Abstract: Objective　To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of 151 cases of melioidosis and the drug resistance of Burkholderia pseudomallei (BP), in order to provide the basis for diagnosis, treatment and reasonable prevention of melioidosis. Methods　A total of 151 inpatients and outpatients from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University from January 1, 2013 to August 31, 2022 were collected, and clinical specimens were submitted for examination to isolate and identify BP strains. The clinical data of 151cases of melioidosis and the drug resistance characteristics of pathogenic bacteria were retrospectively analyzed, and using SPSS26.0 software for statistical analysis. Results　Among 151 cases with BP infection, there were 138 males (91.4%) and 13 females (8.6%); the most patients were aged from 45-<60 years old, accounting for 74 cases (49.0%); melioidosis incidence was concentrated in October (19.2%), November (19.2%), August (9.9%) and July (8.6%), and; the number of confirmed cases showed an increasing trend and the time for confirmation was <10 d; Internal medicine system (31.1%), surgery system (26.5%) and intensive care department (20.5%) were the common departments for treating melioidosis; blood (49.0%), sputum (9.9%) and wound secretion (8.6%) were the main clinical specimens for detecting BP; pulmonary infection (68.2%), sepsis (35.1%) and local suppurative infection (23.8%) were the top clinical manifestations in patients with BP infection; the effective rate of treating melioidosis was 74.8%; abnormal liver function was a risk factor for the curative effect of melioidosis (χ2=5.010, P<0.05); the sensitivity rates of BP strains to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SXT), doxycycline (DOX), imipenem(IPM), ceftazidime (CAZ), amoxicillin/clavulanate (AMC) and tetracycline (TCY) were generally more than 90%, with sensitivities of 98.7%, 97.2%, 96.7%, 94.0%, 93.2% and 90.7%, respectively. Conclusions　It can be concluded that misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis of melioidosis is easy to occur, and the understanding of the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors in this area should be strengthened. The sensitivity of BP to commonly used antibiotics has shown a certain downward trend, clinical use should be standardized, and drug resistance monitoring should be strengthened to improve the efficacy of melioidosis treatment.

Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pacemaker, Artificial ; adverse effects ; Tricuspid Valve Stenosis ; etiology

Ideas of professor KONG Zhao-xia about acupuncture points were explained through the discussion of four aspects of meridian points and extra-ordinary points, confirmed points and non-confirmed points (Ashi points), located points and the area of points, the area of points and area of non-points. Acupoints are the special responsive spots of qi and blood on the body surface. All meridian points, confirmed points, extra-ordinary points, non-confirmed points possess peculiar functions, thus, more attention should be paid to selection and combination of points. The size of acupoint area, the therapeutic effects as well as acupuncture manipulation depend upon the location of acupoints. Acupuncture and moxibustion are two kinds of therapies, and both of them have own indications, so, you should attach same importance to the two therapies. Acupuncture and moxibustion are important therapeutic techniques and belong to external therapies. They could be applied alone, or be used in combination with Chinese herbal medicine according to conditions of the patient.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Moxibustion

Objective To investigate the ionic mechanism of remifentanil-induced vaso-relaxation by recording calcium-activated K~+-currents(IKCa)in human arterial smooth muscle cells(MASMCs).Methods Human MASMCs were obtained freshly by the method of enzymolysis.IKCa were separated with 4-AP 5 mmol?L~(-1) and recorded by the whole-cell voltage-clamped technique.The effects of remifentanil(1.2,4.8,19.4 mmol?L~(-1))on amplitude and threshold of activation for IKCa were assessed.Results Remifentanil significantly increased IKCa and had no effect on the threshold of activation for IKCa as compared with the control group(P＜0.05 or 0.01),and the IKCa returned to the baseline level after remifentanil was washed out.Conclusion Remifentanil produces vasodilation by activating IKCa in MASMCs.

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical efficacy of Chinese traditional herbs (CTH) alone or combined with Western medicine (conventional treatment plus different doses of prednisone) in treating anaphylactic purpura nephritis (APN).

