Vascular cognitive impaiment (VCI) refers to a large class of clinical syndromes caused by vascular risk factors,obvious or not obvious cerebrovascular diseases from mild cognitive impairment to dementia.Looking for a physiologically controllable and repeatable animal model is critical for the systematic research of the VCI pathophysiological processes and the evaluation of new treatment methods.

[Summary] Endometrial carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors in female reproductive system .The treatment is given priority to with surgery .As a kind of minimally invasive surgery , the da Vinci robot surgical technique has become more and more mature in the past ten years and played an increasingly important role in gynecological oncology .As compared with the traditional laparoscopic surgery , the main advantages of the da Vinci robotic surgery system are as follows: improved three-dimensional surgical field, improved operation dexterity by mechanical wrist , and improved accuracy of operation by tremor filtering system .These innovations can help gynecological oncologists complete difficult surgery , especially for patients diagnosed of endometrial cancer with severe obesity.This article summarized the application of the da Vinci robotic surgery system in the treatment of endometrial carcinoma and compared it with the open surgery and traditional laparoscopic surgery .The new robot surgery system , innovation, applicable people and the learning curve were also involved .

The developments of domestic and foreign researches on mutagenesis of sulfur dioxide were briefly reviewed in this paper from different aspects: microbiological experiments, the experiments of cultured mammalian cells in vitro,experiments on mammal and population in vivo.

Objective:To investigate the clinical value on the determination of the peripheral blood ICAM 1 level in Graves's disease(GD).Methods:The serum soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1(sICAM 1)concentration were analyzed by ELISA and the expression of ICAM 1(CD54 +) on PB lymphocytes in 37 GD patients and 22 normal subject were measured,while TsAb,TpoAb,TGAb;CD4 +,CD3 +,CD8 +,CD19 +,CD25 +were examined by FACS.Each marker between the two groups and the positive rate between the TsAb and sICAM 1 whe compared.In addition ,the relationship between the ICAM 1 level on PB and immunity markers in GD patients were analysed.Results:The mean sICAM 1 concentration was significantly higher in untreatd GD patients than in normal controls(P

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestation and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).Methods The clinical data of 233 patients with SARS admitted to China-Japan Friendship Hospital from April 2003 to June 2003 were analyzed,including clinical manifestations,laboratory findings,chest radiograph,outcome and mortality of SARS.Results There were 115 male and 118 female patients in this cohort,aged 13-86 (mean 42 8?18 5yr);43 3%of the patients had one or two kinds of underlying diseases;73 0% of the patients had a history of SARS close contact. Incubation period was 1-21 days (mean 4 9?4 1d).The initial symptoms were fever in 86 3% of the patients.The respiratory symptoms were found after the onset of 1-2 weeks.The laboratory abnormalities were decreased in WBC (56 7%) and lymphocytes (78 5%).Corticosteriod was used in 69 5% of the patients.There were 10 deaths (4 3%).The elder age,underlying diseases,continued high fever, thrombocytopenia,leucocytosis and bilateral lung involvement were the risk factors.Conclusion SARS is a new and strongly contagious disease,which mainly affects youth and people in their prime life.It has its own characteristic clinical manifestations.There is high mortality in severe cases.The prognosis is poor in patients complicated with diabetes,leucocytosis,lymphocytopenia,thrombocytopenia and elevated serum LDH and CPK.

Objective To investigate the effect of Omithogalum caudatum Ait(OCA)on apoptosis of Candida albicans,illustrated the antifungal mechanism of OCA.Methods Annexin Ⅴ-FITC/PI double stainingwas used to detect the effect of OCA on the apoptosis of C.albicans;JC-1 and DCFH-DA staining were used to detectthe effect of OCA on mitochondrial membrane potential(MTP)and reactive oxygen species(ROS)of C.albicans.Results OCA had a good antifungal activity,the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and the minimum fungicidal concentration(MFC)were 8mg/mL and 32mg/mL respectively.OCA could induceapoptosis of C.albicans,promote the reduction of MTP and increase of ROS.Conclusion OCA induced cell apoptosismainly through disrupting mitochondrial function.

