The CT findings of the acute cerebral infarction are well known. However the CT findings of early stroke within 24 hours of the onset have not been sufficiently reported. The purpose of this study is to evaluate early acute cerebral infarction on CT within 24 hours after ictus. The early and accurate CT diagnosis could lead to the appropriate therapy and improved outcome of the patients. Authors retrospectively analyzed 16 patients with early acute cerebral infarction. Acute cerebral infarction was confirmed by follow-up CT in 11 patients, SPECT in 4 patients, and MRI in 1 patient. The CT findings of early acute cerebral infarction include effacement of cortical sulci or cistern (n=16, 100%), hyperattenuation of MCA (n=3), obscuration of lentiform nucleus (n=6), loss of insular ribbon (n=6) and subtle low density in hemisphere (n=5). The most frequent findings was effacement of cortical sulci in our study, and it was though to be the most important sign of early acute cerebral infarction.
Cerebral Infarction* ; Corpus Striatum ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Stroke ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

OBJECTIVE: To report the efficacy of vaginally administered bromocriptine. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Case report. RESULTS: The prolactin level was significantly decreased after the administration of bromocriptine vaginally. CONCLUSIONS: The vaginal administration of bromocriptine can be an alternative to oral administration in patients with hyperprolactinemia who show severe side effects.
Administration, Intravaginal ; Administration, Oral ; Bromocriptine* ; Humans ; Hyperprolactinemia* ; Prolactin

No abstract available.
Breast Feeding* ; Breast* ; Statistics as Topic*

We analyzed the MR findings of spinal epidural mass in 23 patients retrospectively. MR images were performed at 1.5T unit. The lesions were confirmed as metastasis(12 cases), lymphoma (2 cases), leukemia(1 cases), multiple myeloma(2 cases), meningioma(3 cases), neurofibroma(1 case), dysraphism with lipoma(1 case) and lipomatosis(4 cases), Most MRI examinations consisted of T1, proton density and T2 weighted sagittal imaging of the spine, with additional pulse sequences or image planes as needed for clarification. The level of the spinal epidural mass was cervical spine level in 2 cases, thoracic in 15 cases, lumbar in 7 cases, and sacral in 2 cases. The location of epidural mass within the spinal canal was eccentric in 20 cases, multiple in 2 cases, and encircled in 4 cases. Paraspinal mass was seen in 11 cases. Signal intensity of epidural mass was variable. The marrow of spine revealed low signal intensity(SI) on TIWI and high SI on T2WI in 14 cases. In conclusion, MRI is a useful diagnostic tool for the evaluation of spinal epidural mass.
Bone Marrow ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Protons ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Canal ; Spine

Maintenance of normal rate of tear production and elimination is essential for the proper controlled envionment for the cornea and the conjunctiva. We analyzed tear turnover rates in normal subjects, which mainly depend on tear production. We scanned 65 eyes of 36 normal subjects after instillation of 2% fluorescein solution 1u into the lower conjunctival fornix, using fluorophotometer (Fluorotron Master). After instillation of fluorescein solution, we scanned the eyes every 3 minutes for 30 minutes to measure tear film fluorescence. We calculated the tear turnover rate using tear film fluorescence valuse. Mean tear turnover rates were 12.3+/-6.6 %/min in normal subjects, 12.7+/-6.9 %/min in men, and 11.7+/-6.6 %/min in women. Mean tear turnover rates of men did not differ significantly from those of women (p>0.05). Mean tear turnover rates of younger subjects(25 years old~40 years old) (16.2 +/-7.4 %/min) were found to be significantly higher than ghose of older subjects(41 years old~73 years old) (9.1+/-40 %/min) (p<0.05). The morning tear turnover rates (13.5+/-1.6 %/min) were found to be higher than those for the afternoon (10.2+/-4.9 %/min), but the differences were not significant(p>0.05). We think that this study might be useful to study the diagnosis and treatement of tear secretory system disorders.
Conjunctiva ; Cornea ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fluorescein ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; Male ; Tears*

