The paper expounds the importance and role of circulation service in college and university libraries, how to do circulation work better is discussed from three aspects: scientific management of collections, creating a better environment and fully promoting the quality of staffs, thus to make library play a greater role in campus culture construction.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of myasthenia gravis(MG)in children.Methods One hundred and six children with MG in Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from Apr. 2002 to Apr. 2007 were concluded in the study.The data of laboratory examinations,including virus antibody,autoantibody test,immunity function,chest X-ray or chest CT,MRI,ECG and repetitive nerve stimulation, and treatment of cholinesterase inhibitor,glucocorticoids and high-dose immunoglobulin were reviewed.Results Among 106 children,male-to-female ratio was 1 to 1.16,male 49 cases,female 57 cases.The course of disease was 3 days to 11 years.The age of onset of all 106 children with MG varied from 10 months to 14.3 years old and the mean age was (4.74?3.32) years old.The most common age of onset was less than 3 years old(55.7%).There were 41 cases newly diagnosed children and 65 cases received irregular treatment or relapsed after treatment.The ocular muscular symptoms were mostely found at the onset(84.0%);brainstem type was involved at the onset(2.8%),generalized type was involved at the onset(13.2%);58 out of 106 cases(54.7%) had upper respiratory tract infection before the onset with MG; 41 out of 52 cases with MG had abnormal immune function or auto antibody-positive,myocardial enzymes increased in 45 cases increased in varying degrees,thymoma were not found by use of sternum or CT or MRI in 69 cases,repetitive nerve stimulation of 7 out of 11 cases were abnormal; 17 cases (16.0%) of the children received single pyridostigmine treatment,10 cases (9.4%) received co-adrenal hormone and before steroid given IVIG therapy respectively were satisfied with the efficacy,and gravis symptoms were improved;61.3% of the cases had a relapse who underwent irregular treatment or relapse after treatment,before relapse 37 cases (56.9%) received single cholinesterase inhibitor treatment, 28 cases (43.1%)for co-adrenal hormone, after adrenocortical hormone and pyridostigmine treatment.The prognosis of 72 patients(67.9%) with MG was usually good; the causes of relapse resulted from infection (30 cases, 46.2%), irregular drug use (22 cases,33.8%), and drug withdrawal and infection (13 cases, 20.0%).Conclusions As early as age of onset,the disease easily repeated,to be early co-adrenal hormone therapy group is the children′s clinical features of MG.

Vascular cognitive impaiment (VCI) refers to a large class of clinical syndromes caused by vascular risk factors,obvious or not obvious cerebrovascular diseases from mild cognitive impairment to dementia.Looking for a physiologically controllable and repeatable animal model is critical for the systematic research of the VCI pathophysiological processes and the evaluation of new treatment methods.

