Mucormycosis is an infectious disease caused by fungi of the order Mucorales. Almost all patients have a serious uriderlying condition such as diabetes mallitus, imrnunosuppression, starvation, burn, but a few cais have been reported in previously heilthy subjects. In order to successfully treat this infection, diagnosis must be prompt and acior. panied by aggressive debridement and parenteral administration of amphotericin B. We report a case of primary cutaneous mucormycosis in 58-year-old man. The lesion was a well-circumscribed erythematous plaque with central necrcis Histopathologically, a biopsy revealed broad, nonsptate with branches occuring at right anghles.
Amphotericin B ; Biopsy ; Burns ; Communicable Diseases ; Debridement ; Diagnosis ; Fungi ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mucorales ; Mucormycosis* ; Starvation

No abstract available.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*

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No abstract available.

Brain size is a useful parameter describing ontogenic character and function. Despite its potential contribution to functional study and diagnosis of disease, it has been hampered by poor assessment tools in vivo and postmortem changes. Recent development of medical imaging techniques such as MRI and CT enable us to understand brain structures in vivo. Many morphometirc studies of the brain has given us new insights in the field of functional neuroanatomy and neuropsychiatric diseases. In spite of these advances, volumetric data of normal Korean brain is not available yet. As an initial approach to Korean standard brain size, we measured the cerebellar volume between 20 and 80 years old Koreans. The MRI films free from lesions in brain was analyzed and measured by NIH image program. The Korean cerebellar volume were ranged between 86.2cm(3) and 141.3 cm(3) and average male cerebellum volume was significantly larger than that of female[male : 118.2+/-11.2cm(3)] > female : 108.0+/-9.6cm(3), P=0.1021E-07<0.05]. And we could not find volume change according to aging process. This is the first report on normal Korean cerebellar volume and the presence of gender difference in the Korean cerebellar volume. These data will be used for the standard useful in studying cerebellar function and cerebellum associated disorders in the future.
Aged, 80 and over ; Aging ; Brain ; Cerebellum ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Male ; Neuroanatomy ; Postmortem Changes

PURPOSE: Two types of chitosan oligosaccharides (COSs), COS I and COS II, were investigated for the effects on ascitic tumor and enzymes for cancer chemoprevention. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chitosan oligosaccharides were administered once daily for 10 days after the tumor implantation. The change of body weight was observed for 20 days, and the survival rate of mice was determined after 21 days. Chitosan oligosaccharides were administered once daily for 10 days before the tumor implantation (1 106 cells). The number of ascitic tumor cells were measured at 6 days after tumor implantation. Chemopreventive potential of chitosan oligosaccharides was examined by the induction of quinone reductase and inhibition of cytochrome P450 1A1. RESULTS: Chitosan oligosaccharides exerted antitumor activity by inhibiting the growth of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in vivo. Mice given Ehrlich cells and 10 or 100 mg/kg body weight of chitosan oligosaccharides had 33% survival after 21 days. Quinone reductase activity was increased with chitosan oligosaccharides. There were 26% and 33% inhibition in the activity of cytochrome P450 1A1 enzyme with the treatment of COS I and COS II, respectively. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that chitosan oligosaccharides has antitumor activity and cancer chemo preventive potential by inducing QR activity and inhibiting cytochrome P450 1A1.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor ; Chemoprevention* ; Chitosan* ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; Mice ; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) ; Oligosaccharides ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: We report here on a solution for the case of a 71 year old lady with cartilage destruction in the left shoulder and the loss of the rotator cuff secondary to post-septic arthritic sequelae. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After thorough laboratory, clinical and radiological investigation of the patient to rule out any foci of active infection, we contemplated performing reverse total shoulder arthroplasty as a primary procedure. RESULTS: At 22 months follow up, the patient had an excellent result according to the UCLA and ASES scales. CONCLUSION: Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty seems to be an efficient procedure to improve pain and function in the post-septic shoulder accompanying severe rotator cuff injury.
Arthritis, Infectious ; Arthroplasty ; Cartilage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Rotator Cuff ; Shoulder

