We investigated proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) concentrations in individuals with normoglycemia, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). This was a pilot, cross-sectional study including 92 individuals who had not been diagnosed with or treated for diabetes. We measured PCSK9 levels in three groups of subjects; namely, normoglycemia (n=57), IFG (n=21), and IGT (n=14). Individuals with IFG and IGT showed higher PCSK9 concentrations than those in the normoglycemic group, with the highest serum PCSK9 concentrations found in individuals with IGT (55.25±15.29 ng/mL for normoglycemia, 63.47±17.78 ng/mL for IFG, 72.22±15.46 ng/mL for IGT, analysis of variance P=0.001). There were no significant differences in high- or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol among groups. Serum PCSK9 levels are increased in patients with prediabetes compared to subjects with normoglycemia.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze research in the Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing and to suggest further perspective for rehabilitation nursing research. METHOD: In this study we reviewed the contents of 134 articles published in this journal from its beginning year 1998 to 2004. RESULTS: The majority of subjects were adult patients. The type of disease were Cerebrovascular Accident, Neuromuscular disease, Cancer patients, Urogenital disease such as Chronic Renal Failure, Spinal cord injury. Domain of research almost was client, type of research were survey (34.3%), quasi experimental study (20.9%), correlation study (19.4%). Nursing intervention of experimental study was exercise (39.0%), education (17.1%). Place of data collection was hospital (58.2%), position of researcher was professor (67.2%), method of data collection was questionnaire (50.7%). CONCLUSION: There has been a lack of written consent, child rehabilitation, measurement tool development, qualitative research. More studies about rehabilitation nursing are needed to extend the role and fields for professional nursing.
Adult ; Child ; Data Collection ; Education ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Neuromuscular Diseases ; Nursing ; Qualitative Research ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Rehabilitation Nursing* ; Rehabilitation* ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Statistics as Topic ; Stroke

BACKGROUND: Ischemic acute renal failure (ARF) is increasingly recognized as involving chronic functional and structural sequelae. Ischemia reperfusion injury (I/R) plays a major role in delayed graft function and long-term changes after kidney transplantation, also. The present study was designed to evaluate the long-term changes after acute ischemic injury and whether renoprotection by alpha-MSH in the acute ischemic stage, could reduce the long-term sequelae. METHODS: In control group, ischemia/reperfusion injury was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by clamping Lt. renal pedicle for 15, 45, 60 minutes after removal of Rt. Kidney and followed by reperfusion. The animals in alpha-MSH group were injected alpha-MSH prior to reperfusion and then every day for 1 week. We measured BUN, creatinine at 24 hour after I/R injury, and in each group, 6 animals were sacrified at 1 week and 4 weeks after I/R injury to evaluate apoptosis, ED1, PCNA, and histopathologic changes. RESULTS: At 4 weeks after I/R injury, the remnant structural damage such as apoptosis, ED1 stained cells, MT (+) tubulointerstitial fibrosis were observed. alpha-MSH could reduce the initial functional injury, and apoptosis, ED1 stained monocyte, MT (+) tubulointerstitial fibrosis, also. CONCLUSION: Renal function was recoverd at 4 weeks after I/R injury, but structural sequelae such as apoptosis, fibrosis were remnant. alpha-MSH could attenuate initial functional damage and remnant fibrosis.
Acute Kidney Injury ; alpha-MSH* ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Constriction ; Creatinine ; Delayed Graft Function ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Kidney* ; Male ; Monocytes ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion ; Reperfusion Injury

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pattern and the magnitude of stress distribution in the supporting tissues surrounding three different types of implants(ITI, 3i, and Bicon implant system). MATERIAL AND METHOD: Photoelastic models were made with PL-2 resin(Measurements Group, Raleigh, USA) and three implants of each kind were placed in the mandibular posterior edentulous area distal to the canine . For non-splinted restorations, individual crowns were fabricated on three titanium abutments. For splinted restorations, 3-unit fixed partial dentures were fabricated. Photoelastic stress analyses were carried out to measure the fringe order around the implant supporting structure under simulated loaded conditions(15 lb, 30 lb). CONCLUSION: The results were as follows; 1. Regardless of the implant design, stresses were increased in the apex region of loaded implant when non-splinted restorations were loaded. While relatively even stress distribution occurred with splinted restorations. Splinting was effective in the second implant. 2. Strain around Bicon implant were lower than those of other implants, which confirmed the splinting effect. The higher the load, the more the stress occurred in supporting tissue, which was most obvious in the Bicon system. 3. Stress distribution in the supporting tissue was favorable in the ITI system, while the other side of 3i system tended to concentrate the stress in some parts.
Crowns ; Denture, Partial, Fixed ; Splints ; Titanium

