Aim Tostudytheinfluencesofsulfated polysaccharides ( SPPM60-D) on the regulation of free calcium concentration ( [ Ca2+] i ) of T lymphocytes of mice in vitro and explore the mechanisms involved. Methods Polysaccharides(PPM60)wereextracted from masson pine pollen with hot water and 60% etha-nol. PPM60-D was separated and purified from PPM60 with Sephacryl S-400HR. Sulfated polysaccharides ( SPPM60-D ) were derivated by chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine method and the [ Ca2+] i of T lymphocytes were measured by fluorescence spectrophotometer. IL-2 and IL-4 were measured by ELISA kits. Results ConAandSPPM60-Dcouldincrease[Ca2+]iinT lymphocytes by 211. 5% and 201. 8% respectively ( P<0. 01). 2-APB, LY294002, U73122 and verapamil rather than TAK-242 could significantly inhibit the in-crease of [ Ca2+] i induced by SPPM60-D. SPPM60-D could significantly increase the level of IL-2 and IL-4 in supernatant ( P <0. 01 ) . 2-APB rather than TAK-242 could significantly inhibit the increase of cyto-kines.Conclusion ItisspeculatedthatSPPM60-D could increase [ Ca2+ ] i via TCR/CD3-PI3K-PLC-IP3 R-Ca2+ signal pathway through TCD/CD3 receptor in T lymphocytes so that it could improve the level of IL-2 and IL-4 in supernatant in T lymphocytes.

To investigate the application of seminar teaching on postgraduate education of ophthalmology,postgraduate from Grade 2008 to Grade 2010 were divided into experiment groups and control groups.Seminar teaching and conventional teaching were applied to two groups respectively.The performances of seminar teaching groups at each grade were better than the control groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Thus,seminar teaching can enhance theory and operation ability of postgraduate.

AIM:There is little evidence proving the molecular mechanism of WenxinKeli ( WXKL) .This study tried to explore the gene ex-pression profile and pathology alteration of WXKL-treated rabbits with myocardial infarction .METHOD: Twenty male adult rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups:sham, model, WXKL and captopril groups .Model, WXKL and captopril groups underwent the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery , while sham group went through an identical procedure without ligation .WXKL (817 mg? kg-1? d-1), captopril (8 mg? kg -1? d-1) and distilled water (model and sham) were administered orally to the rabbits. 4 weeks later, hearts were taken out for expression chip and pathological staining (HE, Masson and TUNEL) after echocardiography. RESULT:WXKL could down-regulate genes associated with inflammation (CX3CR1, MRC1, and FPR1), apoptosis (cathepsin C and TTC5) and neuro-hormonal system (ACE and EDN1), and up-regulate angiogenesis promoting gene like RSPO 3, which explained why WXKL group represented with better cardiac function , less histopathological injury and slighter apoptosis .CONCLUSION:WXKL plays an important role in suppressing inflammation , inhibiting renin-angiotensin system and alleviating apoptosis , and might be a promising Chinese medicine in treating patients with myocardial infarction .

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical value of transvaginal elastography in diagnosing cervical cancers.MethodsTotally,124 patients of cervical lesions with definite pathological results were enrolled.Elastograms were collected and the strain ratios of the benign and malignant lesions were record and compared.ROC curve was used to find the best cut-off point.ResultsElastography was useful in differentiating benign and malignant lesions by different color.Values of strain ratio of different pathological lesions were statistically different ( P ＜0.01).The mean value of strain ratio was 2.71 ± 1.56 for benign lesions and 8.32 ± 4.11 for malignant ones.The best cut-off point was 4.99 basing on the ROC curve.The sensitivity and specificity were 80.7％ and 89.6％,respectively.ConclusionsReal-time transvaginal elastography was a new way in differential diagnosing cervical cancers from benign lesions of the cervix.

Objective The expression of TGF-β1 and IL-10 in the grafts of inbred mice with rejection of heart transplantation were studied and the interaction of them in the rejection of heart transplantation in inbred mice investigated.Methods Allografts were divided into 2 groups:control group (n =70),cyclosporin A-treated group (CsA group,n =70).Hearts from inbred BABL/c mice were transplanted into a cervical location in the other recipients and the survival time of the allografts was observed.The local expression of TGF-β1 and IL-10 was detected at day 1,3,7,11,14,21 by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCT) respectively.Results The survival time of the allografts was (20.3 ± 1.7) days in control group,and(32.2 t 3.4) days in CsA group (P ＜ 0.01).The levels of the two cytokines expression were up-regulated in CsA group.The up-regulation of TGF-β1 was closely correlated with the survival of the grafts.Conclusion The expression and production of the two cytokines is up-regulated probably cause of administ ration of cyclosporin A,and favorite to the heart graft survival,and action of these two cytokines are probably interrelated.