PURPOSE: To report a case of proptosis occurring during a Valsalva maneuver in a neurofibromatosis patient with an arachnoid cyst. CASE SUMMARY: A 42-year-old man diagnosed with type I neurofibromatosis visited our hospital with a 20-year history of enophthalmos in the left eye. The patient also complained of exophthalmos during the abdominal straining. On exophthalmometry, a 4 mm enophthalmos was found. The patient also presented with a limited motion to the superior and lateral direction. There was an ocular pulsation corresponding to the heart rate. During the Valsalva maneuver, a marked exophthalmos of the left eye occurred. The patient had light brown spots on the skin of the face and body trunk. Following an orbital computed tomography (CT), defects of the left sphenoid bone were present. Posteriorly, an arachnoid cyst was found; however, there was a lack of varix. The archnoid cyst was also observed to expand into the orbit during the Valsalva maneuver and forward the globe. CONCLUSIONS: To date, cases of proptosis occurring during a Valsalva maneuver by causes other than orbital varix are rare. Herein, the authors report a case with a review of literature.
Adult ; Arachnoid ; Enophthalmos ; Exophthalmos ; Eye ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Light ; Neurofibromatoses ; Orbit ; Skin ; Sphenoid Bone ; Sprains and Strains ; Valsalva Maneuver ; Varicose Veins

PURPOSE: To report the anatomic and visual results of vitrectomy without scleral buckling in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. METHODS: Primary vitrectomy without scleral buckling for the treatment rhegmatogenous retinal detachment was done in 41 eyes (41 patients) and followed up for a mean period of 21.5 months(range 6~65 months). Indications of primary vitrectomy were uncertain preoperative breaks, the presence of large breaks, the presence of breaks near equator, multiple breaks, proliferative vitreoretinopathy not related to breaks and presence of inferior vitreous hemorrhage. RESULTS: The anatomic success rate after a single operation was 90.2%. Visual acuity was improved or stable in 37 eyes (90.2%). Progression of lens opacity (35.7%) and formation of epiretinal membrane (12.2%) constituted the major complications after primary vitrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Primary vitrectomy without scleral buckling can be a safe, effective method to repair primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments in selective cases.
Cataract ; Epiretinal Membrane ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Scleral Buckling ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy* ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy of fibrin glue used in conjunctival resection for conjunctivochalasis with epiphora. METHODS: Twenty-three patients (42 eyes) with conjunctivochalasis without nasolacrimal duct obstruction underwent conjunctival resection using either absorbable sutures (11 patients, 20 eyes, Group 1) or fibrin glue (12 patients, 22 eyes, Group 2) to attach the conjunctiva to the sclera. Outcomes recorded were improvement of epiphora, postoperative discomfort, and operation time. Postoperative discomfort was analyzed only in one eye (right eye) in case that the both eyes were operated. RESULTS: Epiphora completely improved in 6 eyes (30%) in Group 1 and 8 eyes (36.4%) in Group 2, partially improved in 9 eyes (45%) and 8 eyes (36.4%), and did not improved in 5 eyes (25%) and 6 eyes (27.2%), respectively (p=1.000). On the first day postoperatively, postoperative eye discomfort developedin 7 eyes (63.6%) in Group 1 and 5 eyes (41.7%) in Group 2 (p=0.414). Throughout the following week, the discomfort lasted in 6 eyes (54.5%) in Group 1 and 1 eye (13.6%) in Group 2 (p=0.027). The mean operation time was 25.0 (+/-2.6) minutes in Group 1 and 12.0 (+/-2.4) minutes in Group 2 (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The success rates were similar in the two groups. However, the use of fibrin glue significantly reduces the postoperative discomfort and the operation time. Therefore, the use of fibrin glue in conjunctival resection of conjunctivochalasis seems to be an effective method.
Conjunctiva ; Eye ; Fibrin ; Fibrin Tissue Adhesive ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Nasolacrimal Duct ; Sclera ; Sutures