Objective To evaluate different expressions of high mobility group box 1(HMGB1)and receptor for advanced glycation end products(RAGE)in placentas and their relationship with preeclampsia.Methods Fifteen early-onset pre-eclaraptic women(early-onset pre-eclampsia group),22 late-onset pre-eclamptic women(late-onset pre-eclampsia group)and 12 normotensive women(control group)in the third trimester were recruited at the Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from March 2006 to March 2007.The localization and levels of HMGB1 and RAGE in placentas of the three groups were detected by the strept avidin biotin-peroxidose method.Results (1)Immunoreactivities to HMGB1:positive immnnostaining for HMGB1 was observed in trophoblast,macrophages,decidual cells,vascular muscle cells,endothelial cells and placental mesenchymal cells in the placentas from the pre-eclamptic women,while a low level of immunoreactivities was observed in the placentas from healthy pregnancies;the staining was observed within both the nuclei and the cytoplasm,mainly in the cytoplasm.The cytotrophoblast,especially the nuclei was extensively positive for HMGB1 in early-onset pre-eclampsia. (2)Immunoreactivities to RAGE:positive immunostaining for HMGB1 was observed in syncytiotrophoblast,macrophages and endothelial cells in the placentas from the preeclamptic women,while a low level of immunoreactivities was observed in the placentas from healthy pregnancies:the staining was in the cytoplasm and(or)cell membrane.The trophoblast was extensively positive for RAGE in early-onset pre-eclampsia.(3)Positive rate of HMGB1 expression:the expression of HMGB1 in early-onset group(73%,11/15)and late-onset group(64%,14/22)was significantly higher than that in normal group(17%,2/12;P<0.05),but no significant difference was found in early-onset group and late-onset group(P>0.05).(4)Positive rate of RAGE expression:the expression of RAGE in early-onset group(80%,12/15)and late-onset group (82%,18/22)was significantly higher than that in normal group(25%,3/12;P<0.05),but no significant difference was found in early-onset group and late-onset group(P>0.05).Conclusions The increased expression of HMGB1 and RACE in the placenta may play an important role in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsis.The different locations may be associated with the occurrence of different onset types of pre-eclampsia.

Objective To investigate the role of hypoxia inducible factor(HIF)-prolyl hydroxylase 1 (HPHl)and factor inhibiting HIF-1(FIH-1)in placentas in the pathogenesis and development of severe pre-eclampsia.Methods RT-PCR and western blot analyses were used to detect the HPH1 and FIH-1expression levels in placentas of 34 patients with severe pre-eclampsia and 24 cases of term pregnancy (normal pregnancy group)and their correlations with symptoms were analyzed.Results (1)The HPHI mRNA and protein expression levels in placentas of severe pre-eclampsia group were 0.40±0.04 and 59.5±3.4 separately,significantly lower than those of normal pregnancy group,0.84±0.12 and 71.6±1.7(P<0.01).The FIH-1 mRNA and protein expression levels in placentas of severe pre-eclampsia group wereQ 31 ±0.05 and 45.6±2.4 separately,significantly lower than those of normal pregnancy group,0.43±0.04 and 54.9±2.1(P<0.01).(2)The mRNA and protein expression levels of HPH1 and FIH-1 in severe pre-eclampsia group were all negatively correlated with mean arterial pressure(MAP)[the Spearman correlation coefficient was-0.854(P<0.01)],urinary protein per 24 hours[the Spearman correlation coefficient was-0.936(P<0.01)1 and the occurrence of fundus oculi artery spasm[the Spearman correlation coefficient was-0.854(P<0.01)].(3)rrhe expression of HPHl mRNA in placentas of all the 58 cases WBB 0.58±0.27.higher than the expression of FIH-1 mRNA,which was 0.39±0.10.There was a positive correlation between them.The pearson correlation coefficient was 0.686(P<0.01).The expression of HPH1 protein in placentas of all the 58 cases was 64.5±6.7,higher than the expression of FIH-1,which was 49.4±5.2.There was a positive correlation between them.The Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.947(P<0.01).Conclusion The expression imbalance of HPH1 and FIH-1in palcenta may play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of severe pre-eclampsia through inhibiting HIF-1a.