Background and purpose:A variety of measures are taken preoperatively to reduce the tumor size of stageⅠb2 bulky cervical cancer before surgery. Which one is safer and more effective, currently, there is no consensus. This article compared the effect in 3 different treatment methods (neoadjuvant chemotherapy, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and operation) on patients with stageⅠb2 bulky cervical cancer, and provided evidence for clinical decision. Methods:Retrospective analysis the clinical date of 133Ⅰb2 bulky cervical cancer patients, who received preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and direct operation from Apr. 2006 to Oct. 2010 in our hospital. Results: The effective rates of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy group were 91.8% and 92.5%, respectively, there was no statistical difference(P>0.05). The tumor size got smaller after treatment compared with the size before treatment (P<0.05);The pathological efifciency rates were 95.56%and 97.30%, respectively, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The bleeding volume of neoadjuvant chemo radio therapy group was significantly higher than those in the other 2 groups (158.9±50.7 vs 116.8±45.5, 123.1±30.2;P<0.05), the infection of immediate surgery group was more severe than the other 2 groups (P<0.05). The pairwise comparison of average operation time in neoadjuvant chemotherapy group, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy group, and the immediate surgery group, pairwise comparisons of neoadjuvant chemotherapy group and the immediate surgery group in bleeding, comparion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy group and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy group on postoperative infection, and the comparison of the 3 groups on pelvic organ injury and lymphocele, had no statistical difference(P>0.05);Pathological examination showed that vascular invasion in surgery group had statistical differences than other 2 groups (P<0.05), there was no patient with positive margin in the 3 groups, and the lymph node metastasis rates also had no statistical difference (P>0.05);Besides, there were no statistical difference on vascular invasion between the 3 groups (P>0.05);And on 3-year overall survival, disease-free survival there was no statistical difference between the 3 groups (P>0.05). Conclusion:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy can effectively reduce tumor size for patients with stage Ⅰb2 bulky cervical cancer before operation, it is better than direct surgery or preoperative chemoradiotherapy in improving the resection rate, and reducing postoperative pathological positive rate, and infection. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy can improve the pathological complete remission rate. The combination of radiation and chemotherapy might produce synergistic effect on huge cervical tumor, but it can’t improve the survival rate. Therefore, neoadjuvant chemotherapy is the best choice for the stageⅠb2 cervical cancer patients. Therefore, a long-term follow-up or large sample randomized controlled trials is necessary to assess the prognosis of preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Objective To compare theshort-term efficacy and safety between TP and PVB scheme chemoradiation for advanced cervical cancer. Methods Between January 2012 and January 2014, 187 Xinjiang uygur patients with advanced cervical cancer (stageⅡb to Ⅳa) who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy in Xinjiang medical university affiliated tumor hospital were analyzed. A1l cases were divided into two groups receiving radiotherapy concomitant (n = 104), PVB group (n = 83). Theshort-term efficacy and toxicity was evaluated four weeks aftertreatment. Results For squamous cell carcinomas, the response rates were 85.9% and 73.5% in TP and PVB group respectively (P > 0.05). For Non-squamous cell carcinomas (adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous), the response rates were 75.7% and 40% in TP and PVB group respectively (P < 0.05). B one marrow suppression, neurotoxicity, gastrointestinal reactionwere significant different between two groups (P <0.05). Liver and kidney functiondisorder, blood cellsreduction, and radiation damagewere not significantly different (P > 0.05). Conclusions For cervical squamous cell carcinomas, theshort-term efficacy of two chemotherapy regimens is similar while forNon-squamous cell carcinomas, TP regimengroup is superior toBone marrow suppression and neurotoxicity in TP regimengroup is significantly higher than PVB group (P < 0.05), while gastrointestinal adverse reaction lower than PVBgroup.

