Objective:To investigate the knowledge of hand-cleaning in student nurses,cultivate their awareness of washing hands,improve their submitting of washing hands and standardize their washing procedure,so as to reduce the hospital-acquired infection via hands.Methods: A self-designed questionnaire on hand-cleaning-related knowledge was used to survey 100 student nurses in their clinical practice in our hospital.Results:In the 100 questionnaires,some student nurses have poor-mastering of the signs of hand-cleaning,and have indefinite concepts of the time,position and frequency of hand-cleaning.The most frequently forgotten part of hands cleaning is finger(42%),the second is wrist(29%).Lots of student nurses(92%) mistakingly thought that washing hands with warm water was much better.Conclusion:The student nurses had relatively poor knowledge on hand-cleaning,much more attention should be paid on the education of this aspect by nursing department,in order to improve self-protection and control of hospital-acquired infection effectively.

Objective:To discuss the effect of individualized physical exercise prescription on patients’ nutrition status, physical ability and self-care ability in patients with intestinal fistula and severe malnutrition. Methods:Twenty-four patients were divided randomly into two groups, the experiment group exercised according to physical exercise prescription, control group exercised in a routine way. The patients’ weight, physical ability and self-care ability were measured on the day before exercise and the 28th day after exercise. Results:Patients in the exercise group had significant more exercise than those in the routine group, and the physical ability and self-care ability were significant better that those in the routine group. Conclusion:Individualized physical exercise prescription can accelerate the recovery of physical ability and self-care ability, it can be used safely and effectively in patients with intestinal fistula and severe malnutrition.

Objective To guide the implementation of home enteral nutrition (EN) for outpatients with Crohn's disease, and to observe its effect.Methods In this observational study, 26 patients at active period of Crohn's disease were collected between April 2014 and June 2015 in the clinic of Clinical Nutrition Center of Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command.Home EN combined with medication was administered.The nutritional status, Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI), and quality of life before and after EN were compared.Results After home EN therapy, body mass index (BMI) of the patients increased from (17.7 ± 2.1) kg/m2 to (19.8 ± 2.0) kg/m2 (P ＜ 0.001), proportion of lymphocytes from (0.216 ± 0.066) to (0.305 ± 0.106) (P =0.007), albumin level from (40.3 ± 5.9) g/L to (43.7 ± 5.4) g/L (P =0.038), prealbumin from (233.1 ± 71.5) mg/L to (306.0 ± 72.1) mg/L (P =0.009), and transferrin from (2.7 ± 0.6) g/L to (3.1 ±0.7) g/L (P =0.038).In the indicators reflecting the activity of Crohn's disease, CDAI declined from 197.0 ±55.8 to 113.2 ±33.4 (P ＜0.001) after EN, C-reactive protein from 28.50 (18.00-32.80) mg/L to 2.00 (0.58-6.33) mg/L (P ＜0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate from (29.6 ± 9.9) mm/h to (9.4 ± 7.6) mm/h (P ＜ 0.001).The patient's disease activity scores and inflammatory reaction indexes all reached the normal levels after EN, show that the patients were in remission stage.In inflammatory bowel disease quality of life score, the score of intestinal symptoms rose from 41.2 ± 13.3 to 57.0 ±9.6 (P ＜ 0.001), the score of systemic symptom from 20.7 ± 5.5 to 28.9 ± 4.2 (P ＜ 0.001), emotional ability from 43.6±16.1 to 61.0 ± 15.9 (P=0.002), and social ability from 20.6 ±4.9 to 28.4 ±5.6 (P＜0.001), all showing statistical significance.Conclusions Standardized home enteral nutrition in patients at active period of Crohn's disease, when implemented under professional guidance of nutritional support team and well followed up, may improve nutritional status, induce remission, and improved quality of life.

Objective: To investigate the absorption of EVA and PVC infusion sets to insulin.Methods: Two infusion sets of EVA and PVC were used to contain insulin which was mixed with TNA and preserved at 4℃ and 25℃ for o,8,24 and 48 h,respectively.The content of insulin was observeed for changes.Results: The content of insulin mixed with TNA in EVA bags was obviously higher than in PVC bags preserved at 25℃ for 48h(P

Objective To explore ways to decrease peripheral vascular complications during parenteral nutrition through peripheral veins. Methods According to the support sequences of giving peripheral parenteral nutrition, ninty perioperative cases were randomly divided into low(20. 3 kPa·h-1 ),medium(27. 1 kPa·h-1 ) and high(33. 9 kPa·h-1 ) osmotic pressure rates(n=30 in each group). The infusion pump was used to control the rate of infusion. The total parenteral nutrient was infused through BD24G venous indwelling needles. The pain ratings at injection sites were evaluated after parenteral nutrition everyday,the incidences of phlebitis were observed three days later after removing the indwelling needles. ResultsUnder the low osmotic pressure,the pain was mild,while for the medium osmotic pressure,the pain became more obvious. The pain was aggravated obviously under high osmotic pressure. There were only two cases of over grade-II phlebitis under low osmotic pressure rate,9 cases under medium osmotic pressure rate and 14 cases under high osmotic pressure rate, in which a grade-Ⅲ phlebitis developed. Conclusion Decreasing the osmotic pressure rate through peripheral venous is an effective method to avoid or reduce the incidences of peripheral vascular complications with the peripheral parenteral nutrition support.