The finite element method was used for simulating the mechanical performance and fatigue safety of three different structures of Nitinol stent. According to the actual situation, after proposing reasonable assumptions and simplification, the geometry model and finite element model establishment, material mode selection and boundary condition setting are completed. The strain and fatigue life of different stent edges wide (omega) or strut angle (theta) are computed. The result can provide a valuable reference for the optimal design of stent.
Alloys ; Finite Element Analysis ; Prosthesis Design ; Stents

BACKGROUND:Early detection and accurate staging diagnosis of heart failure are the basis of good clinical therapy efficacy. Due to lack of simple and effective staging model for the diagnosis of heart failure, it is difficult to diagnose heart failure in clinics, leading to poor control of heart failure. OBJECTIVE:To establish the disease staging model based on Adaboost and SVM for heart failure, and improve the accuracy of diagnosis and staging of heart failure. METHODS:A total of 194 cases were roled into this study, including heart failure patients and healthy physical examination persons. According to the stage standards formulated by American Colege of Cardiology and American Heart Association, specific clinical feature parameters closely related to heart failure were colected and selected. Based on clinical diagnosis results and using Adaboost model and SVM model, we trained the models for heart failure diagnosis and staging, thus obtaining diagnosis model. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The parameters included stroke volume, cardiac output, left ventricular ejection fraction, left atrial diameter, left ventricular internal diameter at end-systole, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and heart rate variability. As for the Adaboost model, its sensitivity and specificity was 100% and 94.4%, respectively. At the same time the SVM model had good sensitivity and specificity, 86.5% and 89.4% respectively. Adaboost classification model can be accurate in the diagnosis of heart failure symptoms, the accuracy reached 89.36%. On the basis of the diagnosis of heart failure, the SVM classification model is effective in staging the severity of heart failure, staging accuracy for staging B and C was 86.49% and 81.48%, respectively. The findings indicate that, combining Adaboost and SVM machine learning models could provide an accurate diagnosis and staging model for heart failure.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Heilongjiang in a representative sample of 2 875Chinese adults aged from 20 to 74 years. Questionnaire was conducted. Their height, weight, waist circumference,blood pressure, blood glucose, serum insulin, lipids, and other indexes were determined. The criterion of International Diabetes Federation was applied for metabolic syndrome (MS) diagnosis. The results showed that the preliminary prevalence rate of MS was 19.34% and the age-adjusted prevalence rate of MS was 21.92% ( male 20.41% , female 23.11% ). The prevalence rate of MS increased with the age. The prevalence rate in the urban area was higher than that in the town and rural area ( both P < 0.05 ). The result of multiple factor logistic regression analysis showed that body fat content, insulin resistance, age, residential difference, drinking habit,daily staple food quantity, urine albumin, education, family history of obesity, and gender were related with MS.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of alendronate on the expressions of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) in mouse osteoblasts.

METHODSMouse calvarial osteoblasts cultured in vitro were identified by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and immunofluorescence assay of OPG and RANKL expressions. The second passage of the osteoblasts were treated with different concentrations of alendronate (10(-4) to 10(-7) mol/L) for 48 h, and the changes in OPG and RANKL mRNA and protein expressions were examined using real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively.

RESULTSThe isolated osteoblasts were positive for ALP and expressed OPG and RANKL. Real-time PCR and Western blotting showed that at the concentration of 1×10(-4) mol/L, alendronate caused an obvious down-regulation of OPG and RANKL expressions in the cells, whereas at lower concentrations, alendronate increased the expressions of both genes with the highest expressions occurring after treatment with 1×10(-5) mol/L.

CONCLUSIONHigh concentrations of alendronate (>1×10(-4) mol/L) decrease the expressions of OPG and RANKL, whereas low concentrations (1×10(-5) to 1×10(-7) mol/L) increase their expressions in mouse osteoblasts cultured in vitro.

