Objective To express the plasminogen activator(Pla) of Yersinia pestis and one of its gene fragments,and to detect their immunological reactivity.Methods The pla gene and its specific gene fragment pla-c were amplified by PCR using the EV76 strain as a template.PCR products were then ligated with the plasmid pET32a (+).The recombinant plasmids pET32a (+)-pla and pET32a (+)-pla-c were subsequently trausformed into E.coli BL21 (DE3).The expressed products were purified by HIS affinity chromatography,and their immunological reactivity was detected by Western blotting.Results The recombinant Pla(52.8 × 103) was expressed as inclusion bodies,and the recombinant Pla-c protein (24.0 × 103) was expressed in the soluble form.These two recombinant proteins reacted with anti-Yersinia pestis EV76 rabbit sera.Conclusions The recombinant Pla and its specific fragments have displayed immunological reactivity,and can be served as an alternative diagnosis method for Yersinia pestis.

OBJECTIVETo identify the effects of NMDA receptor subunits NR2A and NR2B expression in rat's hippocampus after exposure to 1800 MHz radiofrequency radiation.

METHODSFour-week old female Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, with 12 animals for each. The subjects in two experimental groups had been continuously exposed to 1800 MHz microwave radiation (CW) with respective power density of 0.5 mW/cm(2) and 1.0 mW/cm(2) 12 hours each day for 21 days. Meanwhile, sham-controls were carried out. The brain tissue sections were performed by immunohistochemistry to demonstrate both expressions of NR2A, NR2B immune-activity in the hippocampal CA1, CA3 and DG by using computer-assisted image analysis system.

RESULTSIn NR2A: the expression of 0.5 mW/cm(2) power density group was significantly lower than 0 mW/cm(2) power density group in CA3 [(8.5 +/- 1.5) vs (11.1 +/- 1.8), P < 0.01] and had not been significantly changed in CA1 and DG. The expression of 1.0 mW/cm(2) power density group was significantly lower than 0 mW/cm(2) power density group in CA1 and CA3 [(7.9 +/- 1.6) vs (9.7 +/- 1.5); (8.4 +/- 1.7) vs (11.1 +/- 1.8), respective P < 0.05, P < 0.01] and had not been significantly changed in DG. In NR2B: the expression of 0.5 mW/cm(2) power density group was significantly lower than 0 mW/cm(2) power density group in CA1 and CA3 [(16.4 +/- 1.0) vs (17.8 +/- 1.6); (9.6 +/- 1.9) vs (11.2 +/- 2.1), respective P < 0.05]. The expression of 1.0 mW/cm(2) power density group was significantly lower than 0 mW/cm(2) power density group in CA1, CA3 and DG [(13.1 +/- 2.4) vs (17.8 +/- 1.6); (9.3 +/- 1.4) vs (11.2 +/- 2.1); (7.3 +/- 0.1) vs (8.5 +/- 1.0), respective P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.05].

CONCLUSIONThere were findings of the effects on NMDA receptor subunits in different hippocampus sections after exposure to 1800 MHz radiofrequency radiation.

Animals ; Female ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Immunohistochemistry ; Radio Waves ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; biosynthesis

OBJECTIVETo determine the biomechanical characteristics of mandibular fractures in different site.

METHODSNine adult mandibular specimens were measured precisely. The data was used to establish a three-dimensional model. When mandibular was under functional loading, the bending and torsion moment as well as shear force of angle, body and symphyseal fracture was calculated. The data were analyzed by Origin 6.0 software.

RESULTSAngle fracture had relatively high positive bending moment and high shear force. Body fracture had positive as well as negative bending moment and the highest torsion moments. Symphyseal fracture had only negative bending moment and relatively low shear force.

CONCLUSIONAngle, body and symphyseal fractures each have a biomechanics characteristic. These biomechanics characteristic should have an important meaning in the treatment of mandibular fractures and instructing patient how to bite correctly.

Adult ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Humans ; Mandible ; Mandibular Fractures

It is a major public health task to promote the construction of modern disease prevention and control system in the prevention and control of the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic. In this study, we identified the current situation and challenges in the construction of disease prevention and control system in Shanghai, including the infrastructures, disciplines, human resources, information system, operational mechanism, and legalization. It is proposed that we should promote the construction of modern disease prevention and control system in Shanghai, which is aimed to improve the capacity in the disease prevention and control services, response to the major epidemics and public health emergencies, and scientific research in public health, in accordance with municipal functional orientation large-scale metropolitan public health security requirements in Shanghai. Moreover, we should promote policy-making, including upgrading infrastructures, facilitating discipline construction and scientific research innovation, optimizing development environment for human resources, accelerating comprehensive information construction, improving systems and mechanisms, and strengthening legal governance.