OBJECTIVE: This study was done to evaluate the risk factors and prevalence of symptom-giving pelvic girdle relaxation in pregnant women. METHODS: Three hundreds thirty-two postpartum women were asked to fill out a questionnaire within one week after their parturition. The diagnostic criteria of this lesion were adopted from the Norwegian Medical Association's and Larsen's criteria. The questionnaire were included age, parity, BMI(kg/cm2), weight gain during the pregnancy, history of symptom giving pelvic girdle relaxation in previous pregnancy, level of exercise and vocational status during and before the pregnancy and baby's birth weight. The answers were evaluated to determine the risk factors. The correlation was tested by student t-test and logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of symptom-giving pelvic girdle relaxation during pregnancy was 18.9%. The history of symptom-giving pelvic girdle relaxation in previous pregnancy, multiparity and the absence of regular exercise before and during pregnancy showed correlation with symptom-giving pelvic girdle relaxation in pregnancy (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: It is suggested that women who experienced symptom-giving pelvic girdle relaxation in previous pregnancy should be checked for this lesion before pregnancy. Regular exercise is required to lower the incidence and lessen the severity of this lesion in pregnancy.
Birth Weight ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Logistic Models ; Parity ; Parturition ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women* ; Prevalence* ; Surveys and Questionnaire ; Relaxation* ; Risk Factors* ; Weight Gain

Calcaneus was the most commonly involved bone among the tarsal bone fractures. Although various methods have been practiced in treating calcaneal fractures, controversy exists between conservative and operative ones. Also there have been many complications such as persistent pain and limitation of motion on subtalar joint which compromised final result. The purpose of this study is that open reduction of the subtalar joint, especially posterior facet joint, could reduce the complications. Twenty seven cases of displaced intra-articular fracture of calcaneus were treated with open reduction, internal fixation, and cancellous bone graft from 1984 to 1989 at the Department of Orthopedic surgery, Kang-Nam General Hospital Public Corporation. Seventeen cases were analysed with more than one year follow-up and summarized as follow:1. All of the cases were the type IV and V on the basis of Rowe's classification. 2. The lateral approach was used in all cases. 3. The pre-operative Bohler's angle was from −30°to 15°(average −1.4°). The postoperative Bohler's angle was from 15°to 40°(average 24.5°), which was increased significantly. 4. Based on Rowe's grading, excellent and good results were obtained 13 cases. 5. Among 3 cases of fair result, arthritis of the subtalar joint occurred in 2 cases and peroneal spasm in one. In one case of poor result, postoperative infection occurred. 6. It was thought that open reduction of the posterior facet joint of calcaneus could restore the congruity of subtalar joint near to normal, and contributed to a large extent to the decrease of foot pain commonly developed after calcaneal fracture.
Arthritis ; Calcaneus ; Classification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Hospitals, General ; Intra-Articular Fractures ; Orthopedics ; Spasm ; Subtalar Joint ; Tarsal Bones ; Transplants ; Zygapophyseal Joint

Myasthenia gravis is a disorder characterized by fluctuating muscle weakness. This is frequently associated with thymoma or thymic hyperplasia, and thymectomy is an important step of treatment. We present one case of primary wquamous cell carcinoma of the thymus in myasthenia gravis. Review of literature indicate relative good prognosis.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Muscle Weakness ; Myasthenia Gravis* ; Prognosis ; Thymectomy ; Thymoma ; Thymus Gland ; Thymus Hyperplasia

The anatomical variations and shapes of the hymen with congenital anomalies of the external genitalia were investigated prospectively during the routine physical examination of 1,500 female infants born between March, 1992, and July, 1992, at the Taegu Fatima Hospital. All underwent a very careful inspection of external genitalia within the first 24 hours of life, and their external genitalia were photographed for confirmation. Abundant hymenal tissue that appeared redundant was observed in nearly all neonates. The annular hymen (89.1%) was the most common type. Of the annular hymens, 91.9% had a central orifice and the remainder had a ventral orifice. External ridges, intravaginal ridges, and clefts were the most frequent anatomical variations, representing 71.5%, 50.7%, and 40.5%, respectively. Congenital anomalies of the external genitalia were detected in 20 patients (1.4%). The anomalies were one case of imperforate hymen, one case of Skene's duct cyst, sixteen cases of hymenal cyst, and two cases of hymenal polyp. Imperforate hymen was incised and drained, and Skene's duct cyst was successfully treated with needle aspiration. Of 16 hymenal cysts, seven with a stalk were excised and the others without a stalk were managed with needle aspiration. Hymenal polyp, a larger form of tag with polypoid shape, was excised. All procedures were performed at the nursery without anesthesia. All the patients so treated were compeletely asymptomatic and had normal genitalia at follow-up. In conclusion, routine physical examination of the female newborn infant should include a careful inspection of the external genitalia with the knowledge of shapes and anatomical variations of the hymen. Longitudinal studies are necessary to understand developmental changes and the effects of estrogens.
Anesthesia ; Daegu ; Estrogens ; Female ; Female* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genitalia* ; Humans ; Hymen* ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Longitudinal Studies ; Needles ; Nurseries ; Physical Examination ; Polyps ; Prospective Studies

No abstract available.
Endometrial Neoplasms* ; Female