Background: Reporting rate of notifiable communicable diseases has been assumed to be low in Korea. To encourage timely reporting of notifiable communicable diseases and to improve the reporting process by the Infection Control Unit, a disease code-based electronic surveillance and in-house electronic reporting system was developed and implemented in February 2003. We evaluated the reporting rates of notifiable communicable diseases before and after the implementation of the electronic reporting- system. METHODS: The electronic reporting system, which was integrated to the computerized physician order entry system, was designed to monitor KCD-4 codes at the time of every order entry. Whenever the system recognized the predetermined codes of notifiable communicable diseases, it generated an alert box to recommend reporting: and then a physician could fill up an electronic report form, which was collected and faxed to the local public health authority by the Infection Control Unit. Reporting rate of notifiable communicable diseases in 2002, when the conventional paper-based reporting system was used, was assumed comparing the number of cases reported actually and that of cases identified to be reported by reviewing the medical records and electronic database. RESULTS: From March to July 2003, 181 cases with tuberculosis and 14 with other communicable diseases were reported whereas 106 and 9 cases were reported respectively for the same 5-month period in 2002. Reporting rate using the conventional reporting system in 2002 was assumed to be 61% and 39% respectively. Conclusions: Using a disease code-based electronic reporting system, reporting of notifiable communicable diseases could be improved compared with conventional paper-based reporting system.
Communicable Diseases* ; Disease Notification ; Infection Control ; Korea ; Medical Informatics Applications ; Medical Order Entry Systems ; Medical Records ; Public Health ; Tuberculosis

The clinical and pathological features of a case Malignant mixed mullerian tumor of the ovary in 45 year-old female patient with a brief review of the literature are presented. She had both ovarian tumors. The masses are multilocular cystic tumor with interspersed solid component. The cystic component is filled with serous fluid. Microscopically the tumor is composed of epithelial element & intimately related mesenchymal element. The epithelial element shows the findings of adenocarcinoma of solid, glandular and papillary growth. The mesenchymal element is composed of malignant-looking stroma with cartilage formation.
Female ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma

Fibrous histiocytoma composed of fibroblasts and histiocytes is quite variable in histologic pattern. The biologic behavior is unpredictable by histologic ground. This tumor is well-known in subcutaneous tissue and deep soft tissue, but quite rare in central nervous system. We experienced a case of the fibrous histiocytoma involving the dura mater of spinal cord in a 26 year old female patient. In gross findings, the mass was a well demarcated, ovoid mass attached to the dura matter, and measured 2.5x1.5 cm in diameter. The cut surface was rubbery, solid, gray-white or yellow. Microscopically, the lesion consisted of polyhedral cells with round or oval nuclei and faintly eosinophilic or vaculoated cytoplasm, and multinucleated giant cells. Some giant cells were Touton-type. Composing cells were bland-looking. Mitotic figures were average 3 per 10 high power fields.
Female ; Humans

Three cases of orbital rhabomyosarcoma are reported here. Histological studies comfirmed the lesion 1:0 be the alveolar type in all cases. This tumor is a rare disease entity in Orient than Europe and America and accordingly, rarely encountered in our ophthalmologic practice, although it is the commonest primary malignant orbital tumor in children. Of the three cases reported here one occurred in adu1t and the other two in children. Case I. This 15 month old male showed a swelling of the left upper lid toward the medial side for 2 months and visited to our hospital on March 10, '69 with complaints of progressive swelling on the region with ptosis. The eye ball was slightly displaced toward the lower temporal side and ocular movement is limitted to upward. On palpation, the childthumb sized tumor was palpable in the upper nasal portion of the orbit. On excision of the tumor, the mass was found to be originated from the superior oblique muscle. The mass round measuring 2.5 X 2.5 X 1.5 cm in size. Histological diagnosis was alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma without cross-striation. No follow-up could be done. Case II. This patient of 15 month old male showed a swelling on the right lower lid existed 6 months and visited to our hospital on September 8, '69. The physical examination revealed that the left eye and the other routine examinations were within normal limits. The right eye showed the swelling of the lower lid, congestion of the palpebral conjunctiva, limitted movement of the eye ball toward the lower side and a palpable bean-sized mass on the region. The excision of tumor was performed under the general anesthesia. This mass was attached with the inferior oblique muscle with no other recognizable adhesion seemingly originating from that muscle. The mass was round and oval in shape, measuring 2 X 2 X 1 cm in size, diagnosis was alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. The post-operative follow-up studies were unavailable. Case III. This case in one of adult alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. At the age of 25 years, this man showed a proptosis of the right eye associated with migrain like headache, ocular pain and visual disturbance. This symptoms existed 6 months and gradually increased in intensity. On the physical examination, the left eye was found to be normal. The skull and orbit x-ray and c.b.c. were with in normal limits. The right eye revealed about 5mm proptosis compared with left eye and the adult thumb sized tumor was palpated on the inner side of the lower orbital rim. The visual acuity was in zero. The right optic disc was edematous and elevated about 4.0 D. The pupil showed marked dilatation and the light reflex was abscent and ocular movement was markedly limitted and eye ball is deviated toward the upper side. Under the general anesthesia, the exenteration of the orbit associated with the removal of tumor was carried out with no untoward complications. Origin of the mass was the inferior oblique muscle penetrating to the deeper part of the optic foraman and optic nerve was surrounded by the tumor completely Histology confirmed alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Follow-up study was impossible.
Adult ; Americas ; Anesthesia, General ; Child ; Conjunctiva ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Europe ; Exophthalmos ; Headache ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Optic Nerve ; Orbit* ; Palpation ; Physical Examination ; Pupil ; Rare Diseases ; Reflex ; Rhabdomyosarcoma* ; Rhabdomyosarcoma, Alveolar ; Skull ; Thumb ; Visual Acuity

