Objective To compare the effects of different moist environment for treating severely burned patients.Methods From November 2009 to December 2014 in the Burn Unit of Hainan General Hospital, 170 hospitalized patients with severe burns were randomly equally divided into observation group and control group.The patients of control group were treated with the traditional wet therapy treatment, while of the observation group were given the closed moist therapy treatment.The wound healing, pain relief and adverse reactions were observed.Results All patients completed the treatment,and the cure rates at the 7th and 14th day of treatment in the treatment group were 80.0％ (68/85) and 97.6％ (83/85), significantly higher than those of the control group (52.9％ (45/85), 89.4％ (76/85), x2 =8.344,4.111, P ＜ 0.05).The number of dressing changes((7.44±2.39) times), cumulative dressing time ((45.98 ± 13.29) min) and wound healing time ((14.98±4.33)d) in the observation group were significantly less than those in the control group((11.76 ±3.14) times, (87.03 ± 14.99) min), (18.87 ± 5.13) d)), the differences were statistically significant (t =6.349,6.540,3.111, P＜0.05).After treatment, the pain scores were showed clear downward trend, with had significant difference compared before treatment (P＜0.05), while the pain scores at the 7th day((3.10± 1.34) scores) and 14th day((1.76±0.67) scores) of treatment in the treatment group were significantly lower than the control group((4.09±0.89) scores, (3.11±0.56) scores, P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse events during treatment in both groups were 5.9％, obviously improved after symptomatic treatment.Conclusion The moist environment conducive to the treatment of severely burned patients, and safety.Conclusion to traditional wet therapy, closed moist therapy has better cure rate of severe burns, can promote wound healing, relieve pain and shorten the dressing cycle time.

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is currently the most sensitive technique to diagnose early ischemic stroke. DWI signal hyperintensity is usually considered to suggest irreversible infarct core, but recent studies demonstrated that DWI hyperintensity signal could be reversible on small embolic lesions. Herein we present a case in a 63-year-old male patient, who was admitted to the emergency department with altered mental status and complaint of weakness in the left arm and leg 6.8 h prior to the admission. Emergency cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and angiography (MRA) revealed occlusion of his right middle cerebral artery (MCA) and large lesions on DWI. The patient underwent intra-artery thrombectomy after evaluation in spite of the large volume of the DWI lesions up to 91.5 mL at the baseline. His right MCA was recanalized at 8.5 h from symptom onset. One week after the procedure, the patient showed reduced DWI lesion volume to 11.58 mL. In this case we observed the reversibility of a large lesion of the anterior artery circulation presenting with hyperintensity on DWI, suggesting that the clinical implication of DWI hyperintensity should be interpreted with caution, and a large volume of baseline DWI hyperintensity may not be a contraindication to thrombectomy. This conclusion, however, awaits further validation by future large-scale randomized controlled trials.
Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Humans ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stroke ; Thrombectomy

OBJECTIVETo analyze the risk factors of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs).

METHODSA total of 113 patients with cerebrovascular diseases underwent examinations of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain (including T1WI, T2WI, FLAIR, and SWI) and blood biochemical tests, and the brain regions, number and grades of the CMBs were analyzed. The association between CMBs and the cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed.

RESULTSA The occurrence and grade of CMBs were associated with the patients' age, hypertension, diabetes, lacunar infarction, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels (P<0.05). CMB occurrence was significantly associated with diabetes, hypertension, and lacunar infarction (P<0.05), and its incidence varied significantly between different brain regions (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONAge, hypertension, diabetes, lacunar infarction, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, and HDL are all risk factors for CMBs, among which diabetes, hypertension, and lacunar infarction are significant risk factors. CMBs occurs most frequently in the cortex and subcortical region, followed by the basal ganglia, thalamus, and the cerebellum, and most unlikely in the brainstem.

Cerebral Hemorrhage ; epidemiology ; etiology ; pathology ; China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Complications ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of the junction fragments between the breakpoints of introns in identifying deletional Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) carriers.

METHODSA DMD family (including the index patient III2 and the suspected carrier II3) and a sporadic DMD case (including the patient II1 and his mother I2) were studied. The patient III2 of the DMD family was identified as having exons 31-43 deletion of the DMD gene, and the sporadic patient II1 had exons 45-54 deletion. A PCR-based genome-walking method was used to locate the breakpoints in the corresponding introns. The junction fragments of the patients and their female relatives waiting for a diagnosis were amplified by PCR with primers adjacent to the deletion junctions.

