The series comprised 424 cutaneous reactions to drugs treated at the department of Dermatology, Medical college of Korea University, during the years 1969-1975. The whole series comprised 211 male(49. 8%) and 213 female(50. 2%) patients. Exanthernatous eruptions are the most frequent of all cutaneous manifestation of drug reactions. Antipyretic analgesics, antibiotics and antibacterial drugs were the three group inducing most drug reactions in the present study, following by herb drugs. Of the antipyretic anaIgesics, acetylsalicylic acid was the ones most of the involved, and sulfonamides were the most frequent cause of skin reactions induced by antibacterial drugs and penicillin and tetracycline were the frequent cause of skin reactions induced by antibiotics.
Analgesics ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Aspirin ; Dermatology ; Drug Eruptions* ; Humans ; Korea ; Penicillins ; Skin ; Sulfonamides ; Tetracycline

No abstract available.
Ointments*

Various concentrations, including 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were applied on the back of albino rats, followed by ultraviolet irradiation after 30 minutes. Biopsy specimens were taken 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours afters ultraviolet irradiation without local anesthesia. The macroscopic and histologic findings were as follows. 1. Mild degree of erytheme appeared only on the site of the highest concentration (100%) of DMSO. 2. Vacuolization of the prickle cells appeared slightly later on the sites of higher concentrations (75% and 100%) than those of lower concentrations and control. 3. After 48 hours post-irradiation, there was no detectable vacuolization on the sites of higher concentrations, whereas marked vacuolization still remained on the other sites. 4. More pronounced epidermal thickening could be observed on the sites of higher concentrations than the sites of lower concentrations and control. 5. The dermal edema was more completely disappeared on the sites of higher concentrations than the sites of lower concentrations and control, 48 hours after ultraviolet irradiation.
Anesthesia, Local ; Animals ; Biopsy ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide* ; Edema ; Rats

Clinical and bacteriological studies, including seasitivity tests, of 85 patients in pyodermas such as impetigo contagiosa, pustular acne vulgaris, hair follicle and sweat gland infections, and secondary pyogenic infections superimposed on primary dermatoses were carried out during 4 months period, from June 1970 to Sept.1970, at department of dermatology, schooI of medicine, Seoul national university. The results were as follows; 1) Predominant age group of impetigo was the preschool. ages (87%). 2) Causative agents of impetigo in our 30 cases were coagulase positive staphylococcus aureus only in 27, streptococcus only in 0 and both organisms in 3 (one case wasmixed infection with s. aureus and b-hemolytic streptococcus, and two were mixed infections with s. aureus and a-hemolytic streptococcus). 3) Culturing from l2 cases of pustular acne vulgaris, we found coagulase negative staphylococcus albus in 9, coagulase positive stsphylococcus aureus in 1 and no growth in 2. 4) In 35 cases of hair follicle and sweat gland infections, we isolated coagulase positivestaphylococcus aureus only in 32, coagulase negative staphylococcus albus only in 2, and mixed infection with staphylococcus aureus and b-hemolytic streptococcus in l. 5) Isolated organisms in 8 cases of secondary pyogenic infections superimposed on primary dermatoses were coagulase positive staphylococcus aureus only in 2, coagulase negative staphylococcus albus only in 1, b-hemolytic streptococcus only in 1, a- hemolytic streptococcus only in 1, and mixed infections with various combination in 3. 6) Results of sensitivity tests with isolated organisms in the above diseases groups were as follows; (a) Total 66 strains of coagulase positive staphylococcus aureus showed resistance to ampicillin in 97.0%, penicillin in 78.8%, terramycin in 72.7%, rizynomycin in 71.2%, streptomycin in 24.1%, chloramphenicol in 16.7%, neomycin in 12.1%, kanamycin in 4.5% and leukomycin in 1.5%, (b) Total 8 strains of hemolytic streptococci were sensitive to chloramphenicol, leukomycin and penicillin.
Acne Vulgaris ; Ampicillin ; Chloramphenicol ; Coagulase ; Coinfection ; Dermatology ; Hair Follicle ; Humans ; Impetigo ; Kanamycin ; Neomycin ; Oxytetracycline ; Penicillins ; Pyoderma* ; Seoul ; Skin Diseases ; Staphylococcus ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Streptococcus ; Streptomycin ; Sweat Glands