This study was performed to investigate the effectiveness of nutritional education and exercise intervention on reduction and maintenance of weight. The subjects were 24 obese women whose body mass index (BMI) was over 25 kg/m(2). Nutritional education was performed once a week and swimming was done three times a week throughout this 12 week program. The subjects were recalled 1 month after the program was complete. Nutrient intakes were assessed by 24 hour recall method. Also food habits, dietary behaviors and nutritional knowledge were investigated by self-administered questionnaires before and after the weight control program and one month after completing the program. Height, weight, body composition and blood levels were measured before and after the weight control program and one month after completing the program. During the 12 weeks of the weight control program, body weight significantly decreased from an average of 69.7 kg to 65.8 kg and to 65.1kg after one month (p < 0.05). Body fat and BMI also significantly decreased (p < 0.01). Cholesterol and blood sugar levels decreased after 12 weeks and increased one month after completing the program. After taking nutritional education, the nutritional knowledge scores increased. Calcium intake significantly increased after completing the education and one month after completing the program (p < 0.01). Iron intake significantly decreased from an average of 12.1 g to 11.3 g after completing the program and increased to 15.5 g one month after completing the progrom (p < 0.001). We concluded that our nutritional education and exercise program was effective for reducing and maintaining weight.
Adipose Tissue ; Blood Glucose ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Calcium ; Cholesterol ; Education* ; Female ; Food Habits ; Humans ; Iron ; Swimming

Adenosquamous carcinoma of stomach is a mixed glandular-epidermoid tumor where both components are neoplastic. Its incidence is extremely rare. The five theories on the origin of squamous components are 1) island of ectopic squamous epithelium in the gastric mucosa, 2) squamous metaplasia of gastric epithelium, 3) squamous differentiation in a preexisting adenocarcinoma, 4) endothelial cell differentiated toward squamous elements, and 5) totipotential undifferentiated cells of the gastric mucosa. We experienced three cases of adenosquamous carcinoma. Case 1 was a 71-year-old female patient; an ulcerative lesion was present in the pylorus, measuring 5 cm in diameter. Case 2 was a 57-year-old male patient; an ulcerative lesion is present in the pylorus, measuring 6 cm in diameter. Case 3 was a 58-year-old female patient; an ulcerative lesion was present in the body and fundus, measuring 10 cm in diameter. Microscopic examination revealed a mixed malignant squamous and adenomatous component.
Adenocarcinoma ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous* ; Endothelial Cells ; Epithelium ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Metaplasia ; Middle Aged ; Pylorus ; Stomach* ; Ulcer

This study set out to investigate the effects of 16-week nutrition education and exercise intervention run by a public health center on the physical activities and dietary patterns of obese children at the before, after, and after one month point. After the program, the obese index of the obese children dropped by 5.9% from 38.4% to 32.5%. One month after the end of the program, their obese index increased by 1.4% to 33.9% (p < 0.001). The obese children's hours of walking of physical activities increased to 2.6 hours from 1.2 hours after the program and remained at the 2.6 hours range one month after the end of the program (p < 0.01). The total scores of their food habits increased to 10.4 points from 9.1 points after the program and 10.3 points one month after the end of the program with significant differences (p < 0.01). The total scores of their eating behavior made a significant increase to 6.5 points from 5.3 points after the program and then dropped to 5.9 points one month after the end of the program (p < 0.05). As for changes to their dietary pattern scores according to the obese index, only the food habits scores showed significant main effects of term (p < 0.05). According to these results, there is still a need to develop proper programs to help them increase regular exercise, improve their physical activities by cutting down time with TV, computer, Internet, and video games, and enhance their nutritional knowledge and to provide them with ongoing management and guidance until the improved food habits and eating behavior become part of their habits.
Child ; Feeding Behavior ; Food Habits ; Humans ; Internet ; Motor Activity ; Public Health ; Video Games ; Walking

No abstract available.
Situs Inversus*

PURPOSE: This study was to identify the effect of Cervical Kyongrak Massage on Shoulder pain, shoulder Exercise Range and Mood in the elderly. METHOD: This study used a quasi- experimental pre-test and post-test design. Data were collected from 13 April to 30 June in 2003. There were 58 elderly subjects,(30 experimental group, 28 control group) in Pusan. The experimental group took Kyongrak Massage at Cervical Kyonghyul sites around neck and shoulder for 10 minutes daily during 5days. RESULT: In the experimental group, shoulder pain(t=-9.80, p=.000), shoulder exercise Range (Flexion t=3.10, p=.003; Abduction t=7.95, p=.000; External Rotation t=5.00, p=.000) and Mood(t=-9.80, p=.000) were significantly better than control group after Cervical Kyongrak Massage. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that Cervical Kyongrak Massage may be an effective adjunct therapy for improving shoulder pain, shoulder exercise range and mood, and is considered as a independent and available nursing intervention for elderly.
Aged* ; Busan ; Humans ; Massage* ; Neck ; Nursing ; Shoulder Pain* ; Shoulder*

No abstract available.
Gastroenteritis* ; Humans* ; Rotavirus*