METHODSClinical data of 232 patients with APN were collected and analyzed. They were assigned to four groups. Patients in Group A1 were treated with CTH; in Group A2 were treated initially with Western medicine but turned midway to CTH; in Group B1 and B2 treated with CTH combined with conventional Western medicine and plus low or high dose of prednisone respectively. The comprehensive clinical efficacy on symptoms, physical signs, routine urine examination, blood creatinine and urea nitrogen, as well as the treatment duration and long-term effect in the four groups were observed.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference in the comprehensive clinical effects among the four groups (P > 0.05). However, the treatment duration was significantly shorter in Group A1 and B1 than in the other two groups (P < 0.01). Follow-up study on patients in similar duration showed similar reoccurrence rate among groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONChinese herbs has definite effects on APN with the treatment course shorter than that of other treatments, the optimal protocol for treatment of APN is applying Chinese herbs alone or combined with conventional Western medicine plus low dose prednisone. It is necessary to conduct a follow-up study even though the patients have been cured.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nephritis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Phytotherapy ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch ; complications ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo discuss the relations of dental fluorosis and the social economic status in fluorosis-stricken villages where drying the corn by burning coal was prevail.

METHODSA total of 6 fluorosis-endemic villages and one non-endemic village were involved in the study. The general fluorine intake and the concentrations of fluorine in corn, in the pupils' were tested. Dental fluorosis among the pupils was also examen. A individual interview or household questionnaire survey was conducted to probe the economic condition and staple food structure in 600 adults.

RESULTSThe fluorosis prevalence was lower in the villages of transportation convenience, higher income, less coal-dried corn intake. There was a declining trend of dental fluorosis in the corresponding age groups (r: 0.912, 0.916; P < 0.05); There was no significant changes in age-specified dental fluorosis in the low income villages. The correlation (r) of corn fluorine concentration and student's age-specified dental fluorosis prevalence and disparity was 0.755 - 0.980 (P < 0.05) and 0.302 - 0.811; The urine fluorine concentrations were 0.811 and 0.915 (P < 0.05). It was assumed that there was a negative correlation between family cash income and the dental fluorosis.

CONCLUSIONSThe corn fluorine concentration is closely related to age-specified dental fluorosis. With the economic improvement, taking less coal-burned corn is the one of major factors in reducing the of dental fluorosis in these areas.

China ; Coal ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Feeding Behavior ; Fluorine ; analysis ; urine ; Fluorosis, Dental ; economics ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Rural Population ; Zea mays

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation of serum sex hormones and parathyroid hormone (PTH) with the biochemical markers of bone turnover in aged men.

METHODSWe collected the laboratory data of 465 men aged 60- 93 (73. 1 +/- 8. 3) years old, who came for routine physical examinations in our hospital. We obtained the levels of serum follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), PTH, 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 (25(OH) D3), and bone turnover markers C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), osteocalcin (OC) and amino-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP). We also determined free testosterone (FT) , bioactive testosterone (BT) , testosterone secretion index (TSI) and FT index (FTI), and analyzed the correlation of each index with the biochemical markers of bone turnover.

RESULTSThe concentrations of serum FSH, LH, and SHBG increased, while the levels of FT, BT, TSI, FTI, PTH, CTX, OC and PINP decreased with age, especially in those over 80 years old (P <0.05). PTH was positively correlated with CTX, OC and PINP (r =0. 227, 0. 269 and 0. 162, P <0. 01), even after the adjustment for age, while SHBG negatively correlated with OC (r = -0. 100, P <0.05). The bone turnover markers increased with the elevation of the PTH quartiles, with significant differences between the first and the fourth quartile (P <0. 01). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that age was correlated inversely with CTX, OC and PINP ( beta = -0. 126, -0. 141 and -0. 122, P <0.05) , PTH positively with the three markers (beta = 0. 196, 0.279 and 0.189; P <0. 001), and SHBG negatively with OC ( beta = -0. 100, P <0.05) .

CONCLUSIONAging is the fundamental cause of reduced bone turnover in aged men. The levels serum PTH and SHBG are significantly associated with the biochemical markers of bone turnover.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging ; Bone Density ; Bone Remodeling ; physiology ; Bone and Bones ; metabolism ; Estradiol ; blood ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parathyroid Hormone ; blood ; Testosterone ; blood