New antidepressants have become available for clinical use in the 1990s. Before this decade, the drugs available to treat depression consisted essentially of monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, and lithium. Following the introduction of SSRIs, the options have expanded and now include SSRIs nefazodone, venlafaxine, mirtazapine, reboxetine, tianeptine. Newer antidepressants possess a variety of pharmacological characteristics that are relevant to the choice of an antidepressant for clinical use. This review summarizes some of the major pharmacological characteristics among the drugs.
Antidepressive Agents ; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic ; Depression ; Lithium ; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors ; Venlafaxine Hydrochloride

The genetically determined CYP2D6 activity may be considered to be associated with antipsychotic induced extrapyramidal side effects with inter-individual variation. Genetic polymorphism of CYP2D6 was determined by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and Mspl restriction fragment length polymorphisms(RFLP) for 194 schizophrenics. Subjects with a 334bp band were classified a1a1, those with 229bp and 105bp bands a2a2, and those with all three bands a1a2. We did not identify schizophrenic subject with poor metabolizer. 194 schizophrenic patients previously treated neuroleptic medication, were assessed by Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale(ESRS). The cases were composed of 33 akathisia, 47 parkinsonism, 21 tardive dyskinesia. These results are similar to the previous understanding that the poor metabolizer is very rare in Orientals compared to Caucasians, therefore, it considered that CYP2D6 genotypes have maybe no association with schizophrenia and extrapyramidal side effects in Koreans.
Antipsychotic Agents* ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6* ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System* ; Cytochromes* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Movement Disorders ; Parkinsonian Disorders ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Psychomotor Agitation ; Schizophrenia

No abstract available.
Humans

No abstract available.

At the time in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer, patients with unsuitable endometrium recovered by hormone. However, the overtreatment of hormone causes indispositionly the uterus internal secretion and finally induces endometriosis. Therefore, this study was done to inverstigate the effects of interleukin-2, which was known to differentiator and proliferator of T cells, on proliferation of the endometrial stromal cells in vitro. We have exammined the effects of interleukin-2, on the proliferation of bovine endometrial stromal cells in vitro, assessed by ['H]-thymidine incorporation and MTT assay methods. Results indicate that we isolated endometrial stromal cells from bovine uterus and established in vitro culture system. And interleukin-2 showed distint stimulatory effect on proliferation of the established stromal cells. These stimulative effects were not affected by estrogen and progesterone indirectly. In conclusion, these data imply that interleukin-2 may proliferate bovine endometrial stromal, cells, and it provides clue for understanding of direct actions of cytokines on the endometriat cells.
Cytokines ; Embryo Transfer ; Endometriosis ; Endometrium ; Estrogens ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukins* ; Progesterone ; Stromal Cells* ; T-Lymphocytes ; Uterus

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study was made of patients undergoing posterolateral fusion of the lumbar spine. OBJECTIVES: To compare the clinical outcomes of the patients who underwent posterolateral fusion of the lumbar spine with commercially available allogeneic bone graft with those patients in a similar consecutive control group who underwent posterolateral fusion of the lumbar spine with autogenic bone graft and to determine whether the commercially available allogeneic bone is useful for postero-lateral fusion of the lumbar spine. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Major differences exist in the ability of an allogeneic bone graft to regenerate a viable cellular network as compared to an autogenic bone graft. This is related to the immunologic response of the host to the foreign bone. The fusion rate of deep freezing allogeneic bone graft was reported as 80-100%. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-nine patients with spondylolisthesis treated with decompression, fixation with pedicle screws and posterolateral fusion were retrospectively reviewed. Nineteen patients (group 1) were treated with commercially available allogeneic bone (Tutoplast) graft mixed with autogenic bone and the remaining 60 patients (group 2) were treated with autogenic bone graft. Operating time, amount of transfusion, duration of hospital stay, symptom improvement, fusion rate, duration of fusion, and complications were studied. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of duration of hospital stay, amount of transfusion, symptom improvement, and complications . However, there were significant differences between the allogeneic and autogenic groups in terms of operating time (212.3 versus 230.9 minutes), fusion rate (36.8% versus 98.3%), and duration of fusion (10.2 versus 6.4 months), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Commercially available allogeneic bone is less useful for posterolateral fusion of the lumbar spine.
Decompression ; Freezing ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine* ; Spondylolisthesis ; Transplants