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pattern and the magnitude of stress distribution in the supporting tissues surrounding three different types of implants(ITI, 3i, and Bicon implant system). MATERIAL AND METHOD: Photoelastic models were made with PL-2 resin(Measurements Group, Raleigh, USA) and three implants of each kind were placed in the mandibular posterior edentulous area distal to the canine . For non-splinted restorations, individual crowns were fabricated on three titanium abutments. For splinted restorations, 3-unit fixed partial dentures were fabricated. Photoelastic stress analyses were carried out to measure the fringe order around the implant supporting structure under simulated loaded conditions(15 lb, 30 lb). CONCLUSION: The results were as follows; 1. Regardless of the implant design, stresses were increased in the apex region of loaded implant when non-splinted restorations were loaded. While relatively even stress distribution occurred with splinted restorations. Splinting was effective in the second implant. 2. Strain around Bicon implant were lower than those of other implants, which confirmed the splinting effect. The higher the load, the more the stress occurred in supporting tissue, which was most obvious in the Bicon system. 3. Stress distribution in the supporting tissue was favorable in the ITI system, while the other side of 3i system tended to concentrate the stress in some parts.
Crowns ; Denture, Partial, Fixed ; Splints ; Titanium

No abstract available.
Humans ; Hypoglycemia* ; Tertiary Care Centers*

No abstract available.
Asian Americans ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin ; Thigh

Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is characterized by fasting hypoglycemia, endogenous hyperinsulinemia, and the presence of autoantibodies to insulin or insulin receptor in patients that have never been exposed to exogenous insulin. This syndrome is occasionally accompanied by several autoimmune disorders. There is no reported case of concurrent IAS with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. A 52-year-old female was diagnosed with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and was treated with 25 microg/d levothyroxine for 3 years. Recently, she experienced recurrent fasting hypoglycemic symptoms that disappeared rapidly with a carbohydrate-rich diet, although she had no history of diabetes or insulin use. Blood analysis showed hypoglycemia and elevated serum levels of insulin and C-peptide. Imaging studies did not reveal a mass lesion in the pancreas, and selective calcium-stimulated venous sampling also gave a negative result. However, anti-insulin antibody titer was high and assay for anti-insulin receptor antibody was positive. Here, we report a case of IAS concomitant with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Autoantibodies ; C-Peptide ; Diet ; Fasting ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperinsulinism ; Hypoglycemia ; Insulin* ; Middle Aged ; Pancreas ; Receptor, Insulin ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroiditis* ; Thyroxine

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease that primarily affects the lung and lymphatic system of the body. The involvement of thyroid gland with sarcoidosis is uncommon. Moreover, sarcoidosis with thyroid cancer are rarely reported in the world. We encountered papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) coexistent with pulmonary sarcoidosis. A 35-year-old female with a medical history of pulmonary sarcoidosis visited the endocrinology department for evaluation of the thyroid nodule. Thyroid ultrasonography showed multiple markedly hypoechoic nodules in the left thyroid lobe. Then ultrasonogram-guided fine needle aspiration of left thyroid nodule was positive for papillary carcinoma. She underwent total thyroidectomy with left complete cervical lymph node dissection. The histopathology was confirmed PTC combined with non-caseating granulomatous inflammation suggesting sarcoidosis on thyroid mass and lymph node. We report here a case of PTC coexistent with thyroid involvement of pulmonary sarcoidosis.
Adult ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Endocrinology ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Lung ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic System ; Sarcoidosis* ; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms* ; Thyroid Nodule ; Thyroidectomy ; Ultrasonography

The purpose of this study was to investigate the consumption and perception of high caloric-low nutrient dense foods in middle school students in the Daegu. Among 550 questionnaires distributed to students in Daegu, 528 (256 boys and 272 girls) were analyzed. A little higher than 80% of students ate snacks everyday, and 43.4%, 29.0%, and 8.1% ate snacks once, twice, and three times or more per day, respectively. Snacks and foods most frequently consumed were ice cream, fried noodles, drinks, cookies, and baked goods. Energy supply from snacks was 104.8~356.9 Kcal/intake while that from meal substitution foods was 520.7~980 Kcal/intake. Students' knowledge score of high caloric-low nutrient dense foods was 6.51+/-3.02 out of 10 points. Sixty percent of students did not read nutrition labels, but 67.9% of them thought that they need nutrition education by nutrition teachers. Students recognized the criteria of high caloric-low nutrient dense foods as well as proper food selection for essential educational items, It was concluded that effective education should be implemented in middle schools by nutrition teachers for students to develop good habits in selecting snacks and foods.
Food Preferences ; Humans ; Ice Cream ; Meals ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Snacks