Objective To explore the value of dynamic monitoring of the neutrophils/lymphocyte ratio ( NLR ) in peripheral blood for the prognosis of patients with bloodstream infection ( BSI ). Methods A retrospective study was conducted. 205 patients who were≥18 years old, their length of hospital stay>24 hours, and they were treated in the China-Japanese Friendship Hospital from January 2013 to October 2014 were enrolled. According to the 28-day survival, the patients were divided into survival group ( n=160 ) and death group ( n=45 ). The white blood cell ( WBC ), neutrophils count ( NEU ), neutrophils ratio ( Neut%), lymphocyte count ( LYM ), lymphocyte ratio ( Lym%), and NLR in peripheral blood were recorded at 1, 3, 7 days after admission. Receiver-operating characteristic curve ( ROC ) was plotted for evaluating the value of these factors on the 28-day prognosis, and logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors for predicting the outcome. Results ①On the 1st day, WBC, NEU, Neut%, NLR, and procalcitonin ( PCT ) in the death group were significantly higher than those in the survival group [ WBC (×109/L ):15.28±8.23 vs. 11.58±6.55, NEU (×109/L ):13.34±7.53 vs. 10.03±5.31, Neut%:0.886±0.076 vs. 0.845±0.102, NLR:21.20 ( 13.10, 28.80 ) vs. 12.08 ( 6.81, 20.47 ), PCT (μg/L ):3.13 ( 0.85, 10.12 ) vs. 1.34 ( 0.36, 5.81 ), P<0.05 or P<0.01 ], while hemoglobin ( Hb ), platelet count ( PLT ), albumin ( ALB ) content were significantly lower than those of the survival group [ Hb ( g/L ):86.09±19.83 vs. 107.89±22.82, PLT (×109/L ):157.51±117.81 vs. 195.44±97.28, ALB ( g/L ):24.11±6.94 vs. 31.99±6.89, P<0.05 or P<0.01 ]. On the 3rd day and 7th day, WBC, NEU and NLR in the death group were significantly higher than those of the survival group [ WBC (×109/L ):16.61±10.25 vs. 8.91±4.93, 16.05±9.46 vs. 8.79±4.45; NEU (×109/L ): 14.15±9.98 vs. 6.97±4.64, 14.36±9.03 vs. 6.59±4.07; NLR: 24.13 ( 8.49, 38.26 ) vs. 5.52 ( 3.58, 8.87 ), 17.74 ( 10.74, 32.85 ) vs. 4.35 ( 2.78, 7.27 ), all P<0.01 ], and the LYM and Lym%were significantly lower than those in the survival group [ LYM (×109/L ):0.61 ( 0.38, 1.04 ) vs. 1.05 ( 0.78, 1.43 ), 0.69 ( 0.35, 0.92 ) vs. 1.37 ( 0.93, 1.76 );Lym%:0.039 ( 0.024, 0.101 ) vs. 0.135 ( 0.094, 0.186 ), 0.056 ( 0.033, 0.082 ) vs. 0.170 ( 0.108, 0.237 ), all P<0.01 ].②It was shown by ROC curve that the maximum area under the ROC curve ( AUC ) of WBC, NEU, Neut%, LYM, Lym%, and NLR about prognosis of BSI were observed on 7 days ( 0.777, 0.819, 0.905, 0.755, 0.880, 0.887 ). Based on Neut%>0.855 on the 7th day as a predictor of cut-off value of death in 28 days, the sensitivity was 78.8%, specificity 89.1%, respectively. When Lym%<0.088 on the 7th day as a predictor of cut-off value of death on 28 days, the sensitivity was 89.5%, and specificity was 83.9%. When NLR>10.34 on the 7th day as a predictor of cut-off value of death in 28 days, the sensitivity was 81.8%, and specificity was 91.0%.③Survival analysis showed that the 28-day survival rate in the patients with 7-day NLR<10.34 was significantly higher than that in those with 7-day NLR>10.34 ( 95.0%vs. 34.1%,χ2=82.650, P=0.000 ).④It was shown by multi-factor logistic regression analysis that the levels of 1-day Hb and 7-day NLR were the independent prognostic predictors of 28-day mortality [ Hb: odds ratio ( OR ) = 0.946, 95% confidence interval ( 95%CI ) = 0.913-0.981, P = 0.003; 7-day NLR:OR=34.941, 95%CI=8.728-139.884, P=0.000 ]. Conclusions The trend of changes in NEU, LYM and NLR as shown by repeated routine blood examinations contributes to prediction of the outcome of patients with BSI. The levels of 1-day Hb and 7-day NLR are the independent prognostic predictors for 28-day mortality.

Objective To realize the incidence of healthcare-associated infection (HAI),the rate of invasive procedure and related infection rate,use of antimicrobial agents and distribution of pathogens in gereral intensive care units (GICUs) of hospitals in China.Methods HAI cross-sectional investigation data of GICUs reported to China HAI Surveillance Net-work were summarized and analyzed.Results Of 1 313 hospitals,621(47.30%)had GICUs;a total of 5 887 patients were surveyed,1 634 patients developed 1 962 times of infection,HAI prevalence rate and case rate was 27.76% and 33.33%respectively.The main infection sites were lower respiratory tract(70.39%),urinary tract (12.79%)and blood(2.86%). The application rate of urinary catheter,arteriovenous catheter and ventilator was 53.52%(n=3 151),37.05%(n=2 181) and 35.62%(n=2 097)respectively,and related prevalence of urinary tract infection,pneumonia and blood stream infection was 4.67%,20.41%,and 0.60%,respectively,which accounting for 58.57%,30.99%,and 23.21 % of urinary tract infection,pneumonia and blood stream infection respectively,the overall prevalence of above invasive procedure-re-lated infection accounted for 29.97%(588/1 962)of the overall HAI prevalence.A total of 1 795 isolated pathogens causing HAI were detected,the top three were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20.78%),Acinetobacter baumannii(17.99%)and Klebsiella pneumoniae (11 .64%).The usage rate of antimicrobial agents was 71 .58%(n=4 214), rate of specimens delivered for detection was up to 75.27%(2 553/3 392).Conclusion Prevalence and antimicrobial use in patients in GICUs are all high,all kinds of invasive procedure are frequent,30% of HAI are related to inva-sive procedure;infection caused by non-fermentative bacteria is serious,pathogen detection is well performed.

Objective The article was to promote the rational use of antibiotics by comparative analysis on antimicrobial us -age before and after the special rectification on clinical application of antibacterial drugs in our hospital . Methods Medical record data of 132 inpatients before the rectification and 167 inpatients after the rectification were randomly collected for the rational compara-tive analysis on microorganism submission rate for treatment , usage of antibiotics and medication for typeⅠandⅡincisions . Results The microorganism submission rate was much higher , especially the special grade antibiotics (81.5 %vs 32.1%).There was also a remarkable decrease in the percentage of antibiotics use , the strength of utilization and the average drug cost .The amount of antibiotic prophylaxis without indication and the length of medication for typeⅠincisions showed a remarkable decrease (P<0.05).Remarkable decrease was also observed in the irrational usage rate of antibiotic prophylaxis , dosage, medication time and drug replacement for typeⅠand Ⅱincisions (P<0.05). Conclusion The special rectification measures are effective and practical , which can promote the rational use of antibiotics .