Objective To explore the present stage newborn loss of hearing morbidity situation of Guangyang District in Langfang,in order to carry the early intervention.Methods The application distortion product ear sound launch meter 2823 newborns who the women's and children's dispensary is born to Guang Yangqu carries on the hearing to sieve looks up,initially sieves passing about 42 days duplicate not to sieve,duplicate does not deve pass ing,transfers the Langfang mother and child care center to make the ABR inspection,ABR passing has not changed over to the Beijing Colleague Hospital hearing diagnostic center further to inspect.Results Initially sieves the newborn 2823 examples,the diagnosis loss of hearing(light,medium and heavy)8 people,the loss of heating disease incidence rate 2.83‰.Conclusion Guang Yangqu the newborn loss of heating disease incidence rate 2.83‰,the specific weight loss disease incidence rate 1.06‰,through sieves looks up,the newborn loss of heating may the early time discover,the early diagnosis,carries on the early intervention,may enhance the hearing impairment spoken language growth.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of consonant errors in adults with functional ar-ticulation disorders (FAD) .Methods Speech evaluations were carried out on 42 adult subjects with FAD .Then the articulation patterns and types of erroneous consonants were classified and analyzed .Results The main erroneous articulation patterns of the adults were substitution ,distortion ,followed by omission .The abnormal consonants which were classified according to the place of articulation were found as follows :blade-palatal(39 cases) ,supra-dental(31 cases) ,lingua-palatal(22 cases) ,velar(19 cases) ,blade-alveolar(18 cases) ,labiodental(6 cases) and bi-labial consonant(6 cases) .Erroneous consonants which were sorted according to the error frequency by descending order lied in/sh/,/zh/,/ch/,/r/,/z/,/c/,/s/,/q/,/x/,/j/,/g/,/k/,/h/,/t/,/l/,/d/,/f/ and /p/.The error types were fronting of tongue(22 cases) ,unaspiration(12 cases) ,lateralization(12 cases) ,omission(9 cases) ,back-ing of tongue (8 cases) ,replacement by lingua-palatal(4 cases) ,bilabial(4 cases) and labiodental consonant(3 ca-ses) .Conclusion The main erroneous articulation patterns of adults with FAD are substitution and distortion .The erroneous consonants are blade -palatal ,supradental ,lingua-palatal ,velar and blade-alveolar .The error types are fronting of tongue ,unaspiration ,lateralization and omission .

Objective To explore the age effects on the prognosis of patients with dysarthria after lingual fre-nectomy ,to provide clinical basis for the corresponding speech evaluation and treatment of the patients .Methods 154 patients with dysarthria one month after lingual frenectomy were recruited as the research objects ,83 cases of preschool ,52 cases of school-age ,adolescent 11 cases and 8 cases of adult were included .Their articulation was re-corded after postoperative recovery one month by the computer speech lab (Model 4500) according to the test table , then the recording materials were analyzed .After the patients' phonetic intelligibility(PI) was evaluated ,the corre-lation and simple linear regression analysis for age and PI were carried on .Results The PI of patients with dysar-thria one month after lingual frenectomy was positively correlated with age (r=0 .467 ,P<0 .05) .That indicates PI has an increasing trend with the growth of age .The result of simple linear regression analysis showed that the deter-mination coefficient of age to PI was 0 .270 .It showed that age had an influence on the prognosis of patients with PI after lingual frenectomy .Conclusion Aging was one of the important factors for the prognosis of patients with dys-arthria after lingual frenectomy ,but it is not the only factor .The patients with dysarthria one month after lingual fre-nectomy should be received treatment in time ,speech training must be corrected at about 4 to 8 years old with dysarthriawithout surgery .

In this study, pEGFP-N1 was chosen as the reporter plasmid and transferred into Ctenopharyngodon idellus kidney (CIK) cells by electroporation, and the optimal electroporation conditions were determined by testing the transfection efficiency with different voltages, pulse times, plasmid amounts, and numbers of shocks. The results showed that the maximum electroporation efficiency was achieved under the following conditions in a 0.2 cm electroporation cuvette containing CIK cells (1.5 x 10(7)/mL, 200 microl): electric voltage 200 V, pulse time 45 ms, plasmid 30 microg, and one electric shock. The total genomic RNA of grass carp reovirus (GCRV) was extracted in this experiment and reversely transcribed into cDNA, which was used to amplify the gene segment of GCRV non-structural protein NS26 using designed specific primers. The PCR product was recombined into pEGFP-N1 vector. The fusion protein EGFP-NS26 was successfully and efficiently expressed in the CIK cells by electroporation, which was confirmed by both fluorescent imaging and Western blot analysis. This experiment laid a foundation for further functional studies of the non-structural protein NS26 of GCRV.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Cyprinidae ; Electroporation ; Fish Diseases ; virology ; Gene Expression ; Kidney ; virology ; Reoviridae ; genetics ; physiology ; Reoviridae Infections ; veterinary ; virology ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

