It is high time to regulate the Chinese medical ethics review system and construct a supervision system of medical ethics review.According to the guideline of WHO,models of supervision system of medical ethic review in certain developed countries,and national conditions,this paper proposes several countermeasures including perfecting related legal system,constructing certification system of ethics review committee,and formulating integrated contents and procedure of supervision.

Objective To investigate the teaching effectiveness of preventive medicine and ask the students for feedback on the curriculum in order to reform the teaching methods.Methods Questionnaire survey.Sampling survey.Results 89.2％ of students have realized the importance of preventive medicine.Respectively 16.4％ and 7.5％ of students have no interesting on the curriculum due to teachers'matter and students' idea that the course is uselessness for their major and future career.75.1％ of students are interest in Nutrition and Food Hygiene,35.2％ of students dislike Medical Statistics,and 45.3％ of students think the most tough part is Medical Statistics.78.9％ of students wish to have more practice lessons.30.5％ of students do not ask teachers questions because of no communication with teachers after class.Conclusions Preventive Medicine is still ignored by a few students.The more tough the content is,the less interest the students have. Repeatedly emphasizing the importance of Preventive Medicine in medical education,adopting and combining with the community practical cases in class lectures and frequently communicating between teachers and students after class are suggested.

Objective To investigate analgesia of dezocine in abdominal anesthesia postoperative.Methods 80 cases (ASA I ~II)abdominal surgery under general anesthesia patients required postoperative analgesia,according to different postoperative analgesia drug,patients were randomly divided into 2 groups:dezocine group (group D),dezocine 0.6 mg/kg+ondansetron 4mg plus 0.9% sodium chloride to 100 mL,loading dose of intravenous patient controlled analgesia (PCIA);fentanyl group (group F),fentanyl 12 g/kg+ondansetron 4mg plus 0.9% sodium chloride to 100 mL,loading dose plus PCIA,recorded after 2,4,8,12,24,48 h visual analog scale (VAS)and Ramsay sedation score.Results The 2 groups were not statistically significant differences in VAS score and Ramsay score,and the incidence of adverse reaction of fentanyl group was significantly higher than that of dezocine group (P<0.01).Conclusion Dezocine group could provide analgesia safe and comfortable for patients after abdominal operation under general anesthesia.

Objective To investigate the effects of recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factors combined with new rehabilitative liquid on neonatal diaper dermatitis. Methods One hundred and twenty neotates with neonatal diaper dermatitis from August 2013 to July 2014 were randomly divided into the control group and experiment group, 60 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional care, while the observation group with recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factors combined with new rehabilitative liquid. The total effective rate and the treatment time were compared between the two groups. Result The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05) and the treatment time of the observation group was statistically significantly shorter than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factors combined with new rehabilitative liquid is effective in the treatment of neonatal diaper dermatitis and it is worth promoting and using clinically.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard for Gardenia jasminoides. METHODS:The moisture,total ash and extract were determined. HPLC was used for contents determination of geniposide,rutin,crocinⅠand crocinⅡ:the column was Waters Xbridge-C18 with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid(gradient elution,gardenia and rutin),methanol-water (45∶55,V/V,crocinⅠ,crocinⅡ)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min;detection wavelength was 256 nm for gardenia and rutin,440 nm for crocinⅠ,crocinⅡ;column temperature was 30℃;injection volume was 10μl for gardenia and rutin,5μl for crocinⅠ,cro-cinⅡ. RESULTS:The moisture total ash and ethanol-soluble extract of G. jasminoides were 5.8%-8.4%,3.7%-5.9% and 29.5%-37.9%,respectively. The linear range was 162.08-1 620.84 μg/ml for geniposide(r=0.999 9),2.07-20.72 μg/ml for rutin (r=0.999 9),8.04-80.41 μg/ml for crocinⅠ(r=0.999 9)and 1.05-10.53 μg/ml for crocinⅡ(r=0.999 9);RSDs of precision,sta-bility and reproducibility test were lower than 2%;recoveries were 99.33%-101.43%(RSD=1.09%,n=6),97.97%-101.83%(RSD=1.39%,n=6),97.97%-101.30%(RSD=1.36%,n=6) and 98.65%-103.04%(RSD=1.84%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The established standard can be used for the quality control of G. jasminoides commercially available.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba extract combined with olmesartan me-doxomil in the treatment of essential hypertension,and to discuss its effect on the expression of serum protein. METHODS:98 pa-tients with essential hypertension were selected and randomly divided into observation group A and observation group B,with 49 cases in each group;40 healthy volunteers were included in control group. Observation group A was given Olmesartan medoxomil tablet 20-40 mg,po,qd;observation group B was given Olmesartan medoxomil tablet 20-40 mg,po,qd+ Extract of G. biloba leaves tablet 40-80 mg,po,bid. Treatment course lasted for 4 weeks. Blood pressure(SBP and DBP),TCM symptom score,the repeti-tiveness and resolution ratio of 2-DE spectrum,protein differentiation expression point,related information of differentiation expres-sion protein in 3 groups and ADR of observation group were observed. RESULTS:After treatment,SBP,DBP and TCM symptom score of observation group were significantly lower than before;those indexes after 4 weeks of treatment were significantly lower than those after 2 weeks after treatment;the observation group B was significantly lower than the observation group A,with statisti-cal significance(P<0.05). The repetitiveness and resolution ratio of protein differentiation expression point in observation group B were significantly better than in observation group A after treatment. The expression of 15 protein points in observation group down-regulated before treatment,and up-regulated after treatment to different extents;the observation group B was closer to control group,compared to observation group A. The expression of 6 protein points up-regulated,and then down-regulated to different extent after treatment;the observation group B was closer to control group,compared to observation group A. A total of 11 protein points were identified. There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between observation group A and observation group B (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:G. biloba extract combined with olmesartan medoxomil greatly influences the expression of serum pro-tein in patients with essential hypertension and shows good antihypertensive and pressure-control effects with good safety.

