No abstract available.
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli* ; Enterotoxins*

Seidel nail provides more advantages for treatment of humeral shaft fracture than other treatment modalities. It enables patients to get high bone union rate, makes surgical technigne less invasive, and allows early mobilization mobilization so that the patients is subjected to more comfortable treatment. But, Seidel nail is apt to injure the rotator cuff and has relatively weak holding power of distal fragment of fracture so that it may result in distraction and rotatory instability, and make nonunion and impaired shoulder function. Thus, in order to the functional and radiological results, complications and technical problems, we evaluated the efficacy of Seidel nail in treatment of 20 cases of hurneral shaft fractures from March l994 to March 1996, retrospectively. The results were as follows. 1. 18 cases(90%) achieved radiological union. 2. The time of union was 12.5 weeks in average. 3. 17 cases achieved satisfactory results according to Neers functional score. 4. The complications included proximal protrusion of nail from the entry site(10%), fracture of greater tuberosity of proximal humerus(5%), loosening of distal spreading screw(10%), and nonunion( l 0%). In conclusion, Seidel nailing is one of good treatment modalities for humeral shaft fracture, but skillful operative technique is needed to obtain the satisfactory functional result. And also, it is necessory to modify the distal locking system of Seidel nail to reinforce the rotational stahility of the fracture site.
Early Ambulation ; Humans ; Humerus ; Retrospective Studies ; Rotator Cuff ; Shoulder

No abstract available.
Abscess* ; Nocardia*

No abstract available.
Diarrhea* ; Korea*

Purpose: To date, studies of firearm and explosive injuries in the Korean military have been limited compared to its importance. To overcome this, this study examined the characteristics of musculoskeletal damages in soldiers who have suffered firearm and explosive injuries over the past four years. Materials and Methods: From January 2015 to July 2019, military forces who had suffered musculoskeletal injuries from firearms or explosive substances were included. The medical records and radiographs were reviewed retrospectively, and telephone surveys about Short Musculoskeletal Functional Assessment (SMFA) for this group were conducted. To compare the functional outcomes, statistical analysis was performed using a t-test for the types of weapons, and ANOVA for others. Results: Of the 61 patients treated for firearms and explosives injuries, 30 patients (49.2%) were included after undergoing orthopedic treatment due to musculoskeletal injury. The average age at injury was 26.4 years old (21–52 years old). The number of officers and soldiers was similar. Eleven were injured by gunshot and 19 by an explosive device. Sixteen were treated in the Armed Forces Capital Hospital and 10 at private hospitals. More than half of the 16 patients (53.3%) with a fracture had multiple fractures. The most common injury site was the hand (33.3%), followed by the lower leg (30.0%). There were 14 patients (46.7%) with Gustilo-Anderson classification 3B or higher who required a soft tissue reconstruction. Fifteen patients agreed to join the SMFA survey for the functional outcomes. Between officers and soldiers, officers had better scores in the Bother Index compared to soldiers (p=0.0045). Patients treated in the Armed Forces Capital Hospital had better scores in both the Dysfunction and Bother Index compared to private hospitals (p=0.0008, p=0.0149). Conclusion This is the first study to analyze of weapons injuries in the Korean military. As a result of the study, the orthopedic burden was high in the treating patients with military weapon injuries. In addition, it is necessary to build a military trauma registry, including firearm and explosive injuries, for trauma treatment evaluation and development of military trauma system.

Clinically, Dubin-Johnson syndrome is characterized by mild icterus without specific symptoms or signs. The icterus is so mild that it is usually noted only during another illness, pregnancy, or the use of oral contraceptives. There is no pruritus in ubin-Johnson syndrome. The physical examination is usually normal, except for the icterus, although hepatosplenomegaly is seen occasionally. Histologically, the liver is normal, except for the presence of dense pigment making it appear black grossly. Pigmentation of tissues other than the liver in patients with Dubin-Johnson syndrome has been reported only in a few cases. We experienced a case of Dubin-Johnson syndrome with extrahepatic pigmentation in the skin with a neurofibroma in a 66-year-old man.
Aged ; Contraceptives, Oral ; Humans ; Jaundice ; Jaundice, Chronic Idiopathic ; Liver ; Neurofibroma ; Neurofibromatoses ; Physical Examination ; Pigmentation ; Pregnancy ; Pruritus ; Skin