OBJECTIVETo localize susceptibility loci in Chinese systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) cohort by linkage disequilibrium mapping the genomic interval in human chromosome 16 so as to understand whether the pathogenesis of human SLE is related to chromosome 16.

METHODSFive microsatellite markers in chromosome 16 spanning from 57.79 cM to 65.1 cM were used for fluorescence based genotyping in 157 SLE families. Evidence for linkage disequilibrium was assessed using the extended transmission disequilibrium test (ETDT) program and Genehunter software. Susceptibility gene was searched in the positive locus, and real-time PCR method was used to detect gene expression.

RESULTSWith the ETDT, evidence for linkage disequilibrium of the marker D16S409 (P=0.0278) and D16S517 (P<0.0001) with SLE were found. It was observed that 271 bp allele of D16S517 was much in evidence for preferential transmission, while 277 bp allele was found to be transmitted less often than expected. Genehunter analysis is concordant with ETDT. By real-time PCR, OAZ(OLF1/ EBF-associated zinc finger protein) gene which is located in the positive locus showed higher expression in SLE patients than in normal controls.

CONCLUSIONResults reveal that 16q12 (58.46 cM) is associated with Chinese SLE. OAZ is a likely susceptibility gene in this locus for SLE.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Alleles ; China ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16 ; genetics ; Cohort Studies ; DNA ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; genetics ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Middle Aged

Adult ; Female ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis ; Young Adult

Humans ; Lithiasis ; surgery ; Liver Diseases ; surgery ; Liver Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Situs Inversus ; complications ; surgery

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combining sorafenib with chemotherapy in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced breast cancer. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, American Society for Clinical Oncology abstracts, and European Society for Medical Oncology abstracts were searched. Randomized clinical trials that compared the efficacy and safety of sorafenib plus chemotherapy in patients with HER2-negative advanced breast cancer with placebo plus chemotherapy were eligible. The endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), time to progression (TTP), duration of response (DOR), overall response rate (ORR), clinical benefits, and adverse effects. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.2.6 (The Nordic Cochrane Centre), and the fixed-effect model weighted by the Mantel-Haenszel method was used. When considerable heterogeneity was found (p<0.1), further analysis (subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, or random-effect model) was performed to identify the potential cause. The results are expressed as hazard ratios or risk ratios, with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: The final analysis included four trials comprising 844 patients. The results revealed longer PFS and TTP, and higher ORR and clinical benefit rates in patients receiving sorafenib combined with chemotherapy compared to those receiving chemotherapy and placebo. OS and DOR were similar in the two groups. Meanwhile, the incidence of some adverse effects, including hand-foot skin reaction/hand-foot syndrome, diarrhea, rash, and hypertension, were significantly higher in the sorafenib arm. CONCLUSION: Sorafenib combined with chemotherapy may prolong PFS and TTP. This treatment was associated with manageable toxicities, but frequent dose interruptions and reductions were required.
Arm ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Diarrhea ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy* ; Exanthema ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Medical Oncology ; Odds Ratio ; Population Characteristics ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Skin ; Treatment Outcome

SARS-CoV is a newly discovery pathogen causing severe acute respiratory problems.It has been established that the S protein in this pathogen plays an important rule in the adsorption and penetration of SARS-CoV into the host cell by interaction with the ACE2 receptor.To determinant which functional motif of the S protein was involved in the interaction with ACE2,seven truncated S proteins deleted from the N or C terminal were obtained by an E.coli expression system and purified by column chromatography to homogeneity.Each truncated S protein was fixed on to the well of an ELISA plate and an interaction was initiated with the ACE2 protein.The adsorption were quantified by ELISA,and the results indicated that amino acids from 388 to 496 of the S protein was responsible for the interaction with the ACE2 receptor,and the interaction could be completely disrupted by an antibody specific to these amino acids.Deletions adjacent to this domain did not appear to have a significant impact on the interaction with ACE2,suggesting that the S protein of SARS-CoV could be developed as a vaccine to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV.