Objective To study the genetic effects of lead on root tip cell of Vicia faba. Methods Micronucleus tests were conducted on root tip cell of Vicia faba treated with Pb2+ of concentrations of 0.1, 1.0, 5.0, 25.0, 50.0 mg/L for 12-36 h. Results The results indicated that the rates of micronucleus of lead-treated tip cell were significantly higher than that of the control (P

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Polycystic Kidney Diseases ; diagnosis

hitin, an essential component of the cell wall, exists widely in pathogenic fungi. Chitin synthase (CHS) is a key enzyme for biosynthesis of chitin, and its activity is strictly regulated; therefore it can be inferred that CHS and its regulation factors are potential targets of anti-fungal therapy. This article reviews the recent research progress on classification, function, and regulation of CHS, and discusses the possibilities of using CHS and its regulation factors as anti-fungal targets.

Objective To investigate the expression of marrow-derived thyroid stimulating hormone β (TSHβ) splice variant in thyroid of mouse with autoimmune thyroiditis induced by thyroglobulin(Tg) immunization,and to analyze whether TSHβ splice variant participated in the pathological process of autoimmune thyroiditis.Methods Using random number table,forty-eight mice(24 females and 24 males) of 7 to 8 weeks old with body mass 20 to 25 g were randomly divided into 4 groups(12 females and 12 males in each group) based on body weight and gender.The control group:fed with deionized water; the Tg-treated group(TG):fed with deionized water,and immunized subcutaneously with 0.1 mg Tg at 8 weeks old,boost immunized twice at 11 and 15 weeks old,respectively; the high iodine-treated group (HI):fed with deionized water containing 0.05％ sodium iodide (NaI); the Tg combined with HI group (TG + HI):fed with deionized water containing 0.05％ NaI,and immunized the same way as the TG group did.Peripheral blood was collected after 8 weeks treatment,which was used for determination of total tetraiodothyronine (TT4),free tetraiothyronine (FT4),total triiodothyronine (TT3) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) with chemiluminescence immunoassay (CIA); thyroid glands were collected to examine the expression of TSHβ splice variant with SYBR Green fluorescent quantitative real-time PCR,and frozen sections were HE stained for observation of histopathological changes of thyroid cells under light microscopy.Results Under naked eyes,the thyroid gland enlarged significantly,and looked dark red in HI and TG + HI groups.Under an optical microscope,thyroid follicular epithelial cells presented cuboidal,with abundant cytoplasm,presented abundant glial in follicular cavity,without lymphocyte infiltration in the control group; in TG group,the thyroid follicular epithelial cells presented cuboidal,with some single scattered lymphocytes; in HI group,colloid volume expansion appeared in thyroid follicles,thyroid follicular epithelial cells presented low cuboidal or flat,with few single scattered lymphocytes; in TG + HI group,most colloid accumulative large follicles presented in thyroid,thyroid follicular epithelial cells presented flat,some destructive thyroid follicular structure and infiltrating lymphocytes appeared.The differences of FT3,TT4,FT4 and TSHβ splice variant between groups were statistically significant(F =4.00,12.54,31.92,214.29,all P ＜ 0.05).Compared to the control group,the serum TT3(nmol/L:0.92 ± 0.07 vs.1.30 ± 0.33,t =-2.24),TT4(nmol/L:1.30 ± 0.33 vs.95.60 ± 14.10,t =-3.02),FT4(pmoL/L:54.07 ± 3.67 vs.154.80 ± 0.01,t =-54.87) and the thyroids' TSHβ(× 10-3:4.11±0.32 vs.8.38 ± 0.22,t =-19.11) were higher in TG group(all P ＜ 0.05) ; the serum TT4(nmol/L:67.75 ± 11.91 vs.45.50± 3.85,t =3.55,P ＜ 0.05) was lower in HI group; the serum FT4(pmol/L:54.07 ± 3.67 vs.139.46 ± 30.00,t =-5.65) and the thyroids' TSHβ splice variant (× 10-3:4.11 ± 0.32 vs.5.33 ± 1.47,t =-5.95) were higher in TG + HI group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions High iodine has aggravated thyroiditis of BALB/c mice induced by Tg immunization; the level of thyroid TSHβ in mice with autoimmune thyroiditis is higher; all of these results indicated that TSHβ is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroiditis.

BACKGROUND: Allogeneic blood transfusion in humans of the same blood type has been implemented, but studies regarding swine blood type and how to perform allogeneic blood transfusion have been rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of preoperative autologous blood donation using the leap-frog technique for cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in a swine model.METHODS: Sixteen domestic swine were randomly divided into two groups: autologous blood donation and allogeneic blood transfusion. Another four swine were used as blood donors. Two groups of swine underwent cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. The autologous blood donation group received self-transfusion reserved before surgery while the allogeneic blood transfusion group received the same amount of allogeneic blood. Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and hematocrit (Hct) level prior to and after donation in the autologous blood donation group was recorded. Hb concentration in the two groups was recorded prior to, during, immediately after, and 1 day after the surgery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The total blood volume of each experimental swine was (2500±428) mL. For the autologous blood donation group, the predicted blood volume of the first donation was (501±86) mL and the actual blood volume was (493±93) mL; in the second donation, the predicted blood volume was (750±128) mL and the actual blood volume was (719±98) mL. There was a significant difference in Hb concentration and Hct level between prior to and after donation in the autologous blood donation group (P < 0.01). Hb concentration at 1 day after the surgery was significantly higher in the autologous blood donation group than in the allogeneic blood transfusion group (P < 0.01), while no significant difference in Hb concentration existed between these two groups prior to, during, and immediately after the surgery (P > 0.05). Compared with prior to surgery, Hb concentration in each group was significantly lower at 1 day after the surgery (P < 0.01). The autologous blood donation group exhibited significantly higher survival rate of swine than the allogeneic blood transfusion group (P < 0.01). These findings indicate that compared with allogeneic blood transfusion, preoperative autologous blood donation using the leap-frog technique appears to be a safe, effective method with a high survival rate for cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.

The purpose of this study is to prepare galactosyl modified lipid bilayer-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (GPEM) to enhance the antitumor efficacy against hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The irinotecan (CPT-11) loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) was coated with the Gal-P123 modified functional lipid bilayer by thin-film dispersion method. Nanoparticles were characterized with particle size, zeta potential, morphology and drug release in vitro. Afterwards, the cell uptake, intracellular concentration of CPT-11, cell apoptosis rate and cytotoxicity were evaluated on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Huh-7. The results showed that MSNs were coated with intact lipid bilayers and the nanoparticles had clear core-shell structure. GPEM is stable with the mean particle size of (78.01 +/- 2.04) nm. The low leakage rate in normal physiological conditions in vitro is contributed to the protection of stable lipid bilayer, and the fast drug release in acid environment due to the destruction of the lipid bilayer. On the cell level, the vector could improve the intracellular CPT-11 concentration by 4 times because of the functional lipid bilayer. The high CPT-11 concentration led to the increasement of apoptosis rate by 48.6%, and the reduction of half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of CPT-11 by 2 times, indicating stronger cell cytotoxicity.
Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Apoptosis ; Camptothecin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Humans ; Lipid Bilayers ; chemistry ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Silicon Dioxide ; chemistry

Adenoids ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; methods ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of β-carotene anti-inflammatory on intestinal epithelial cells.Methods:The piglet jejunum epithelium(IPEC-J2)cell line was used as an cell model.The cells were divided into 4 groups[control group,β-carotene group,β-carotene pre-protective group and Lipopoly-saccharide(LPS)group].The control group was not treated,β-carotene group and β-carotene pre-protective group were pretreated with β-carotene.Lipopoly-saccharide(LPS)and β-carotene pre-protective groups were stimulated with LPS.The cell viability was detected by MTT.Western blot was performed to detect the expression of Occludin,Claudin4 and ZO-1 tight junction proteins.Results:The expression of IPEC-J2 cell tight junction protein in LPS group were significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The expression of tight junction protein in β-carotene pre-protective group was significantly higher than that in LPS group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Increasing the expression of tight junction proteins may be one of the ways that anti-inflammatory effect of β-carotene in jejunum epithelial cells.

AIM:To observe the influence of mitomycin C on corneal endothelial cell in phacoemulsification combined trabeculectomy.METHODS:Totally 58 patients with cataracts and glaucoma were selected and divided into 2 groups randomly,with 29 cases in each.All patients were treated with phacoemulsification combined trabeculectomy,and those of the control group used no anti-metabolism drugs in the surgery,while those of the observation group given 0.2mg/mL mitomycin C in the surgery.The visual acuity and intraocular pressure,filtering bleb form and complications were compared before and after treatment.Further more,central corneal thickness of patients was detected by corneal topography,and corneal endothelial cell density,hexagonal cell percentage,and variable coefficient of patients were detected with non-contact corneal endothelium.RESULTS:Before surgery,there was no significant difference in visual acuity between groups (P＞0.05);after surgery,the visual acuity of both groups increased,and there was no significant difference between groups either (P＞ 0.05).Before surgery,there was no significant difference on intraocular pressure between groups (P＞0.05);after surgery,the intraocular pressure of both groups decreased,and that of the observation group was lower than the controls,the difference between groups and in-groups were both had statistical significance (P＜0.05).After surgery,there was no significant difference in functional filter follicle formation rate between groups (P＞0.05),but the complication rate of observation group was lower than the controls (P＜ 0.05).After operation,the central corneal thickness,corneal endothelial cell density,hexagonal cell ratio and variation coefficient of the two groups showed no significant change,and there was no statistically significant difference between groups either (P＞0.05).CONCLUSION:Using mitomycin C in the surgery of phacoemulsification combined trabeculectomy is benefit to stabilize intraocular pressure and reduce postoperative complication rate,without the risk of injuring corneal endothelial cells.

Objective: To know the pre-treatment drug resistance ( PDR ) status of newly reported human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( HIV-1 ) infected individuals in Wenzhou, so as to provide guidance for antiretroviral therapy ( ART ). Methods: Totally 232 plasma samples of newly reported HIV-1 infected individuals who had not received ART were collected in Wenzhou in 2019. Virus ( HIV-1 ) RNA was extracted, followed by reverse transcription PCR and nested PCR to amplify the pol region and sequence. Resistance mutations and resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors ( NNRTIs ), nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors ( NRTIs ) and protease inhibitors ( PIs ) was analyzed. Results: The pol region sequences from 199 infected patients were obtained and the incidence of PDR was 8.04% ( 16/199 ). Eight genotypes were detected, including circulating recombinant forms ( CRFs ) CRF07_BC ( 47.24%, 94/199 ) and CRF01_AE ( 29.15%, 58/199 ) which were the dominant types. Two unique recombinant forms ( URFs ) were detected, namely URF( CRF01_AE/BC ) and URF( B/C ) . Thirty-one cases ( 15.58% 31/199 ) had drug-resistant mutations. For NNRTIs, NRTIs and PIs, 20 cases ( 64.52% ) , 2 cases ( 6.45% ) and 9 cases ( 29.03% ) with drug resistance mutations were detected, respectively. The resistance mutations to NNRTIs included K101E, K103N/R, V106I, E138K, V179D/E/T, Y181C, G190A and H221Y. Four cases each had two resistance mutations to NNRTIs. The resistance mutations to NRTIs were V75M and M184V. The resistance mutations to PIs were M46I, L33F and Q58E. For the newly released NNRTI drug Doravirine ( DOR ), two cases were found to have mutations of resistance. Conclusions The incidence of PDR among newly reported HIV-1 patients in Wenzhou is 8.04%, mainly caused by NNRTIs drug-resistant mutation. Resistance to the new drug DOR has emerged. The surveillance of drug resistance should continue to be strengthened.