No abstract available.
Humans ; Male* ; Thyroid Diseases* ; Thyroid Gland*

Ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) has been recognised as a definite clinical entity as an ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. It has been known that the incidence of OLF is high in Japan and OLF usually occurs in the thoracic and lumbar region. Recently OLF has received considerable attention as a cause of myelopathy. OLF is quite distinct from “hypertrophy” of the ligamentum flvum. We experienced 2 cases of OLF with neurological symptom, which were treated by decompressive laminectomy and removal of the ossified ligamentum flavum. So remarkable symptomatic improvement was obtained.
Incidence ; Japan ; Laminectomy ; Ligamentum Flavum ; Longitudinal Ligaments ; Lumbosacral Region ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; Spine

For measurement of the degree of osteoporosis, various methods have been used. The Saville's index of the lumbar spine is very simple method. With the object of studying the reliability and clinical usefulness of Saville's index, authors compared the Saville's index with anteroposterior(A.P.) and lateral Dual x-ray absorptiometry, and the Singh's index with the anteroposterior D.X.A. We took the D.X.A. and simple lumbar spine lateral view in 124 patients in same time and also performed D.X.A. and both hips anteroposterior views in 112 patients, then analyzed the correlation between the A.P. and lateral D.X.A., Saville's index and D.X.A., Singh's index and D.X.A. The results were as follows. 1. The correlation coefficient of the A.P. and lateral D.X.A. was 0.46 and appeared the low degree of correlation. 2. The correlation coefficient of the A.P. and lateral D.X.A. compared with Saville's index were 0.68 and 0.83, respectively. Saville's index appeared the higher correlation in lateral D.X.A. than A.P. D.X.A. 3. The correlation coefficient of Singh's index and D.X.A. was 0.84, appeared nearly the same results of Saville's index with lateral D.X.A. 4. Intrapersonal differences were 36% in Saville's index, 28% in Singh's index. Saville's index appeared higher intrapersonal error than Singh's index. The lateral D.X.A. is more accurate and precise method than A.P. D.X.A. because lateral D.X.A. reduces the influence of soft tissue calcification and degenerative changes of spine. As Saville's index is a grading method based on lateral view of lumbar spine, we think that it should be compared with the lateral D.X.A. Regarding this results, authors suggest that Saville's index is not any accurate measurement of bone quantity, but has clinical usefulness for evaluation of osteroporosis.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Bone Density ; Hip ; Humans ; Methods ; Osteoporosis ; Spine

The medial collateral ligament is the most commonly injured ligamentous structure of the knee. The management of the medial collateral ligament injuries were divided into surgical and conservative treatment. More recently, many investigators reported that isolated medial collateral ligament injuries did well under non-operative treatment. So, arthroscopic examination of the knee to rule out other intraarticular pathologic conditions such as cruciate ligament injuries, meniscal tear and osteochondral lesion is essential. From October 1993 to April 1995, we treated 45 cases of Grade III medial collateral ligament injuries and arthroscopic finding for cruciate ligament, meniscus, bony structure were analized in these cases. The result were as follows; 1. Anterior cruciate ligament injury:37.5% in +1 degree, 42.8% in +2 degree, 86.7% in +3 degree 2. Posterior cruciate ligament injury:12.5% in +1 degree, 13.4% in +2 degree, 33.3% in +3 degree 3. Meniscal injury:12.5% in +1 degree, 21.3% in +2 degree, 33.4% in +3 degree 4. Medial capsular ligament injury was more frequent and severe in the meniscofemoral ligament than in the meniscotibial ligament, but that finding was not correlated with degree of medial instability.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Collateral Ligaments ; Humans ; Knee ; Ligaments ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Research Personnel ; Rupture ; Tears