Objective To observe the relationship between clinical medication and the prognosis in elderly community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).Methods A prospective randomized controlled single-blind study in Tianjin Hospital Internal Medicine.A total of 160 elderly patients with CAP were selected from January 2011 and January 2015.According to the computer,patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,80 cases in each group.Treatment group adopted routine treatment and moderate amount of glucocorticoids in combination with a low-dose of diuretic,and the control group only received routine treatment.In two groups of patients,we observed the initial treatment effect,change in pulse oxygen saturation,the rate of invasive test,the incidence of adverse reactions,mortality rate,total hospital stay,etc.Results Compared with control group,the initial treatment was better,the improvement rate in SPO2 was increased,and the rate of invasive test was decreased in treatment group 72 hours after treatment (x2 =6.234,3.906 and 7.059,respectively,P=0.013,0.048 and 0.008).After the overall prognosis and outcome analysis,compared with control group,the percentage of patients transferred to the intensive care unit,the mortality rate was decreased (x2=4.783 and 4.737,P=0.029 and 0.030),hospitalization cost was declined,and the total hospital stay was shorted (x2 =-72.087 and-5.127,both P＜0.0001).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions such as electrolyte disorder and mental disorder(both P＞0.05).Conclusions Corticosteroids in combination with a low-dose of diuretic for the auxiliary treatment of elderly CAP can reduce the mortality rate,decrease the rate of invasive test,and shorten the duration of hospitalization,with no obvious increase of adverse events,and it help to improve the prognosis of CAP patients.

Objective To explore the protective effect and mechanism of astaxanthin (AST) on the acute kidney injury induced by iohexol in rats.Method Thirty rats were randomly divided into five groups:control group (Ctrl);iohexol group (CM);astaxanthin group (AST,100 mg/kg),low astaxanthin dose group (LAST+CM,50 mg/kg) and high astaxanthin dose group (HAST+CM,100 mg/kg),6 in each group.The rats in AST,LAST+CM,HAST+CM groups were administrated with AST by oral gavages using an intubation needle for 10 consecutive days.The rats in Ctrl and CM groups rats in Ctrl,CM groups were given with dissolvant instead in equal volume.Except for the Ctrl and AST groups,on day 8,rats were given indomethacin,L-NAME and iohexol in their femoral vein under chloral hydrate anesthesia to build a contrast induced-nephropathy (CIN) model.At the end of the experiment (72 h after CIN induction),all rats were sacrificed.The Scr level,BUN level,renal histology,renal tissue activities in superoxide dismutase (SOD),catalase (CAT),glutathione peroxidase (GPx),Glutathione (GSH) and level of malondialdehyde (MDA) were performed.Apoptosis of renal cells was detected by Bcl-2,Bax and Caspase-3 p17 with Western blot.Results Compared with Ctrl group,the levels of Scr,BUN were significantly increased in CM group (all P ＜ 0.01);while compared with CM group,the indicators were decreased in treatment groups (P ＜ 0.01).Renal tubular structure damage,medulla congestion,loss of brush border,vacuolar degeneration,apoptosis and proteinaceous casts were observed in the CM group,and the renal injury scores were higher compared with Ctrl group (P ＜ 0.05),however,administrated with AST could significantly improve the changes (P ＜ 0.05).Oxidative stress indicators showed that MDA level were increased while SOD,GPx,GSH activities were significantly decreased at CM group (all P ＜ 0.05),and the indicators above were ameliorated in treatment groups (all P ＜ 0.05).Western blot showed that the expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated while the Bax,Caspase 3 p17 was up-regulated respectively at CM group (P ＜ 0.05),while the HAST+CM group could prevent the changes.Conclusions Iohexol can results in oxidative stress increased in kidney,which activate Caspase-3 p17 signal path,down-regulated Bcl-2 expression,up-regulated Bax expression respectively,and lead to cell apoptosis.AST can ameliorate the changes,especially with high AST dose,which suggest that the possible protection mechanism is by ameliorating oxidative stress and inhibiting apoptosis pathways.

Objective:To study the effect of GABA and A receptor agonist THIP on proliferation and apoptosis of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells.Methods:CIK cells were cultured by routine method,and then treated with different concentrations of GABA and THIP.The proliferation of CIK cells were investigated by MTT assay.The apoptosis,cell cycle and immunophenotype were investigated by flow cytometry.Results:GABA could inhibit the proliferation of CIK cells in a dose-dependent manner and affect the distribution of cell cycle of CIK cells(P