Humans ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

The blood pressure of cerebrovascular disease patients with hypertension should be well controlled to prevent the occurrence of stroke.In the acute phase,blood pressure of stroke patients should be controlled around 160/100 mmHg.It is safe to make the blood pressure less than 140/90 mmHg after the stroke.Diuretics,ACEI,ARB,CCB and combination of antihypertensive drugs could be used for secondary prevention of stroke.

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is one of the common forms of secondary hypertension.Compared with essential hypertension patients,PA patients have a higher incidence of target organ damage and cardiovascular events.Elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanisms will likely aid the development of targeted treatments and improve prognosis for PA patients.At present,studies have elucidated the pathogenesis of familial hyperaldosteronism type Ⅰ,while the study of the pathogenesis of other subtypes is still in progressing.This review introduces the current studies on the molecular genetics of primary aldosteronism.

Objective To investigate the relationship between MLCP and hypertension pathomechanism of SHR by comparing 130 kD、38 kD、21 kD subunits in aorta,heart,kidney and brain of spontaneously hypertensive rat(SHR) and Wistar Kyoto rat(WKY).Methods The aorta,heart,kidney and brain were obtained from 10 SHRs and 10 WKY rats,and each tissue was freshly removed and weighed and rapidly frozen in liquid nitrogen,homogenized with buffer solution,total protein concentration was rectified according to the methods of Bradford,and SDS-PAGE、Western blots and chemo-luminescence were carried out to determine the content of three subunits,the results were estimated by ABS.t-Test and ANOVA were used to analyzed data.Results The contents of 130kDa,38kDa,21kDa subunits of SHR among the different organs were markedly different,the highest contents of 130kDa was located in the aorta;but the kidney had the highest contents of 38kDa subunit and 21kDa subunit was the highest in the aorta too.Conclusion The difference among the contents of 130kDa subunit、38kDa subunit and 21kDa subunit of SHR and WKY in the different organs implied that abnormity of MLCP' structure and function was associated with hypertension pathomechanism of SHR.

Tis study discusses the applicable relationship between Buyang-huanwu decoction and hemodynamic cerebral infarction from pathogenesis of Qi asthenia causing blood stasis.pathological features of hemodynamic cerebral infarction and the function and mechanism of Buyang-huanwu decoction and so on.It also investigates the methods of applying Buyang-huanwu decoction to treat hemodynamic cerebral infarction from such aspects as dose,occasion,contraindication and attentions.

Objective:To compare influence of Cushing's syndrome and essential hypertension (EH)on metabolic in-dexes.Methods:A total of 22 pathologically confirmed patients With Cushing's syndrome Were regarded as Cushing group and 22 EH patients,Who admitted in the same period With matched age,gender,nationality,body mass index (BMI)and mean blood pressure level for Cushing group,Were enrolled as EH group.Fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2h postprandial blood glucose (2hPBG),fasting insulin (FINS),2h postprandial insulin (2hINS),homeostasis mod-el-insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR),total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG)and high density lipoprotein cho-lesterol (HDL-C)etc.Were compared betWeen tWo groups,and they Were statistically analyzed.Results:Com-pared With EH group,there Were significant increase in FBG [(4.75±0.44)mmol/L vs.(6.31±0.51)mmol/L], FINS [(13.04±2.68)mU/L vs.(29.05±2.92)mU/L],2hPBG [(7.32±0.82)mmol/L vs.(8.96±1.14)mmol/L],2hINS [(37.66±9.21)mU/L vs.(104.45±23.14)mU/L],HOMA-IR [(2.57±0.44)vs.(7.96±0.56)], TC [(4.15±0.93)mmol/L vs.(5.17±1.35)mmol/L]and TG [(1.44±0.87)mmol/L vs.(2.24±1.25)mmol/L]in Cushing group,P<0.05 or<0.01.Conclusion:Compared With essential hypertension,there are more meta-bolic changes and more obvious insulin resistance in Cushing's syndrome.

OBJECTIVETo observe the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in deep second-degree scald wounds,with an attempt to further explore the role of VEGF in burn wound healing.

METHODSTotally 36 adult Wistar rats were randomized into two groups: the scald group(30 rats)and the control group(6 rats). In the scald group,rat models of deep second-degree scald wounds were established. Full-thickness tissues of the wounds were collected respectively 1,3,7,14,and 21 days after the modeling. The expressions of the VEGF mRNA and protein were detected with real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot,respectively. In the control group,the same procedures were performed but without modeling.