Alendronate ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Osteoblasts ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Osteoprotegerin ; metabolism ; RANK Ligand ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the experimental basis of the "water metabolism theory" in traditional Chinese medicine by observing the changes of aquaporin-1 in the lung, spleen and kidney.

METHODSRat models of Kidney Yang Deficiency induced by gavage with 2% adenine suspension for 4 weeks were treated with cistanches decoction for 6 weeks. Urinary 17-hydroxy cortisol, urine creatinine, urine osmolality value content, and aquaporin-1 mRNA and protein expressions in the lung, spleen and kidney tissues were detected after the treatment.

RESULTSTreatment with adenine induced Kidney Yang Deficiency in rats by causing a reduction in urinary 17-hydroxy cortisol, urine creatinine and urine osmolality. Aquaporin-1 mRNA expression in the spleen and kidney were down-regulated after adenine treatment. Compared with the rat models, intervention with cistanche significantly increased aquaporin-1 mRNA expression in the lung and kidney tissues. Adenine resulted in increased aquaporin-1 protein expression in the lung, spleen and kidney of the rats, while cistanche intervention lowered its expression in lung and kidney tissues.

CONCLUSIONThe lung, spleen, kidneys are involved in water metabolism, and aquaporin-1 is one of its molecular basis. Cistanche can increase aquaporin-1 expressions, which is also regulated by other factors.

Adenine ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Aquaporin 1 ; metabolism ; Cistanche ; chemistry ; Kidney ; metabolism ; Lung ; metabolism ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spleen ; metabolism ; Yang Deficiency ; metabolism

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of renal transplantation in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM)-induced end-stage nephropathy.Methods The clinical data of 408 cases who underwent renal transplantation in our center from 2009 to 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into DM group (n =82) and non-DM group (n =326).The postoperative infection,delayed graft function (DGF),adverse events,and the survival rate of patients/kidneys were comparatively analyzed.Results The incidence of postoperative infection,DGF and adverse events was significantly higher in DM group than in non-DM group (23.2％ vs.15.6％,P =0.04;17.1％ vs.8.6 ％,P =0.04;13.4％ vs.8.3 ％,P =0.03).No significant difference was found in the 1-,2-,and 3-year survival rate of patients and kidneys between the two groups after operation (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion The incidence of postoperative infection,DGF and adverse events is higher in DM patients.The DM does not affect the survival rate of patients/kidneys through appropriate treatment.It is important to prevent complications in DM patients after renal transplantation.

Objective To analyze the infection features,risk factors,and the relationship with the efficacy in patients with acute leukemia during initial induction chemotherapy.Methods The clinical data of 200 patients with newly diagnosed acute leukemia from January 2015 to February 2016 in the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.Results The infection rate of patients with acute leukemia under induction chemotherapy was 84.0％ (168/200).Among 168 patients with infection,159 cases (94.6％) had known infection sites,the top three infection sites were the lungs,gastrointestinal tract and the oral cavity.Total 213 strains of pathogens were identified,Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 39.0％ (n =83),Gram-positive cocci for 34.3％ (n =73),fungi for 23.5％ (n =50) and the virus for 3.3％ (n =7).Multivariate regression analysis showed that agranulocytosis was the independent risk factor for acute leukemia patients during induction chemotherapy (OR =14.370,95％ CI:2.576-116.518,P ＜ 0.01).The rate of complete remission (CR) and CR with incomplete hematologic recovery (CRi) in infection group was 74.4％ (125/168),and the rate of CR + CRi in non-infected group was 87.5％ (28/32),and there was no significant difference between the two groups.(χ2 =2.564,P =0.109).Conclusion During the induction therapy for acute leukemia patients,the rate of infection and the rate of fungal infection are high;lung is the most common site,Gram-negative bacteria is more common;agranulocytosis increases the chance of infection;and the infection may not affect the disease remission rate.