Migraine is one of the common and frequently encountered diseases. The study proves that 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor, plays an important role in the occurrence of migraine. Rat striatum was used for preparation of the cell membrane stationary phase (CMSP) in our experiments. The cell membrane chromatography (CMC)-offline-HPLC system was applied to specifically recognize the components from the drug pair of Chuanxiong Rhizoma and Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, which interact with the receptors on CMSP. The dissociation equilibrium constant (KD) was measured in a rat striatum/CMC system, performed by continuously pumping sumatriptan, a 5-HT1D agonist, ranging from 2.42 x 10(-8) to 4.84 x 10(-7) mol · L(-1) through a CMC column, and the capacity factors (k') were recorded. The KD value obtained from the model was (4.59 ± 0.33) x 10(-6) mol · L(-1) for imperatorin, and the rat model of migraine induced by nitroglycerin was applied to validate the pharmacological effects of the drug pair. The results indicated that the CMC method could be a quick and efficient way for characterizing the drug-receptor interactions in vitro.
Angelica ; chemistry ; Animals ; Cell Membrane ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Male ; Migraine Disorders ; drug therapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1D ; chemistry ; Serotonin Receptor Agonists ; analysis

Objective To study the clinical effects of the combination of the topping tongue method and the scraping tongue method in speech training after the operation of ankyloglossia with lingua apical articulation disor-der.Methods Based on the random control study design,50 cases of ankyloglossia with lingua apical articulation disorders were randomly allocated into experimental group (25 cases)and control group (25cases).Patients of ex-perimental group were given routine speech training with the topping tongue and scraping tongue methods.Patients of control group were given routine speech training,and data of voice intelligibility of two groups of patients were collected at the time before speech training and after 3 courses of speech training.Results The voice intelligibility of two groups of patients before speech training had no statistically significant differences(t =0.726,P >0.05 ).But the voice intelligibility of the patients after 3 courses of speech training in both groups was obviously improved. There were statistically significant differences(P <0.001).Patients in the experimental group had a higher voice in-telligibility score assessed after 3 courses of speech training than the control group.After treatment,the voice intel-ligibility of the patients in experimental group increased from 37.91% to 87.69%.The voice intelligibility of the pa-tients in the control group increased from 37.69% to 72.99%.There were statistically significant differences(P <0.001).Conclusion The combination of the topping tongue and scraping tongue methods can improve the speech intelligi-bility for patients after operation of ankyloglossia and promote rehabilitation training of the lingua- apical articulation.

Objective To study the phonological characteristics and rehabilitation training methods of abnor-mal blade-alveolar consonants in children with functional articulation disorders(FAD).Methods A total of 150 children of 4 to 25 years old with blade-alveolar consonant articulation disorders were selected from 194 children di-agnosed with FAD as the research objects.The phonological characteristics of abnormal blade-alveolar consonants were analysed;30 children of 4 to 17 years old accepted speech therapy,exhaling training and functional treatment of blade-alveolar consonants (/d/,/t/,/n/,/l/).Patients were given speech assessments in the first and last training by using computer speech lab.Results The occurrence rate of abnormal blade-alveolar consonant was 77.32%(150/194);the error rate of/l/was 82.0% which was the highest;/d/was mainly substituted by/j/,and/t/was mainly substituted by/q/,/d/.Both/l/and/n/mainly showed omission.Males accounted for 82.35%(98/119) and females accounted for 80.65%(25/31)among substitution cases.Males accounted for 80.67%(96/119)and fe-males for 90.32%(28/31)among omission cases.The number of incorrect words decreased to (6.30±2.72)after speech training from(50.60±9.04)before speech training was established.The differences were statistically signifi-cant(Z= -4.875,P<0.05).The number of erroneous words was negatively correlated with age (r= -0.736,P<0.01).Conclusion Blade-alveolar consonant articulation disorders occur mainly on/d/,/t/,/l/,and the main erro-neous articulation patterns are substitution and omission.The training scheme and training methods established in this study are significantly effective.