No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Amniotic Fluid* ; Female ; Iron* ; Meconium* ; Staphylococcus aureus* ; Staphylococcus*

No abstract available.
Amniotic Fluid* ; Female ; Staphylococcus aureus* ; Staphylococcus*

Hirsutoid papillomas of vulvae present as smooth or filiform papules located on the inner surfaces of the labia minora. This disease is usually considered as anatomical variants of the vestibular mucosa. Differentiation from condyloma acuminata is important to avoid unnecessary treatment. Herein we report a case of hirsutoid papillomas of vulvae in a 21-year-old female who complained of pruritic papules on the vulva of one year's duration. Papules were located on the inner surfaces of the left labia minora and vestible of the vulva. Clinically, they were quite similar to condyloma acuminata. Histologically, however, the epithelium was devoid of features of human papillomavirus(HPV) infections such as koilocytosis, double nucleation, and dyskeratosis.
Epithelium ; Female ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Papilloma* ; Vulva* ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: In case of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma, a mediastinal lymph node metastasis is extremely rare, but can be life threatening due to its proximity to the vital organs. The consequence of radical extirpation must be balanced against the issues of tumor control, survival outcomes, functional morbidity, and the sequelae of an excessive surgical resection. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment and outcomes of patients with mediastinal lymph node metastasis in differentiated thyroid carcinoma. METHODS: Nineteen consecutive differentiated thyroid carcinoma patients with a mediastinal lymph node metastasis between June 1998 and Feb. 2004 were included in this study. All the patients underwent a trans-sternal mediastinal lymph node dissection in addition to thyroid cancer surgery. The median follow-up was 40.7 months (range, 18~97). RESULTS: The mean age was 49 years (range 31~72 years) with a male-to-female ratio of 8: 11. The surgical treatment included 11 cases of an upper mediastinal lymph nodes dissection via a partial sternotomy and 7 cases of a whole mediastinal lymph nodes dissection via a total longitudinal sternotomy. In 6 cases, the combined resection of the involved organ was added. Major postoperative complications occurred in two patients, one with leakage from a tracheoesophageal fistula and the other with a pulmonary embolism. During the follow-up period, local recurrences in the lateral cervical nodes were observed in 5 cases. The 5 year overall survival and 5 year disease-free survival were 90.5% and 63.6%, respectively. There was only one surgical mortality. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the prognosis for mediastinal lymph node metastasis in differentiated thyroid carcinoma can be improved by an aggressive mediastinal node dissection and the appropriate thyroid cancer surgery.
Disease-Free Survival ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes* ; Mortality ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Recurrence ; Sternotomy ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms* ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula

PURPOSE: Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) is an uncommon, self-lemiting inflammatory disorder. If clinicians cannot rule out thyroid cancer in SAT patients with a thyroid nodule, surgical management can be considered. This study was performed to review the clinical characteristics of patients who were treated surgically for SAT presenting with thyroid nodule. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical features of 14 cases who underwent an operation for SAT with a thyroid nodule between January 1986 and May 2006 at our institution. RESULTS: There were 3 male and 11 female patients, with a mean age of 47 years. All patients underwent surgical management prior to 1998. Twelve patients had thyroidal pain, 6 had viral prodromal symptoms, and 5 had hyperthyroidisms. Preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rates (ESRs) (n=4) were elevated in 3 patients. Decreased uptake of radioiodine was reported in all 6 patients for whom scans were performed (n=6). Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) was performed in 4. In this study, the operative indications were clinically indeterminate thyroid nodule (n=14); lobectomy in 8, lobectomy with partial thyroidectomy in 2, lobectomy with near total thyroidectomy in 2, and bilateral total thyroidectomy in 2. Hoarseness occurred in one patient. CONCLUSION: SAT is usually managed clinically, but patients presenting with an indeterminate thyroid nodule will require surgical management even though they may have more benign characteristics. Most surgeons have to wait for the results of frozen biopsy because limited resectioning can be performed if the results are benign.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Blood Sedimentation ; Female ; Hoarseness ; Humans ; Male ; Prodromal Symptoms ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgeons ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Thyroid Nodule ; Thyroidectomy ; Thyroiditis, Subacute*

