No abstract available.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Humans ; Pathology, Surgical* ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Nodule*

We report a case of Hunter' s syndrome with characteristic nodules on the upper back. The patient was a 7-year-old Korean boy who presented with ivory-colored papules and nodules on both sides of the scapula, pectoral regions and lateral aspects of the upper arms. These lesione are regarded as pathognomonic cutaneous markers for Hunter s syndrome. He also presented with truncal hypertrichosis, retarded growth, short neck, round face, claw like contractures of hands, multiple joint contractures, and a clear cornea. Severely elevated glycosaminoglycan levels were present in the patient s urine samples. The patient s 5-year-old brother had similar clinical features.
Animals ; Arm ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Contracture ; Cornea ; Hand ; Hoof and Claw ; Humans ; Hypertrichosis ; Joints ; Male ; Mucopolysaccharidosis II* ; Neck ; Scapula ; Siblings

The effects of ether and halothane anesthesia, and surgery on blood sugar level in children were studied in twelve patients, Six patients were anesthetized with ether and other six patients with halothane. Blood samples were taken two times through a catheter in the external jugular vein after intravenous injection of pentothal 6 mg/kg and succinylcholine 1mg/kg during the anesthesia and. surgical procedure. Blood sugar was measured with the orthotoluidine method. The mean value of blood sugar in the ether group was elevated significantly from 68 mg/100 inl to 92. 2 mg/100 ml and also in the halothane group it was elevated' from 68. 8 mg/l00 ml to 81 mg/100 ml, with a significant difference that the blood sugar level was higher in the ether group than in the halothane group. Results were also compared with the hyperglycemic response to different types of surgery. The value of blood sugar under general anesthesia during intra-abdominal, body surface and other surgery was measured. The hyperglycemic response to intra-abdominal surgery was the largest and the next was in other surgery, and in body surface surgery it was smallest, so it was shown there is a relationship between the degree of trauma and the rise in blood sugar.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Blood Glucose* ; Catheters ; Child* ; Ether ; Halothane ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Jugular Veins ; Methods ; Succinylcholine ; Thiopental

Arachnoid cysts are benign developmental cysts that occur between aachnoid layers, which represent approximately 1 percent of all intracranial space-occupying lesions, their most common location being the middle cranial fossa. Current surgical treatment options for intracranial arachnoid cyst are either craniotomy and excision of cyst or shunting of cyst contents extracranially. We treated 10 cases of intracranial arachnoid cyst by excision during last two years. For the best surgical curability, we have, not only removed the cyst wall and adhesive gliotic tissue as possible, but also made the opening to basal cistern for communication. During average 8.4 months follow up, we observed, not specific morbidity and mortality, but good clinical improvement and brain expansion. As above result, if haven't specific problem, the direct surgical removal may be the primary choice for intracranial arachnoid cyst, especially in children with noncommunicating type in sylvian.
Adhesives ; Arachnoid Cysts* ; Brain ; Child ; Cranial Fossa, Middle ; Craniotomy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mortality

The choice of equipment for the administration of anesthesia depends to a considerable extent upon personal preference. Underlying factors must guide this choice, however. Equipment is suited to the individual patient, with especial care to avoid resistance, dead space, fatigue, and trauma, since all of these insults are easily imposed upon small patients. As we have had good experience in pediatric anesthesia with the Ambu valve and the results were satisfactory, we report with discussion of references.
Anesthesia* ; Fatigue ; Humans

One author's name is misspelled. Correct Seungho Rhu into Seungho Ryu.

The treatment of recurrent supratentorial glioma is one of the most challenging and at the same time one of the oldest problem in neurosurgery, especially in case of multiple recurrence. We have experienced 15-year-old male, multiple recurrent supratentorial glioma patient who was subjected to 6 times of operation, radiation therapy and chemotherapy druing 5 year follow-up period. We reveiewed the literature and discussed about recurrent rate, malignant change, method of management and indication of reoperation in low grade glioma.
Adolescent ; Astrocytoma* ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glioma ; Humans ; Male ; Neurosurgery ; Recurrence ; Reoperation

