 0. 05). There was no significant difference in Observer's Assessment of Alertness∕Sedation scale scores at T1-4 between two groups ( P> 0. 05). Conclusion Combination of dexmedetomidine and remifentanil produces better efficacy for DISE than combination of dexmedetomidine and propofol in the pa-tients with snoring.