STUDY DESIGN: This study is a retrospective evaluation of the high lumbar disc herniations. OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study is to observe the clinical and radiological findings and out-comes of the high lumbar disc herniations, thus providing a guideline for making diagnosis and for proper treatment modality. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: High lumbar disc herniations at the L1 -2, L2-3 and L3-4 levels represent less than 5% of all disc herniations. The location of pain was highly complected. The represented symptoms and signs such as motor, sensory and reflex changes were variable and potentially misleading in suggesting a level of the disc herniation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-one patients with high lumbar disc herniations were retrospectively evaluated. Seventeen patients were treated conservatively and fourteen patients underwent surgery. Review of results was undertaken by an independent observer using a proven outcome assessment measure. RESULTS: The incidence of high lumbar disc herniation is 4.7%(L1-2: 13%, L2-3: 29%, L3-4: 58%) with declining frequency as the level ascends. The peak age incidence is 6th decade in male and 5th decade in female. The positive rate of femoral nerve stretching test(74%) is higher than that of straight leg raising test(51%). In fourteen operative cases, the positive rate of straight leg raising test is 86%. The accuracy of MRI findings in predicting the type of herniated disc is 93%. In results of operation thirteen cases showed more than fair grade(93%). CONCLUSION: The age incidence of the high lumbar disc herniation is older than that of the lower lumbar disc herniation. The femoral nerve stretching test is more useful than straight leg raising test in making diagnosis of high lumbar disc herniations. The prognosis after treatment is comparable with high lumbar disc herniations.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Femoral Nerve ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; Leg ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Prognosis ; Reflex ; Retrospective Studies

Idiopathic progressive atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini(IPAPP) is charcterized by sharply dermatcated, atrophic and slate-gray to brownish patches. We report a 17-year-old female with well-defined, atrophic, and brown colored patched on the abdomen, flank, and back. Histologic finding showed marked thining of dermis with thichening of collagen fibers and fragmentation of elastic fibers.
Abdomen ; Adolescent ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Elastic Tissue ; Female ; Humans

The authors studied the effect of insufflation of oxygen at 5 cmH2O into the nonventilated lung on the arterial oxygenation in the thoracotomy patients(n=14) who showed PaO2 below 100 mmHg or oxygen saturation below 95% during one-lung ventilation. When applying CPAP 5 cmH2O to the collapsed lung, we inflated the collapsed lung with reservoir bag that is one of the equipment of self made CPAP device. Hemodynamic parameter(mean arterial pressure and heart rate), arterial blood gas analysis and calculated shunt fraction was collected 10, 20, 30min after applying CPAP. PaO2 was significantly increased from 76+/-20mmHg to 180+/-66 (mean+/-SD) and shunt fraction was significantly decreased from 43.5+/-5.6% to 31.5+/-4.9% at CPAP 10 min. There was no significant difference in the PaO2 and shunt fraction between CPAP 10, 20 and 30 min. Heart rate was also significantly decreased with CPAP compared to pre-CPAP value. Other parameter(mean arterial pressure, PaCO2) was not changed with CPAP. The authors conclude that CPAP 5 cmH2O to the nonventilated lung is effective to improve oxygenation when hypoxemia occurs during one-lung ventilation.
Anoxia ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure* ; Heart ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Insufflation ; Lung* ; One-Lung Ventilation* ; Oxygen* ; Thoracotomy

No abstract available.
Amino Acid Sequence* ; HIV* ; Phenotype*

We report a case of subcutaneous fat necrosis associated with pancreatitis that may be the first case in Korean hterature as for we know. The patient was a 41-year-old man wbo presented erythema nodesum-like erythematous subcufaneous nodules on both lower extremities. Histopathologic findings showed subcutaneoms focal fat necrosis and ghoat-like cells. Granular basophilic material was deposited in and around the necrotic fat cells and stained positively with von Kossa stain. The lesioas subsided gradwdly without any specific treatment, as the underlying pancreatitis was ameliorated.
Adipocytes ; Adult ; Basophils ; Erythema ; Fat Necrosis ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Necrosis* ; Pancreatitis* ; Subcutaneous Fat*

Multiple cerebral infarction developed in a 36-year-old woman with adenocarcinoma of the right lung with direct cardiac invasion. Neurological examination and brain MRI showed findings of ordinary infarction. Transesophageal echocardiography showed left atrial pedunculated mass which was the potential source of embolism. We report a rare case who had such multiple spontaneous tumor emboli large enough to result in clinically detectable cerebral infarction.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adult ; Brain ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; Embolism ; Female ; Humans ; Infarction ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating ; Neurologic Examination