This study aimed to examine whether a dose-response relationship exists between psychological distress and types of physical activity (total, occupational, and leisuretime). The study subjects (233 men and 313 women) were recruited for a study on cardiovascular disease in the Yangpyeong community located in South Korea. The type and characteristics of physical activity were measured with a modified version of the Stanford 5 city project's questionnaire by well-trained interviewers using a standard protocol. The Psychological Well-being Index-Short Form was used to assess psychological distress. Both the intensity and duration of time in either total physical activity or occupational physical activity (OPA) were not related to the distress score. However, a long duration of time (1 hr/day) in severely intensive (> or =6 metabolic equivalent) OPA was related to a high distress score in men (14.1 for none vs. 19.7, pfor- trend=0.005), even after the adjustment for leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). A long duration in time (1 hr/day) in LTPA was related to a lower distress score in men independent of their OPA (16.7 for none vs. 13.1, p-for-trend=0.02). In conclusion, the dose-response relationship of physical activity on psychological distress appeared to differ among the different types of activities. The type of activity may be an important determinant of whether physical activity produces psychological benefits.
Adult ; Exercise ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Korea ; Leisure Activities ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Motor Activity ; Physical Fitness ; Questionnaires ; Stress, Psychological/*etiology ; Time Factors

PURPOSE: The number of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) subjects has been increasing worldwide, and many studies have been conducted to determine the treatment that can delay drug therapy or surgery. Subsequently, most of these studies involved physical activity (PA) and associated factors. Therefore, we aimed to determine factors associated with BPH prevalence based on a review of past and present studies and to investigate the effect of a healthy lifestyle as a protective factor of BPH occurrence. METHODS: We selected 582 subjects aged > or =40 years from an initial 779 subjects recruited from Gyeonggi, Yangpyeong, South Korea, during August 2009 to August 2011. Trained investigators surveyed International Prostate Symptom Score and demographic information, including PA and lifestyle questionnaire during face-to-face interviews; further, they performed digital rectal examination, rectal ultrasonography, and measured prostate-specific antigen levels. The statistical association between PA and BPH was analyzed by logistic regression analysis using multivariable regression models which use categorical variables by the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test and continuous variables by the general linear model. RESULTS: Seven statistically significant variables for PA were selected. Regular exercise, frequency of exercise, sedentary time, nonsedentary time, leisure time PA (metabolic equivalent, hr/wk) were not statistically associated with prostate volume but sedentary time (hr/day) was the only factor that showed a significant association in the multivariable model, including a linear effect relationship. Subjects with lower levels of sedentary time (4.5-7.0 hr/day) had a significantly lower risk of BPH (odds ratio [OR], 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52-1.67) than those with a higher sedentary time (>7 hr/day) (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 0.96-3.09) (P for trend=0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that reducing sedentary time could have a protective effect and reduce the prevalence of BPH. Further prospective studies with a larger sample size are needed to assess the impact of reducing sedentary time on BPH risk.
Digital Rectal Examination ; Drug Therapy ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Hyperplasia* ; Korea ; Leisure Activities ; Life Style ; Linear Models ; Logistic Models ; Motor Activity* ; Prevalence ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Quality of Life ; Research Personnel ; Sample Size ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVES: To identify the psychosocial well-being status in a rural community, and examine the association between the psychosocial well-being status and adverse lipid profile. METHOD: In 2001, we surveyed 575 subjects in Yangpyoung, Kyounggido, including medical examination, fasting-blood sample and questionnaires for the psychosocial well-being status, socioeconomic position and behavioral risk factors. The logistic regression analysis was used to examine explanatory factors of the psychosocial well-being status, and association between the psychosocial well-being status and adverse lipid profiles. RESULT: The association between the psychosocial well-being status and adverse lipid profiles was not strong. The total cholesterol and triglyceridelevels were associated with psychosocial well-being. The adjusted odds ratio for moderate psychosocial well-being relating to total cholesterol was 1.90 (95%CI, 0.82-4.04), but that for triglyceride was 0.65 (95%CI, 0.36-1.21). The HDL-Cholesterol and LDL-Cholesterol level were not associated with the psychosocial well-being status. CONCLUSION: The total cholesterol and psychosocial well-being status were weakly associated, but the between the psychosocial well-being status and adverse lipid profiles were not consistent.
Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cholesterol ; Logistic Models ; Methods ; Odds Ratio ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population ; Social Class ; Triglycerides