No abstract available.
Classification*

To assess the influence of diabetes mellitus on the healing of segmental defect of rat, a defect measuring 5mm was made at right sciatic nerve in thirty-three adult female Wistar rats(control group:17, diabetic group:16). To induce diabetes in rats, Streptozotocin(50mg/kg body weight) was injected into tail vein after dissolution in saline solution. Both proximal and distal nerve ends were connected with 9mm long silicone tube, and the tube was filled with 10µl collagen(Vitrogen 100) solution. Two and 4 weeks after the operation, electromyographic study(latency period and amplitude) and histologic examination(the number of myelinated axon, non-neuronal cell, and vessel at mid-chamber level, the mid-chamber cross-sectional area) after toluidine blue staining were carried out. From the results, we concluded that diabetes mellitus retarded the healing process of segmental defect of sciatic nerve in rat. And we might suggest that if we meet this situation in clinical practice, we have to consider some supportive measures to overcome the bad effect of diabetes mellitus on the healing of nerve defect.
Adult ; Animals ; Axons ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Female ; Humans ; Myelin Sheath ; Rats ; Sciatic Nerve ; Silicon ; Silicones ; Sodium Chloride ; Tail ; Tolonium Chloride ; Veins

Serum carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125) is a marker of ovarian cancer and obesity that is related with an increased risk of ovarian cancer. Obesity is a key factor of metabolic syndrome. We evaluated the relationship between CA-125 concentration and metabolic syndrome. The data from subjects who had any cancer and chronic infection were excluded. The data of 12,196 healthy Korean women were analyzed. After CA-125 concentration was divided by quartiles, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components were compared. The lowest quartile of CA-125 compared with the highest quartile showed elevated values of most of metabolic parameters. In addition, as the quartile of CA-125 increased, metabolic derangement decreased. Increased numbers of metabolic syndrome components showed an inverse association with CA-125 levels (P < 0.001). The odds ratio (OR) for the lowest CA-125 quartile vs the highest CA-125 quartile significantly increased in the presence of metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.202, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.013-1.423), elevated triglyceride (OR = 1.381, 95% CI 1.167-1.633), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR = 1.168, 95% CI 1.039-1.312). The presence of metabolic syndrome, elevated triglyceride, or low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol negatively correlates with CA-125 concentration.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; CA-125 Antigen/*blood ; Cholesterol, HDL/*blood ; Female ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins/*blood ; Metabolic Syndrome X/*blood/complications/epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/complications/epidemiology ; Republic of Korea ; Risk Factors ; Triglycerides/*blood

PURPOSE: Recent studies have revealed close relationships between hepatic injury, metabolic pathways, and gut microbiota. The microorganisms in the intestine also cause irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The aim of this study was to examine whether IBS was associated with elevated hepatic enzyme [alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)], gamma-glutamyl transferase (gamma-GT) levels, and metabolic syndrome (MS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, case-control study. The case and control groups comprised subjects who visited our health promotion center for general check-ups from June 2010 to December 2010. Of the 1127 initially screened subjects, 83 had IBS according to the Rome III criteria. The control group consisted of 260 age- and sex-matched subjects without IBS who visited our health promotion center during the same period. RESULTS: Compared to control subjects, patients with IBS showed significantly higher values of anthropometric parameters (body mass index, waist circumference), liver enzymes, gamma-GT, and lipid levels. The prevalences of elevated ALT (16.9% vs. 7.7%; p=0.015) and gamma-GT (24.1% vs. 11.5%; p=0.037) levels were significantly higher in patients with IBS than in control subjects. A statistically significant difference was observed in the prevalence of MS between controls and IBS patients (12.7% vs. 32.5%; p<0.001). The relationships between elevated ALT levels, MS, and IBS remained statistically significant after controlling for potential confounding factors. CONCLUSION: On the basis of our study results, IBS may be an important condition in certain patients with elevated ALT levels and MS.
Adult ; Alanine Transaminase/analysis/*metabolism ; Aspartate Aminotransferases/analysis/*metabolism ; Body Mass Index ; Case-Control Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome/diagnosis/*enzymology/epidemiology ; Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome X/complications/diagnosis/*enzymology/epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Waist Circumference ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase/analysis/*metabolism

No abstract available.
Panax

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: Adrenalectomy does impair the expression of hypothalamic NPY gene in the rat and replacement of glucocorticoid by intracerebroventricular(ICV) route resulted in a normalization of refeeding hyperphagia and weight gain in adrenalectomized(ADX), food-deprived rats. The purpose of this study was to assess the direct effect of CNS glucocorticoid on hypothalamic NPY gene expression which occurs following food deprivation in ADX rats. METHODS: Adult male Wistar rats were fitted with ICV cannulae and restricted the food intake for 14 days. Adrenalectomy and sham operation were done on the 10th day and single ICV corticosterone acetate(100ug/2uL) was given in one ADX group(ADX+CORT, n=9) and vehicle (2uL) was given in another ADX group(ADX+VEH, n=9) and sham rats(SHAM+VEH, n=7). After experiment, we measured NPY mRNA on arcuate nucleus by in situ hybridization. RESULTS: The rate of weight loss of ADX rats closely parallded that of sham-operated rats. Plasma glucose and insulin levels were not significantly different in three groups. Hybridization density on the ARC in ADX+VEH rats(0.42+/-0.02uCi/g: p<0.05) was significantly reduced compared to that in sham controls(0.68+/-0. 11uCi/g). ICV corticosterone injection increased the hybridization density in ADX+CORT rats(0.53+/-0.04uCi/g) compared to vehicle alone, although this did not reach that of controls. NPY gene expression was 40% in ADX+VEH rats and 62% in ADX+CORT rats compared to control rats. CONCLUSIONS: These results are consistent with the hypothesis that CNS glucocorticoid deficiency appears to be responsible for the impairment of refeeding hyperphagia in ADX rats and the effect of CNS glucocorticoid deficiency is a manifestation of impaired activation of hypothalamic NPY gene expression in the ARC.
Adrenalectomy ; Adult ; Animals ; Arcuate Nucleus ; Blood Glucose ; Catheters ; Corticosterone* ; Eating ; Food Deprivation ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Hyperphagia ; In Situ Hybridization ; Insulin ; Male ; Rats* ; Rats, Wistar ; RNA, Messenger* ; Weight Gain ; Weight Loss

No abstract available.
Smoke ; Smoking ; Smoking Cessation

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Hypoglycemia*