We observed in a pilot study that there was a transient elevation of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level shortly after the transplantation in the patient with ischemic heart failure, which is unexplainable by the simultaneous increase of the cardiac output and six-minute walk distance. Similar findings were observed in the phase I trial. We postulated on the basis of the finding of Fukuda in vitro that this transient elevation of BNP level against the improvement of cardiac function and exercise capacity might indicate cardiomyogenesis in patients after mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. Further study is warranted to verify the hypothesis.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Middle Aged ; Muscle Development ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; physiology ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; physiology ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Ventricular Remodeling

This review summarized the biological activities of natural saponins,introduced its action mechanisms,clinical applications and research progresses in cardiovascular system,antitumor,immunological enhancement,blood sugar suppression,contraception,antifugal and insecticide,etc,and prospected its exploitations.

Objective To investigate the regulatory effect of glutamate signaling pathway on filopodia formation in epidermal cells and on melanosome transfer.Methods Epidermal melanocytes and keratinocytes were isolated from human foreskin and subjected to subculture.After two to three passages of subculture,the melanocytes and keratinocytes were cultured alone or in combination with or without the presence of MK801 (an antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor) of 100 μmol/L,or NMDA (the activator of NMDA receptor) of 100 μmol/L,for 24 hours.The melanocytes irradiated with UVB at 311 nm served as the control.Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the appearance of filopodia and dendrites of melanocytes and keratinocytes.Melanosome transfer was visualized under confocal laser scanning microscopy after double immunofluorescent staining.Results Although no obvious changes were observed in the number of dendrites in monocultured melanocytes after treatment with MK801 or NMDA for 24 hours,dendrites became thinner at the terminus and longer with a decrease in the number and length of filopodia after MK801 treatment,but thicker and shorter with an increase in the number and length of filopodia after NMDA treatment compared with untreated monocultured melanocytes.In the coculture system,filopodia were observed between the untreated melanocytes and keratinocytes,and the number of filopodia in melanocytes was larger in the side adjacent to keratinocytes than in the opposite side.Compared with the untreated coculture system,the number of both filopodia connecting melanocytes and keratinocytes and filopodia extending from melanocytes to keratinocytes decreased in the coculture system after treatment with MK801 of 100 μmol/L,but increased after treatment with NMDA of 100 μmol/L,for 24 hours.Melanosomes were found in keratinocytes cocultured with melanocytes without treatment,which were decreased in number after 24-hour treatment with MK801 of 100 μmol/L,but increased in number and even present in keratinocytes nonadiacent to melanocytes after 24-hour treatment with NMDA of 100 μmol/L.Conclusion Glutamate signaling pathway may modulate the transfer of melanosomes from melanocytes to keratinocytes via modulating the appearance of melanocyte dendrites and formation of filopodia.

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of microRNA-9 (miR-9) on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells and its mechanism.METHODS: The gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 was transfected with miR-9 mimics or negative control mimic (NCM), as miR-9 or NCM group, respectively.The SGC-7901 cells without transfection were used as control group.The expression level of miR-9 in each group was detected by RT-qPCR.The migration and invasion abilities of the SGC-7901 cells in the 3 groups were detected by Transwell assay.The protein expression of N-cadherin, E-cadherin, α-catenin and neuropilin-1 (NRP1) was determined by Western blot.Antagonistic effect of NRP1 over-expression on miR-9 inhibition of EMT was detected by Western blot.The relationship between miR-9 and NRP1 was analyzed by dual luciferase assay.RESULTS: The expression level of miR-9 in miR-9 group was significantly up-regulated, which was 538 times higher than that in control group (P<0.05).The number of migratory cells in miR-9 group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05).Compared with control group, the protein expression of N-cadherin and NRP1 in miR-9 group was significantly decreased, while the protein expression of E-cadherin and α-catenin protein was significantly increased.Over-expression of NRP1 resulted in the increase in the protein expression of N-cadherin in the gastric cancer cells of miR-9 group, and the decrease in the protein expression of E-cadherin and α-catenin significantly.The result of dual luciferase assay showed that NRP1 was a downstream target gene of miR-9 (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: miR-9 may inhibit the expression of EMT-related proteins through the downstream target gene NRP1, thus inhibiting the EMT of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells.