No Abstract Available.

We investigated the intraocular pressure(IOP) lowering effect and side effects of 2% dorzolamide(Trusopt) as adjunctive therapy in 18 eyes of 11 glaucoma patients and 10 eyes of 10 normal subjects. For those patients who have taken beta-blocker at least 2 weeks in glaucoma or ocular hypertension, we measured IOP before dorzolamide start and after dorzolamide instillation, every 2 hours from 10 AM to 4 PM for 3 weeks and evaluated the side effects. In normal subjects, we Measured the same method of IOP for 2 weeks and evaluated the side effects. In patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension, mean IOP was lowered 4.4 mmHg after 2% dorzolamide instillation(P<0.01). There was no change in pulse rate, blood pressure and corneal sensitivity before and after instillation. There was no significant IOP lowering effect on normal subjects(p>0.05). The common side effects were bitter taste, burning sensation, redness, tearing and dryness. Above these results, we think 2% dorzolamide is effective as adjunctive therapy in glaucoma and more follow-up and treatment is needed to establish the fact.
Blood Pressure ; Burns ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Ocular Hypertension ; Sensation ; Tears

No abstract available.

Chylous leakage is an extremely rare complication of surgery for breast cancer. We experienced a case of chylous leakage after axillary lymph node dissection. A 38-year-old woman with invasive ductal carcinoma in the left breast underwent a modified radical mastectomy after four cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The postoperative serosanguinous drainage fluid became "milky" on the fourth postoperative day. After trying conservative management, we re-explored the axilla and ligated the lymphatic trunk. Although the success of many cases supports conservative management, timely surgical intervention represents an alternative in cases where leakage persists or where the output is high.
Adult ; Axilla ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Chyle ; Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical

BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinoma(BCC) is the most common primary cutaneous neoplasm in Korea. Since the majority of BCCs occur on the head and neck and the goal of the BCC treatment is the complete removal of tumor, Mohs micrographic surgery is ideally suited for maximizing cure rate with minimizing tissue loss. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the depth of excision as well as the lateral margins of BCC and to correlate these with the clinicopathologic aspects of the tumors. METHODS: Twenty patients with 21 BCCs (10 primary, 11 recurrent) diagnosed in the Department of Dermatology of Dong-A University Hospital from March, 1992 through December, 1993 were studied prospectively. RESULTS: 1. Sixty percent of tumors in primary BCCs in our series had a 2-mm maximal margin and 81.8% of recurrent BCC were eradicated with 4-mm or more lateral margin. 2. All the recurrent basal cell carcinomas (8 cases) measuring greater than 15-mm required more than 4-mm margin for the total removal. 3. More than 90% of BCC on the nose in our series required the removal of periosteum/perichondrium or the excision of whole layer. CONCLUSION: Mohs micrographic surgery is an appropriate tool to use in proposing guidelines for the treatment of skin cancer because the most accurate method of determining the actual extent of skin cancer can be achieved.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Dermatology ; Head ; Humans ; Korea ; Methods ; Mohs Surgery* ; Neck ; Nose ; Prospective Studies ; Skin Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Fistula* ; Stomach* ; Tuberculosis*

OBJECTIVES: To integrate the results of studies which assess an association between blood lead and blood pressure. METHODS: We surveyed the existing literature using a MEDLINE search with blood lead and blood pressure as key words, including reports published from January 1980 to December 2000. The criteria for quality evaluation were as follows: 1) the study subjects must have been workers exposed to lead, and 2) both blood pressure and blood lead must have been measured and presented with sufficient details so as to estimate or calculate the size of the association as a continuous variable. Among the 129 articles retrieved, 13 studies were selected for quantitative meta-analysis. Before the integration of each regression coefficient for the association between blood pressure and blood lead, a homogeneity test was conducted. RESULTS: As the homogeneity of studies was rejected in a fixed effect model, we used the results in a random effect model. Our quantitative meta-analysis yielded weighted regression coefficients of blood lead associated with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure results of 0.0047 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.0061, 0.0155) and 0.0004 (95% CI: -0.0031, 0.0039), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The published evidence suggested that there may be a weak positive association between blood lead and blood pressure, but the association is not significant.
Blood Pressure*

No abstract available.
Adenoids* ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic* ; Lacrimal Apparatus*

PURPOSE: This study was planned to evaluate that a lecture employing medical drama could motivate students to have an interest in the professionalism of healthcare personnel, which has currently become a critical subject in the field of medical education. METHODS: We analyzed subject headings, learning objectives, and further plans developed by students and their responses after two drama modules, 'car crash' and 'refusal of instruction', which were selected based on the conditions made by our faculty members, were given through video or paper to our 121 second-grade medical and nursing students in year 2012. RESULTS: Meaningful subject headings and learning objectives developed by students were 58.2%~60.0% and 36.8%~38.0% and significantly more in the 'refusal of instruction' than the 'car crash' (p=0.000). According to the students' major, medical students developed significantly more than nursing students (p=0.000). In the analysis of responses, 91.7% of students reported as impressive to the educational modules and 55.3% of them described their ideas associated with healthcare professionalism. CONCLUSION: Our study results suggest a possibility that the educational module employing selected medical drama could motivate students' healthcare professionalism.
Delivery of Health Care* ; Drama* ; Humans ; Learning ; Students, Medical ; Students, Nursing ; Subject Headings

To compare the preoperative and postoperative anterior chamber (AC) angle in cataract surgery, we performed phacoemulsification followed by posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOLs) implantation with 20 eyes (Group I) and planned extracapsular cataract extraction (p,ECCE) followed by PCIOLs implantation with 20 eyes (Group I). After that, we measured prospectively the preoperative and postoperative AC angle 1, 3, 7, 30 and 60 days by using a Scheimpflug camera. The preoperative mean values of AC angle were 3 1.25 3. 47 in Group I and 30. 58+/-4. 42` in Group I. The mean deepening of the AC angle was 3.24` in Group ! and 3.30` in Group n , the charnber angle quotient. was 1.10 in Group 1 and 1.15 in Group I at the postoperative one day. There was statistically significant difference (P<0.01). At postoperative third day, AC angle increase was 3.00` and 2.35`, AC angle quotient was 1.09 and 1.97 respectively (P<0.01). There was slight increase at postoperative 7, 30 and 60 day, but no significant difference between Group 1 and Group I was noted in change of AC angle (P>0. 5). Based on these results, the deepening of AC angle after cataract surgery may be considered for cataract. extraction and posterior displacement of PCIOLs due to anterior angulation of PCIOLs haptics.
Anterior Chamber* ; Cataract Extraction* ; Cataract* ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Phacoemulsification* ; Prospective Studies