PURPOSE: The present study was undertaken to determine the 24 - hour pattern of intraocular pressure (IOP), and to reveal the effect of unilateral decentralization on circardian rhythm of IOP in eyes of rats. METHODS: Nine male Sprague - Dawley rats were exposed to a 12 - hour light / dark cycle for 3 weeks. 24-hours IOP pattern was measured at six time points (8, 12, 16, 20, 24, and 4 circardian time) by Tonopen XL tonometer in awake state. After unilateral sympathectomy (cervical ganglionectomy), IOP measurements were performed at the same time points on post-operation 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks. RESULTS: 24 - hour IOP pattern of rats showed a rhythmic pattern that appeared to be sinusoidal with 12 - hour light / dark cycle. IOPs were low during the light phase and high during dark phase. After unilateral sympathectomy, the circardian rhythm of IOP was maintained in control eyes. But in sympathecotmized eyes, the circardian thythm of IOP was loss. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that sympathetic nervous systems contribute to the circardian rhythm of IOP in rats.
Animals ; Eye ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Light ; Male ; Politics ; Rats ; Sympathectomy ; Sympathetic Nervous System

PURPOSE: Only limited information exists on the clinicopathological profiles and the treatment outcomes of bone metastases from differentiated thyroid carcinomas. Therefore the impact of treatment strategies has been inadequately investigated. The aims of this study were to evaluate the proper management and the prognostic factors that influence the long-term outcomes of patients treated for bone metastasis from differentiated thyroid carcinoma. METHODS: Twenty-two cases of bone metastases out of 3, 775 differentiated thyroid carcinomas treated at Yonsei University Medical Center between Jan. 1986 and Dec. 2004 were analyzed. The overall incidence of bone metastases from differentiated thyroid carcinomas in our series was 0.6%. There were 11 women and 11 men, with a mean age at the time of primary diagnosis of 51 years (25~71 years). The mean follow-up after diagnosis of bone metastases was 83 months (1~358 months). RESULTS: The histological diagnoses of primary tumor were 21 and 1 papillary and follicular cancers, respectively. Metastases restricted to the skeleton alone were found in 13 patients, whereas 9 patients showed associated extraskeletal distant metastases. Seventeen patients had multiple bone metastases. In 6 patients, the bone metastases were surgically removed with intention of cure. The overall survival rates at 10 years was 44.4%. From univariate log-rank survival rates analyses, capsular invasion (P=0.0014), preoperative vocal cord palsy (P=0.0097), multiple organ involvement (P=0.024) and the impossibility of surgical treatment for skeletal metastaisis (P=0.0471) were related with a poor prognosis. CONCLUSION: From the results, the survival rate was shown no significantly decline in the patients with poor prognostic factors. Therefore the therapeutic options should be individualized according to the initial clinical state and the prognostic factors. Our data also suggest that surgical resection for metastatic bone lesions and postoperative adjuvant therapy should be performed to obtain better survival rates.
Academic Medical Centers ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intention ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Prognosis ; Skeleton ; Survival Rate ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms* ; Vocal Cord Paralysis

Oligmeganephronia is congenital hypoplasia of kidney with renal pathology showing very small number of nephrons with compensatory hypertrophy of the remaining glomeruli. A 7- year-old girl was referred to our nephrology clinic due to hematuria detected on school screening urinalysis and diagnosed as chronic renal failure and oligomeganephronia on renal biopsy. We are reporting the clinical and histomorphometric changes for the four years follow-up with review of literatures.
Biopsy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Kidney ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Mass Screening* ; Nephrology ; Nephrons ; Pathology ; Urinalysis*

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma rarely shows gross angioinvasion with intraluminal tumor thrombus. Although there was no definite result of long-term survival, a vascular invasion or thrombus indicates poor prognosis. Total thyroidectomy with en block resection of involved vessels is known as the best surgical approach, and followed by postoperative radioiodine therapy. However, the effect of adjuvant external irradiation therapy remains in debate. We report a case of differentiated thyroid carcinoma with internal jugular vein tumor thrombus treated successfully by a complete surgical resection and postoperative radioiodine therapy.
Jugular Veins* ; Prognosis ; Thrombosis* ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms* ; Thyroidectomy