RESULTSPCR amplification yielded identical positive results for the female suspected carrier II3 of and the index patient of the DMD family, and the former was thus diagnosed as a carrier of DMD. PCR amplification of the sporadic patient's mother I2 showed a negative result, but the patient II1 had a positive result, so that the patient's mother was excluded as being a carrier of DMD.

CONCLUSIONRoutine PCR technique for detecting the junction fragments allows identification of carriers among female relatives of patients with deletional DMD.

DNA Primers ; Exons ; Female ; Genetic Carrier Screening ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Introns ; Male ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Deletion

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of IL-1beta+3953, TNFbeta+252 and IL-10-592 polymorphisms with serum lipoprotein levels in Chinese Han population in Guangdong Province.

METHODSA total of 428 individuals of Han nationality from Guangdong Province were enrolled in this study. The genotypes of IL-1beta+3953, TNFbeta+252 and IL-10-592 sites were detected using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), TG, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) were determined using an automatic biochemistry analyzer.

RESULTSThe concentrations of TC and LDL in individuals of TNFbeta+252GA genotype was significantly higher than that in TNFbeta+252AA genotype (t=-2.406, P=0.017; t=-2.516, P=0.012). The concentration of LDL in IL-10+3953CT genotype was significantly higher than that in IL-10+3953CC genotype (2.743-/+0.723 vs 2.502-/+0.699 mmol/L, t=-2.639, P=0.009). No significant differences were found in TG, TC, HDL, LDL and VLDL between the 3 genotypes (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe polymorphisms of proinflammatory cytokines are related to the serum lipoprotein level in these subjects. The T allele in IL-1beta+3953 and the G allele in TNFbeta+252 are positively correlated to dyslipidemia.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; genetics ; Interleukin-1beta ; genetics ; Lipoproteins ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; genetics ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the surgical approaches for management of postoperative stenosis of ateriovenous fistula (AVF) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

METHODSOf the 415 patients with ESRD receiving radial-cephalic end-to-side anastomosis during the last 3 years, 29 developed postoperative AVF stenosis (of type Ia in 5 cases, type Ib in 17 cases, type II in 3 cases, and type II in 2 cases). A proximal anastomosis was created between the radical artery and cephalic vein for type Ia stenosis. In the 17 cases with type I b stenosis, 5 were managed by interception of suitable segments from the accessory cephalic veins for cephalic vein reconstructions, and 12 by transposition of the accessory cephalic veins. Of 3 cases with type II stenosis, 1 was managed by interception of the accessory cephalic vein for interposing into the cephalic vein, 1 by interception of the distal great saphenous vein for interposing into the cephalic vein, and 1 by transposition of the forearm basilic vein for end-to-side anastomosis with the radial artery. The 2 cases with type III were managed by end-to-side anastomosis between the forearm basilic vein and the radial artery or by conversion to AVF repair on the contralateral forearm.

RESULTSTwenty-eight of the 28 patients finally received surgical repair of AVF stenosis and the surgeries were completed successfully. Thrombosis of the outflow vein occurred 12 h after the repair in 1 case to require emergency embolectomy and anastomosis; restenosis occurred in 2 cases at 9 months postoperatively, for which progressive percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) was performed. The rate of restenosis was 7.1% (2/28). All the 28 patients undergoing AVF stenosis repair had successful HD for 12 months after the operation.

CONCLUSIONReconstructing the arteriovenous anastomosis, replacing the stenosis segment with an accessory cephalic vein or great saphenous vein graft, or altering the outflow with the forearm basilic vein can be surgical options for repairing postoperative AVF stenosis.

Aged ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; surgery ; Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical ; Brachiocephalic Veins ; surgery ; Constriction, Pathologic ; surgery ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radial Artery ; surgery

