Purpose: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the association between the type and level of physical activity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Korean adults aged 40 years and over. Methods: A total of 11,848 adults aged 40 years and over from the eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019–2021) were analyzed. The participants were classified into four groups according to the type and level of physical activity (‘combined,’ ‘aerobic only,’ ‘resistance only,’ and ‘insufficiently active’). MetS and risk factors were analyzed according to the diagnostic criteria of the Korean Society of Cardiometabolic Syndrome. Complex samples logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the relationship between the type and level of physical activity and MetS after adjusting covariates. Results Compared to the ‘insufficiently active’ group, the ‘combined’ group had a 28% lower risk of MetS (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.62–0.83), the ‘aerobic only’ group had a 19% lower risk of MetS (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.72–0.92), and the ‘resistance only’ group had a 40% lower risk of MetS (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.50–0.72). The ‘combined’ and ‘resistanceonly’ groups showed a significantly lower risk of four risk factors for MetS except for ‘high fasting glucose,’ and the ‘aerobic only’ group showed a significantly lower risk of ‘abdominal obesity’ and ‘a low level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.’ Conclusion: The results of this study showed a negative association between the type and level of physical activity and MetS.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the levels of sedentary time, physical activity, and obesity in Korean older adults. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 1,396 Korean older adults aged 65 to 80 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2018. Complex samples logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between the levels of sedentary time, physical activity, and obesity. Results: The high sedentary group (≥ 8 hours/day) had significantly greater odds of having obesity than the low sedentary group (＜ 8 hours/day). But there was no statistically significant difference in odds of having obesity between the high active group (≥ 600 metabolic equivalent of task [MET]-minute/week) and the low active group (＜ 600 MET-minute/week). The high sedentary/low active group had significantly greater odds of having obesity than the low sedentary/high active group and the low sedentary/low active group. But there was no statistically significant difference in odds of having obesity compared to the high sedentary/high active group. Conclusion Higher sedentary time (≥ 8 hours/day) was associated with a higher risk of having obesity, independent of meeting higher physical activity level (≥ 600 MET-minute/week) in Korean older adults.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the levels of sedentary time, physical activity, and obesity in Korean older adults. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 1,396 Korean older adults aged 65 to 80 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2018. Complex samples logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between the levels of sedentary time, physical activity, and obesity. Results: The high sedentary group (≥ 8 hours/day) had significantly greater odds of having obesity than the low sedentary group (＜ 8 hours/day). But there was no statistically significant difference in odds of having obesity between the high active group (≥ 600 metabolic equivalent of task [MET]-minute/week) and the low active group (＜ 600 MET-minute/week). The high sedentary/low active group had significantly greater odds of having obesity than the low sedentary/high active group and the low sedentary/low active group. But there was no statistically significant difference in odds of having obesity compared to the high sedentary/high active group. Conclusion Higher sedentary time (≥ 8 hours/day) was associated with a higher risk of having obesity, independent of meeting higher physical activity level (≥ 600 MET-minute/week) in Korean older adults.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the association between resistance exercise frequency, aerobic physical activity level, and health-related quality of life in Korean older adults from the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2018. Methods: Complex samples logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between resistance exercise frequency, aerobic physical activity level, and health-related quality of life in Korean older adults. Odds ratio, covariate-adjusted odds ratio, and 95% confidence interval were calculated for the relationship. Covariates were age, sex, educational status, alcohol drinking, smoking, household income status, and body mass index. Results: In all variables related to resistance exercise frequency and aerobic physical activity level, the group performing below the recommended level was significantly higher in odds ratio and covariate-adjusted odds ratio on EuroQol-5 Dimension index score of less than 1 (having problems with health-related quality of life) than the group performing above the recommended level. Conclusion The results of this study showed that performing above the recommended level of resistance exercise frequency and aerobic physical activity is associated with improved health-related quality of life in Korean older adults.