2.Intracavernosal Needle breakage developed during Self-injection of Vasoactive Agent : Two case reports.
Wan LEE ; Jeong Zoo LEE ; Young Il CHA ; Gyung Woo JUNG ; Nam Cheol PARK
Korean Journal of Andrology 2000;18(3):225-227
Currently intracavernous pharmacotherapy is the second common therapeutic modality for erectile dysfunction after the introduction of Viagra. Nevertheless, intracavernous pharmacotherapy has increased in popularity for the past 15 years. While having an overwhelming safety after complete training in injection method, this treatment option can reveal unexpected complications related to self-injection. We report two cases of intracavernous needle breakage associated with alprostadil (Caverject , Pharmacia-Upjohn) and trimix self-injection therapy with a brief review of the literature.
Alprostadil
;
Drug Therapy
;
Erectile Dysfunction
;
Male
;
Needles*
;
Sildenafil Citrate
3.Blood Flow and Genetic Expression Changes of the Rat Bladder to Short Term Partial Outlet Obstruction.
Tae Nam KIM ; Young Soo PARK ; Jeong Zoo LEE
Korean Journal of Urology 2005;46(9):981-991
PURPOSE: This study was aimed at evaluating the expressions of types I and III collagen, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), hypoxic inducible factor-1alpha(HIF-1alpha), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the hemodynamic changes of the bladder during the acute stages of a partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO) in adult rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bladder specimens were aseptically removed from 35 Sprague-Dawley adult rats (8 week old, weight 250-300gm) of both sham and experimental groups at 6, 12 and 24 hours, and 2, 3, 5 and 7 days after establishing a partial bladder outlet obstruction. Bladder blood flow was measured at the left vesicular artery using a laser flowmeter. The expressions of types I and III collagen, iNOS, HIF-1alpha and VEGF in relation to changes of the bladder wall were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining and Western blot assay. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in the vesical blood flow between the sham and experimental groups after the establishment of a PBOO. The bladder blood flow of the experimental groups was significantly decreased after establishing a PBOO of 3 days duration. The expressions of type III collagen and iNOS from the immunohistochemical staining of the bladder were markedly increased during the acute stages of a PBOO. The expressions of HIF-1alpha and VEGF from the Western blot of the bladder increased with duration of the obstruction. CONCLUSIONS: A decreased bladder blood flow during the acute stages of PBOO generally enhanced the expressions of iNOS and type III collagen. This study suggests that hypoxia of the bladder after establishing a PBOO induces the expression of HIF-1alpha, and then enhances the production of nitric oxide (NO) due to activation of iNOS, which finally results in bladder growth and a decrease in bladder wall compliance.
Adult
;
Animals
;
Anoxia
;
Arteries
;
Blotting, Western
;
Collagen
;
Collagen Type III
;
Compliance
;
Flowmeters
;
Hemodynamics
;
Humans
;
Nitric Oxide
;
Nitric Oxide Synthase
;
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
;
Rats*
;
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
;
Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction
;
Urinary Bladder*
;
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
4.Two cases of hemostasis by thrombosis in the traumatic total Severance of renal pedicle.
Min Soo KIM ; Jeong Zoo LEE ; Nam Cheol PARK ; Jong Byung YOON
Korean Journal of Urology 1991;32(3):509-513
Total severance of renal pedicle by blunt trauma to the abdomen is relatively rare and mainly leads to a fatal result by hypovolemic shock. We report the two cases of a 35 and a 20-year-old men with survival. They had blunt trauma on their right flank area by fall down from a driving cultivater and a steep hill 3 meters high in drunken state, respectively. We identified totally severed renal artery and vein to have been hemostatic by thrombosis at explorative laparatomy.
Abdomen
;
Hemostasis*
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Renal Artery
;
Shock
;
Thrombosis*
;
Veins
;
Young Adult
7.An Epidemiologic Survey of Strabismus and Nystagmus in South Korea: KNHANES V.
Ji Eun LEE ; Chang Zoo KIM ; Ki Yup NAM ; Seung Uk LEE ; Sang Joon LEE
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 2017;58(11):1260-1268
PURPOSE: Strabismus affects any age and represents various functional or non-functional eye problems. This population-based study was conducted to determine the prevalence of strabismus and nystagmus in South Korea according to various sociodemographic factors. METHODS: We acquired data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nation-wide cross-sectional survey and examinations of the non-institutionalized civilian population in South Korea (n = 30,538), conducted from July 2008 to December 2011. The prevalence of strabismus and nystagmus were verified, and associated sociodemographic factors was evaluated. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of strabismic disorder in participants over 3 years of age was 1.4 ± 0.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3–1.6%; 1.5 ± 0.1% in males, 1.3 ± 0.1% in females). The prevalence of exodeviation (15 or more prism diopters), esodeviation (10 or more prism diopters), vertical deviation, and other complicated strabismus and nystagmus was 1.0%, 0.2%, 0.2%, 0.1% and 0.1% respectively. The prevalence was highest in the 6 to 15-year age group (1.9 ± 0.3%), and lowest in the 40 to 49 years age group (0.8 ± 0.1%) (p = 0.005). There were no statistically significant differences for gender, region, residential area, household income, educational level and occupation. CONCLUSIONS: This nation-wide epidemiologic study demonstrated that the prevalence of strabismus and nystagmus according to various sociodemographic factors in South Korea was not statistically significant except for age group. Further investigations are required based on more surveys to better recognize the etiologic or risk factors that may be related to strabismus and nystagmus.