Objective:To explore the effects of health education on the knowledge and awareness of hypertension in primary and secondary school students.Methods:Twenty seven primary and secondary schools in Emin County of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were selected in 2014 as study sites; among which 24 schools were randomly assigned as the intervention group and 3 schools were assigned as control group. According to the education methods (classroom teaching, publicity manual, hypertension class reports and the combination of the three) and the frequency of education (1, 2, 3 times per semester), the intervention group were further randomly divided into 12 subgroups with 2 schools in each group. The intervention study was carried out for 3 years.Results:A total 13 402 students were involved in the study, and there were 11 333 students in the intervention group and 2 069 students in the control group. The awareness rates of hypertension concept [41.8% (4 738/11 333) vs. 24.6% (511/2 069), χ 2=154.86, P<0.01], the adverse consequences of hypertension [85.8% (9 735/11 333) vs. 75.4% (1 561/2 069),χ 2=25.80, P<0.01], the hypertension risk factors [84.3% (9 564/11 333) vs. 72.5%(1 501/2 069), χ 2=12.83, P<0.01), and the health behaviors after hypertension [84.9% (9 629/11 333) vs. 67.7%(1 402/2 069), χ 2=187.24, P<0.01] in intervention group were all significantly higher than those in control group. The stratified analysis showed that among students in elementary school, junior high school and high school, there were significant differences in the awareness rate of adverse consequences [94.4% (2 019/2 138) vs. 81.6% (3 829/4 690), 86.2% (3 887/4 505), χ 2=199.31, P<0.01], awareness rate of risk factor [86.8% (1 857/2 138) vs.86.1% (4 038/4 690), 81.4% (3 669/4 505) , χ 2=49.96, P<0.01); and awareness rate of correct behavior [89.9% (1 923/2 138) vs. 86.1% (4 037/4 690), 81.4% (3 669/4 505) χ 2=89.77, P<0.01]. Up to 95.9% (10 868/11 333) students in the intervention group liked the hypertension health education. Conclusion:Based on the school health education curriculum, the intervention measures of hypertension health education are effective, and the awareness rate of hypertension related knowledge among senior high school students is significantly improved.

OBJECTIVE: To construct a magnetic and catalytic hairpin assembly-based platform for detection of dual membrane proteins on exosomes. METHODS: Exosomes in supernatant of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell culture were separated, purified and characterized. Super-resolution imaging and Western blotting were performed to confirm the expression of the membrane protein CD63 on the exosomes. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to verify the combination of Apt-T and exosomes. Fluorescence experiments were carried out to test the feasibility of CHA nucleic acid sequence, optimize the reaction conditions, and determine the specificity of the detection platform. RESULTS: Super-resolution imaging and Western blotting showed that breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell-derived exosomes expressed abundant membrane protein CD63. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that Apt-T could recognize and bind to exosomes. The results of specificity test showed that the signal-to-noise ratio of the detection platform was 1.10±0.01 for detecting normal human breast epithelial cell-derived exosomes, and was 2.09±0.08 for breast cancer cell-derived exosomes. CONCLUSIONS Magnetic and catalytic hairpin assembly-based detection platform allows simultaneous detection of two membrane proteins expressed on exosomes and identification of the expressions of membrane proteins on exosomes from different sources.
Blotting, Western ; Exosomes ; Humans ; Magnetic Phenomena ; Membrane Proteins ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective: To study the incidence of bloodstream infections, pathogen distribution, and antibiotic resistance profile in patients with hematological malignancies. Methods: From January 2018 to December 2021, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics, pathogen distribution, and antibiotic resistance profiles of patients with malignant hematological diseases and bloodstream infections in the Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University. Results: A total of 582 incidences of bloodstream infections occurred in 22,717 inpatients. From 2018 to 2021, the incidence rates of bloodstream infections were 2.79%, 2.99%, 2.79%, and 2.02%, respectively. Five hundred ninety-nine types of bacteria were recovered from blood cultures, with 487 (81.3%) gram-negative bacteria, such as Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Eighty-one (13.5%) were gram-positive bacteria, primarily Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Enterococcus faecium, whereas the remaining 31 (5.2%) were fungi. Enterobacteriaceae resistance to carbapenems, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam, and tigecycline were 11.0%, 15.3%, 15.4%, and 3.3%, with a descending trend year on year. Non-fermenters tolerated piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam, and quinolones at 29.6%, 13.3%, and 21.7%, respectively. However, only two gram-positive bacteria isolates were shown to be resistant to glycopeptide antibiotics. Conclusions: Bloodstream pathogens in hematological malignancies were broadly dispersed, most of which were gram-negative bacteria. Antibiotic resistance rates vary greatly between species. Our research serves as a valuable resource for the selection of empirical antibiotics.
Humans ; Bacteremia/epidemiology* ; Cefoperazone ; Sulbactam ; Retrospective Studies ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Sepsis ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology* ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination ; Escherichia coli

Adult ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Craniopharyngioma ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Neurosurgery ; Young Adult