Objective To investigate the value of permeability surface (PS) in predicting hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in acute ischernic stroke (AIS) using CT peffusion (CTP).Methods The study included 31 consecutive patients who presented symptoms suggestive of an AIS for 3-9 h. All patients underwent CT examination (noncontrast CT,CTP).HT was determined by follow-up CT images.According to presence of HT,the AIS was divided into HT group (PSHT,11 patients) and non-HT group(PSNo-HT,20 patients).PS,cerebral blood flow (CBF),cerebral blood volume (CBV) and mean transit time (MTT) on both sides of brains were measured.The relative PS(rPS),relative CBF (rCBF),relative CBV(rCBV) and relative MTT(rMTT) were obtained by calculating the ratio of the values of bilateral regions.The rPS between PSHT and PSNo-HT was compared with an exact Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The rCBF,rCBV,rMTT and the PS of the ischemic side between PSHr and PSNo-HT were compared with independent-sample t test.Meanwhile,Spearman rank correlation analysis was conducted to analyze the relationship between the CTP parameters and HT.ResultsThe PS value of ischemic side was (1.61±0.77) ml · min - 1 · 100 g-1 for the PSHT group,and the value was (0.91 ± 0.49) ml · min - 1 · 100 g- 1 for the PSNo-HT group.For the PSHT group,rPS,rCBF,rCBV,rMTT were 2.76 ±0.78,0.32 ±0.18,0.66 ±0.31,2.67 ±0.71,and for the PSNo-HT group,rPS,rCBF,rCBV,rMTT were 1.35 ±0.19,0.50±0.21,0.91 ±0.28,2.62 ± 1.31.Compared with PSNo-HT,PSHT had higher rPS and PS value,and there were significant statistical differences (U =0.000,t =3.070,P ＜0.01).But rCBF and rCBV values were lower in the PSHT group compared to the PSNo-HT group,and there were significant statistical differences (trCsF =2.343,trCBV =2.210,P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant statistical difference in rMTT between the two groups(t =0.118,P ＞ 0.05).Significant positive correlations were detected between the rPS and PS with HT(r=0.496,0.821,P ＜0.01).ConclusionsThe value of rPS is helpful in predicting HT in AIS.And it can be used as a predictor in determining clinical personalized treatment and thus reduce the incidence of adverse events.

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of Aurora-B in human glioma tissue and its significance.

METHODSThe total RNA was extracted from 41 human glioma tissues and 11 normal brain tissues by Trizol reagent. After reverse transcription of the total RNA into cDNAs, Aurora-B mRNA expressions in these samples were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. The protein expression in these samples was detected using immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTSAurora-B mRNA and protein expressions were significantly increased in glioma tissues as compared with those in normal brain tissues.

CONCLUSIONAurora-B mRNA and protein show markedly higher expressions in glioma tissue, suggesting that Aurora-B may be one of the malignant biomarkers in the pathogenesis and progression of human glioma.

Aurora Kinase B ; Aurora Kinases ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms ; enzymology ; pathology ; Female ; Glioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological and ultrastructural characteristics of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in children. Methods: A total of 345 cases of LCH from the Department of Pathology, Beijing Children Hospital from January 2012 to March 2016 were investigated by hematoxylin-eosin stain, EnVision immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. Results: The rate of primary clinical diagnosis of LCH in children was 46.0%(210/457). Among 345 patients of LCH, 213 were male and 132 were female, the male to female ratio was 1.6∶1.0, and the median age was 21 months (range from 2 days after birth to 13.3 years). There were total 597 lesions, including bony lesions (258, 43.2%), skin lesions (206, 34.5%) , followed by lymph node (16, 2.7%), lung (28, 4.7%), liver (25, 4.2%) and head-neck (50, 8.4%). Single organ system LCH (SS-LCH) was seen in 295 cases (85.5%) and 50 cases (14.5%) presented with multiple organ system involvement LCH (MS-LCH). There was no significant difference in age and gender between SS-LCH and MS-LCH groups. Regarding sites, more lesions were seen in bone and skin in SS-LCH group, in contrast lymph node, lung, liver and head-neck involvements were often seen in MS-LCH group. Immunohistochemically, the expression of CD1a and Langerin was seen in 99.7% (341/342) and 98.8% (338/342) of the cases respectively. The diagnostic rates by light and transmission electron microscopy were 98.8% (341/345) and 97.4% (112/115) respectively (P>0.05). Conclusions LCH of children occurs predominantly in SS-LCH pattern, frequently involving bone, skin, lymph node, lung and liver and other sites with unique histopathological, immunophenotypical and ultrastructural features. Accurate diagnosis relies on the morphology, immunophenotype and ultrastructural features. Further refinement of specimen processing may improve the accuracy of pathological diagnosis.