Objective To discuss the frequency of ventilator pipe replacement in ICU ward for reducing the frequency of VAP occurrence caused by bacterial colonization in ventilator-line. Methods 30 patients hospitalized to ICU ward from Janurary,2008 to June, 2009 who had mechanical-ventilation above 48h were randomly divided into group A, B and C with 30 patients in each group, then bacteria culture and strain analysis were employed for the pipeline sample of ventilator inspiratory side at the time point to be use and used mechanical ventilation for 1 day, 3 days and 7 days. Results There was no bacteria grew after ventilator-line sterilization, and positive ratio of bacterial culture in 1d, 3d and 7d were 46.66%,53.33% and 100.00%, respectively. Conclusions The frequency of ventilator pipe replacement should be shortened in patients with abdominal infection, to replace every 3 days is suitable in ICU where infectious patients gathered.

This paper summarizes the experiences of nursing care of five patients with stoma after small bowel allotransplantation. The nursing care focused on observation of the survival,motility,secretion and other functions of early transplanted bowel,preparation and cooperation for colonoscopy,stoma care during enteral nutritional support,observation of the digestion,absorption and rejection of transplanted bowels. The five patients survived after operations. The stoma of transplanted bowels was ruddy and had a good circulation without complications such as rupture of skin around stoma. The patients gradually restored the normal diet by mouth.

Objective There is no quantization scheme for the early ambulation in patients with gastrointestinal tumor after operation of enhanced recovery .The aim of this study was to explore a suitable objective method of postoperative ambulation for gastro -intestinal tumor patients . Methods Sixty six gastrointestinal tumor postoperative patients were randomly assigned to two groups :ex-perimental group ( 33 cases ) and control group ( 33 cases ) .Enhanced recovery was adopted in the both groups afterthe operation . Wireless smart bracelets ( fitbit flex) were used in the experimental group , and the ambulation of patients was monitored by the hand of synchronous real time computer digital panel .At the same time, the patients was supervised for positive ambulation . Traditional quantitative methods of electronic pedometer were used in the control group.The postoperative ambulation , effect and compliance were compared between the two groups . Results Postoperative ambula-tion steps in the experimental group were increased compared with the control group on the days 1, 2, and 3postoperative, and the data were (208.70 ±45.76) vs (144.36 ±47.68), (560.73 ±148.67) vs (407.00 ±85.92), and (894.70 ±91.68) vs (674.00 ±73.06) steps (P<0.05).The first time of early ambulation, flatus, ca-tharsis, and compliance of ambulation showed significant difference in the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Wireless intelligent monitoring bracelet is objective and effective for monitoring and quantifying postoperative ambulation .It is superior to the traditional quantitative methods , and can improve the effect and compliance of the ambulation .Moreover , it can promote postoperative recovery in patient with enhanced recovery surgery .

Objective:To assess incidence of malnutrition and malnutrition risk of six department patients.Methods:The information of 1 200 patients were collected,200 in each of 6 departments in our hospital.Nutrition status was assessed according to Nutrition Risk Screening(NRS)published by ESPEN in 2001.Results:The incidence of malnutrition and malnutrition risk varied from 7.5% to 59% and 36% to 72% respectively in different department.Conclusion:The incidence of malnutrition is closely related to the kind and severity of the disease.It is nessissary to assess the nutrition status of high risk patients in time.NRS can be used simply and fastly in most inhospital patients.

This report summarized the nursing experience of caring for twice skin grafts in a patient with enteroatmospheric fistula after trauma.Keys to nursing success including:monitoring vital signs closely to prevent septic shock,blocking enteroatmospheric fistula (EAF) and sucking overflowed intestinal juice timely,promoting the protection of the graft on abdominal wall wounds,strengthing drainage and lavage with the application of abdominal double cannula to control abdominal infection,early nutrion support with parenteral nutrition in combination with trophic enteral nutrition to improve intestinal immune function,and attaching importance to post-traumatic stress disorder.Timely blocking of EAF is the bases of skin graft healing.