RESULTSCompared with the control group,the expressions of VEGF mRNA and proteins were significantly higher in the scald group(P<0.05). The expression levels reached the peak on day 1,gradually decreased on day 3,reached the lowest points on day 14,but increased again on day 21.

CONCLUSIONSVEGF is involved in the healing of scald burns. The expression of VEGF during the wound healing is closely correlated with the wound angiogenesis.

Animals ; Burns ; metabolism ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; Wound Healing ; physiology

BACKGROUNDThe role of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) is recognized in treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of TCM serving as consolidation treatment in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

METHODSOne hundred and sixty-two patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer were divided into two arms.Arm A(observation arm):81 cases,TCM serving as consolidation treatment after conventional treatment;Arm B(control arm):81 cases,only conventional treatment,no TCM serving as consolidation treatment.The TCM was given according mainly to the syndrome differentiation.Four types were found in the arm A:lung and spleen-qi deficiency type,the lung heat and phlegm-dampness type,the lung-yin and stomach-yin deficiency type,and the qi stagnation with blood stasis type.

RESULTS1-,2-,3-and 5-year survival rate accounted for 70.3%,37.0%,20.9% and 8.6% in arm A,and 61.7%,20.9%,8.6% and 3.7% in arm B,respectively.Median survival time was 18 months in arm A and 12 months in arm B,respectively.Statistically,2-and 3-year survival rate of arm A and arm B had significant difference(P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSTCM serving as consolidation treatment in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer might be closely related to 2-and 3-year survival rate and median survival time improvement,but not to 5-year survival rate.

Objective To investigate awareness of hypertension prevention and treatment knowledge in physicians from hospitals at varied levels in Xinjiang. Methods In total, 150 voluntary physicians were selected randomly from hospitals at varied levels in Xinjiang for an anonymous close-book baseline survey on hypertension knowledge with questionnaire. Then, an intensive training on hypertension prevention and treatment based on Guidelines on Prevention and Treatment for Hypertension in China was offered for them.After training, another survey was conducted among them with the same questionnaire to examine improvement in their awareness of hypertension prevention and treatment knowledge and evaluate effectiveness of the training. Results At baseline, 89. 3 percent (134/150) of physicians could correctly know diagnostic criteria for hypertension, 78. 3 percent ( 18/23 ) of them from primary-care hospitals, and 52. 0 percent (78/150) could correctly know level of blood pressure under control, only 34. 8 percent (8/23) of them from primary-care hospitals. Only 67 (44. 7% ) physicians surveyed could know criteria for non-antihypertensive drug treatment, 27 of then from secondary-care hospitals and nine from primary-care ones, significant less in that among those from tertiary-care ones ( 88. 6%, 31/35 ) ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). After training, their awareness of hypertension prevention and treatment knowledge improved significantly ( P ＜0. 01). Conclusions Awareness of hypertension prevention and treatment knowledge differed considerably in physicians from hospitals at varied levels, poorer in those from primary-care hospitals, and more importance should be attached to them, especially to those from primary-care hospitals.

Objective To assess the effectiveness of the quotient of serum sodium to urinary sodium divided by (serum potassium) 2 to urinary potassium (SUSPPUP) in screening for primary aldosteronism (PA).Methods Among 952 patients with hypertension who had renin activity,aldosterone measurements and concomitant serum and urinary biochemistry data,204 patients were diagnosed as cases of PA and 261 as cases of essential hypertension.Diagnosis of PA was made in accordance with established laboratory criteria including renin activity and aldosterone,plasma aldosterone concentration/plasma renin activity (ARR),and saline loading test.The SUSPPUP ratio with the ARR were compared in two groups.Results The area under the curve of SUSPPUP and ARR was 0.797 and 0.796 respectively according to receiver operating characteristic curve,optimal cutoff of SUSPPUP was 1.0,the sensitivity and specificity of SUSPPUP was 98.9％ and 81％ respectively.Conclusions The SUSPPUP ratio is an inexpensive and rapid tool to assess the extent of mineralocorticoid excess,therefore,SUSPPUP ratio can be applied to screen PA in hypertensive patients.