Cross-Sectional Studies
;
Epidemiologic Studies
;
Esotropia
;
Exotropia
;
Family Characteristics
;
Humans
;
Korea*
;
Male
;
Nutrition Surveys
;
Occupations
;
Prevalence
;
Risk Factors
;
Strabismus*
8.Clinical Pediatric Statistics on Inpatients and Operations in the Department of Urology; College of Medicine, Pusan National University for 40 years, 1957-1996.
Sang Don LEE ; Yong Jin LEE ; Jeong Zoo LEE ; Nam Cheol PARK ; Moon Kee CHUNG ; Jong Byung YOON
Korean Journal of Urology 1997;38(6):668-677
Statistical clinical studies of pediatric urology were made on 2,803 inpatients and 2,335 operative procedures at our department from Jan. 1957 to Dec. 1996. The statistical clinical studies of pediatric urology were summarized as follows: 1. Total number of inpatients and operations was 2,586 and 2,208 in male, 217 and 127 in female, respectively. 2. Total number of pediatric inpatients and operative procedures was markedly increased since 1980. Neonates and infants were also increased since late 1980 according to activation of antenatal clinics, especially. 3. The main diseases were cryptorchidism, hypospadias, obstruction of ureteropelvic junction (UPJO), hydrocele and urethral injury. The most common involved organ was penis and scrotum followed by urethra, kidney, ureter and bladder. 4. The main operations were orchiopexy, urethroplasty, circumcision, hydrocelectomy and pyeloplasty.
Busan*
;
Circumcision, Male
;
Cryptorchidism
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Hypospadias
;
Infant
;
Infant, Newborn
;
Inpatients*
;
Kidney
;
Male
;
Orchiopexy
;
Penis
;
Scrotum
;
Surgical Procedures, Operative
;
Ureter
;
Urethra
;
Urinary Bladder
;
Urology*
9.Clinical Experience of Laparoscopic Transperitoneal Adrenalectomy.
Tae Nam KIM ; Jeong Zoo LEE ; Moon Kee CHUNG ; In Ju KIM ; Yong Ki KIM ; Wan LEE
Korean Journal of Urology 2005;46(9):931-937
PURPOSE: A laparoscopic procedure is considered the treatment of choice for an adrenalectomy. We report our experience of a laparoscopic transperitoneal adrenalectomy in a series of 41 patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between February 1999 and September 2004, 41 consecutive patients underwent a laparoscopic transperitoneal adrenalectomy. The indications for a adrenalectomy were primary aldosteronism in 16 patients, Cushing's syndrome in 7, pheochromocytoma in 6, nonfunctional adenoma in 5, adrenal cyst in 3, benign cystic teratoma in 2, myelolipoma in 1 and metastatic renal cell carcinoma in 1. The author analyzed the results of each operation. RESULTS: The affected adrenal gland was successfully removed, with the exception of 3 cases. Conversion to open surgery was necessary in 3 of the pheochromocytoma patients due to massive intraoperative bleeding and severe adhesion to retroperitoneal fat. The mean operative time was 245.3 minutes (125-420). The mean intraoperative blood loss and adrenal mass size were 189.6ml (20-2100) and 3.6cm (1.0-10.4), respectively. The mean post-operative hospital stay was 10.4 days (5-29). The mean times to oral intake and ambulation were 1.4 (1-3) and 1.0 days (1-2) after the operation, respectively. The mean number of days of analgesic administration was 2.1 (0-6). The conversion and major complication rates were 7.3 and 10.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A laparoscopic adrenalectomy is safe and effective in nearly all adrenal pathologies, with early oral intake, ambulation and a low number of days of pain control.
Adenoma
;
Adrenal Glands
;
Adrenalectomy*
;
Carcinoma, Renal Cell
;
Conversion to Open Surgery
;
Cushing Syndrome
;
Hemorrhage
;
Humans
;
Hyperaldosteronism
;
Intra-Abdominal Fat
;
Laparoscopy
;
Length of Stay
;
Myelolipoma
;
Operative Time
;
Pathology
;
Pheochromocytoma
;
Teratoma
;
Walking
10.Misplacement or Migration? Extremely Rare Case of Cardiac Migration of a Ureteral J Stent.
Tae Nam KIM ; Chan Ho LEE ; Do Hoon KONG ; Dong Kil SHIN ; Jeong Zoo LEE
Korean Journal of Urology 2014;55(5):360-362
A 29-year-old woman with mild back pain when coughing and suprapubic discomfort after voiding was admitted to Pusan National University Hospital. Two weeks earlier, she had undergone a hysterectomy and right-sided ureteroneocystostomy for uterine atony and right ureteral injury with bladder rupture. Computed tomography showed that a ureteral J stent extended from the right ovarian vein to the right cardiac chamber. The stent was retrieved via both femoral veins with a snare loop and pigtail catheter. Computed tomography showed that the urinary and vascular tracts were normal 5 months after the procedure.
Adult
;
Back Pain
;
Busan
;
Catheters
;
Cough
;
Female
;
Femoral Vein
;
Foreign-Body Migration
;
Heart
;
Humans
;
Hysterectomy
;
Rupture
;
SNARE Proteins
;
Stents*
;
Ureter*
;
Urinary Bladder
;
Uterine Inertia
;
Veins