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Colonoscopic perforation can be treated by both operative or non-operative methods. Non-operative management, and especially conservative management, may be appropriate for selected individuals. We wanted to verify the usefulness of performing conservative management for treating colonoscopic perforations. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of the colonoscopic perforation cases that occurred in the recent 5 yrs. 11 cases of perforation occurred from among 8,536 colonoscopic procedures. RESULTS: Ten cases occurred from a therapeutic procedure (five from polypectomy and another five occurred from an endoscopic (submucosal dissection) and one case occurred from a diagnostic procedure. The perforation sites were the ascending colon (three cases), transverse colon (two cases), descending colon (one case), sigmoid colon (two cases), and rectum (three cases). There were five intraperitoneal perforations and five retroperitoneal perforations. All the cases were detected within 12 hours and all the cases had received good bowel preparation. 10 cases were managed conservatively (nothing by mouth, broad spectrum antibiotics and, Levin tube suction). One case was managed by an operative procedure due to the large size of the defect and the patient's wish. All the patients recovered without complications. The mean hospital stay was 9.5 days. CONCLUSIONS: Colonoscopic perforation can managed conservatively in selected cases, such as for those cases that will undergo post-therapeutic colonoscopy and those cases that have undergone good bowel preparation.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Colon, Ascending ; Colon, Descending ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Colon, Transverse ; Colonoscopy ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Medical Records ; Mouth ; Rectum ; Surgical Procedures, Operative

We report a case of anal squamous cell carcinoma extended to the rectal mucosa that was clinically mistaken for rectal adenocarcinoma and literature reviwed. Sigmoidoscopic finding showed spherical shaped elevated lesion with central ulceration, interpreted as rectal adenocarcinoma in the distal portion of rectum. Anal squamous cell carcinoma is very rare among gastrointestinal cancer. Pathological study of the biopsy specimen demonstrated squamous cell carcinoma and normal rectal glands. Sigmoidoscopic finding of the presented case showed the ulcerarive lesion contineuosly extended from anal verge upward to the rectum. We postulate that the presented case is primarilly originated from the anal squamous cell carcinoma extended proximally to the rectum. Immunohistochemical stain(p-63) of the biopsy specimens showed squamous cell carcinoma. This patient has been completely recovered after treartment of chemoradiation and trans-anal excision. We present a case of anal squamous cell carcinoma invading rectal mucosa clinically mistaken for rectal adenocarcinoma and literature reviewed.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Anus Neoplasms ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Rectum ; Salt Gland ; Ulcer

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The detection and removal of colorectal polyps are important for secondary prevention of colorectal cancer. We investigated the characteristics and histopathologic finding of polyps to better plan their management. METHODS: We analyzed 334 patients who underwent polypectomies for 770 colorectal polyps between October, 2005 and April, 2007 at Bong Seng Memorial Hospital. RESULTS: Colorectal polyps were frequent in the sixth decade in both sexes. The ratio of male to female patients was 1.72:1. Abdominal pain/discomfort was the most common symptom (34.4%), and the most common site of polyp localization was the rectosigmoid colon. Histopathologic examination showed tubular adenomas (54.6%), hyperplastic polyps (36.4%), and inflammatory polyps (5.6%). Adenomatous polyps were more common in patients with multiple polyps than in patients with a single polyp. Adenomatous polyps with villous histology were more common in patients with large polyps than in patients with small polyps. Non-neoplastic polyps were common before the fifth decade. Neoplastic polyps were common past the fifth decade. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, tubular adenomas were frequently found on histopathologic examination, sessile type were frequently found on gross examination, and colorectal polyps were found principally in the rectosigmoid colon. Neoplastic polyps were more frequent in patients beyond the fifth decade. There fore colonoscopy examination is recommended for secondary prevention of colon cancer.
Adenoma ; Adenomatous Polyps ; Colon ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Polyps ; Secondary Prevention

Small bowel diseases comprised of neoplasm, inflammatory disease, vascular abnormality, absorption dysfunction, and iatrogenic causes. Among those, vascular abnormality is perhaps the most important clinical disease entity. Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding accounts for 5% of chronic gastrointestinal bleeding, but conventional endoscopy and radiologic study may fail to diagnose the cause in certain cases. Patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 have a lot of gastrointestinal tumor, with a high incidence of small bowel involvement. We experienced a case presenting with chronic bleeding due to jejunal gastrointestinal stromal tumor diagnosed by capsule endoscopy in a seventy-two year old female patient with sporadic neurofibromatosis type 1.
Absorption ; Capsule Endoscopy* ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Neurofibromatosis 1* ; Vascular Diseases