Solitary nodule is a term, which express a circle or oval shape with maximum diameter < 3cm, in centre or peripheral area of the lung. Solitary nodule was diagnosed by lung tomography, thoracic CT scan and percutaneous biopsy puncture. The treatment: If patients can not be treated by operation: need to monitor and take percutaneous biopsy puncture. If patients can be treated by operation, their disease is reliable benign, need to monitor and take thoracoscopy, take operation with contraindication of endoscopy. If their disease is acute with mediastinal tumors: mediastinal endoscopy but lack of instrument, thoracoscopy should be recommended. Thoracoscopy or open-thoracic surgery denpend on individuals and pathoanatomy’s results
Coin Lesion, Pulmonary ; diagnosis ; Therapeutics ; therapy

The ulcer lesion in diabetic foot is a major complication and usually leads to disability. Current treatments composed mostly of medication or amputation if required. After the conference of Vietnamese -American on diabetic foot care in June 2000, we have established a new plan of management, included early operation, proper debridement and appropriate blood sugar control. Method and material: retrospective and cross sectional study on 16 type II diabetics (5 males and 11 females) with foot infection. All these patients were operated to remove dead bones and necrotic tissues, sutured the wound in one layer and immobilized the pain leg within 21 days. They were also treated with insulin and investigated the arterial system by Doppler ultrasound. Results: average age of patients: 562 years. Average glycemia: 19020mg%. Left foot: 9. Right foot: 6. Both feet: 3. The duration from onset to ulcer: 60.2 years. Doppler ultrasonography showed the decrease flow pattern of lower limbs in 14 cases, atherosclerosis: 2. After surgery, 11 patients were healed completely within 21 days, 3 others within 30 days and 2 patients had to be amputated
Diabetic Foot ; surgery

Injection-related necrosis is a common pattern in the arterial injuries. But the acute embolization that led to extremity necrosis is very rare. Here we described a case of 43-year male patient with arm necrosis due to intra-arterial drug injection. The patient has addicted drug for 24 years and has injected opium for 18 years with dose of 2 ml self-prepared opium solution, 3-4 times daily. On April 2000, after second injection of a day, the patient felt burn and pain in his left hand. Then watery purples and necrotic papules appeared on the skin of left arm. He was treated by antibiotics, analgesics, and vasodilators, but the condition was not improved. The patients had to be amputated his left arm after 3 days of admission.
Substance Withdrawal Syndrome ; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium ; diagnosis

During 5 months from 1/2000 to 5/2000, at Nhan Dan Gia Dinh Hospital, we have operated 5 patients with post-traumatic rupture of diaphragm. Among them, three planned operations and two urgent operations. All cases were diagnosed by clinical findings associated with chest X ray and GI tract examinations. Only one case we had by thoracotomy, the rest had been performed by laparotomy. The realized target of this study is determining the typical semiology of diaphragmatic rupture and proposing the laparotomy access for delayed diaphragmatic rupture.
Rupture ; Diaphragm

Objectives: studying the seroprevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and neoplasm of non-liver organs. Subjects and method: 124 patients with HCC and 284 patients with neoplasm of non-liver organs (i.e. stomach, colorectus and lung) were treated at Bach Mai Hospital and Viet Duc Hospital. This cross-sectional study was conductedfrom January 2002 to April 2003. Results: Out of 124 patients with HCC, HBsAg positive found in 95/124 (76.6%), anti- HCV positive found in 2/61 (3.28%), both HBsAg and anti-HCV posititive found in 1/61 (1.64%), and prevalence of anti-HCV is much lower than that of HBsAg, p<0.0001. Out of 284 patient with non-liver cancer, HBsAg posititive found in 33/284 (11.62%), and none among 179 patients has anti-HCV posititive. The prevalence of HBsAg posititive in HCC group is much higher than in non-liver cancer group (p<0.0001, OR=24.92).
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Neoplasms

In laboratory some complexes of platin II, copper II, nikel II with diacetyl monoxin thiosemicarbazon were synthetized. The structure of these complexes and components were determind with UV, UR spectroscopy. The antimiorobial activities were examined on Gram (-) and Gram (+) bacteria, fungi and yeast. Results showed strong antibacterial activities of these synthetized complexes.
Thiosemicarbazones ; Biology ; Bacteria

Background: Sodium bicarbonate is highly alkaline and may be helpful in relieving symptoms of gout. Sodium bicarbonate helps to adjust your body's pH level, slightly creating an alkaline-forming state that lessens the likelihood of gout attacks. We can prepare sodium bicarbonate in several ways to treat gout symptoms. Objective: To examine the efficacy of sodium bicarbonate for treatment of gout. Subjects and method: A study was conducted in 54 patients with gout at Department of Rheumatology of Bach Mai hospital, from September 2006 to March 2007. Patients were divided into two groups, group 1 included 29 patients treated with intravenous sodium bicarbonate and group 2 included 25 patients treated with oral sodium bicarbonate. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. Results: No significant changes showed between serum uric acid level, 24-hour urine uric acid level at before and after treatment in 2 groups. Gout patients with renal failure had increased level of 24-hour urine uric acid after treatment (p < 0.05). There were significantly increased level of urine volume, urine pH and decreased level of urine specific gravity after treatment. The effect of sodium bicarbonate was not different between intravenous usage and oral usage. Conclusion: Sodium bicarbonate could change urine environment, limit crystallization of urine uric acid of gout patients.
Gout/ therapy

Phytochemical investigation of Kandelia candel resulted in the isolation of six triterpenes (1 - 5) and two glyceryl glycosides (6 and 7) and their structures were determined by comparing the spectroscopic data with those of reported values. In present study, we described the inhibitory effects of fractions and isolated compounds from K. candel on pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-12 p40, IL-6, and TNF-alpha) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). Results indicated that compounds 3, 6, and 7 showed potent inhibition on IL-6 production (IC50 values at less than 0.5 microM, respectively). Meanwhile, compounds 6 and 7 exhibited strong inhibitory effects on the production of TNF-alpha (IC50 values of 1.7 +/- 0.1 and 5.5 +/- 0.2 microM). Compounds 1 and 3 were also showed the inhibitory effects on IL-12 p40 production (IC50 values of 8.9 +/- 0.4 and 3.3 +/- 0.1 microM, respectively).
Cytokines ; Dendritic Cells ; Glycosides* ; Interleukin-12 ; Interleukin-6 ; Rhizophoraceae* ; Triterpenes* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Objective To screen Vietnamese medicinal plants for xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity and to isolate XO inhibitor(s) from the most active plant. Methods The plants materials were extracted by methanol. The active plant materials were fractionated using different organic solvents, including n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. Bioassay-guided fractionation and column chromatography were used to isolate compounds. The compounds structures were elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data, including IR, MS, and NMR. Results Three hundreds and eleven methanol extracts (CME) belonging to 301 Vietnamese herbs were screened for XO inhibitory activity. Among these plants, 57 extracts displayed XO inhibitory activity at 100 μg/mL with inhibition rates of over 50%. The extracts of Archidendron clypearia (A. clypearia), Smilax poilanei, Linociera ramiflora and Passiflora foetida exhibited the greatest potency with IC

Objective: To investigate the cause of a botulism outbreak in several provinces in Viet Nam in 2020. Methods: An initial investigation was conducted to confirm the outbreak and to form hypotheses about the potential causes, followed by a case–control assessment of the plausible causative food item. Collected food samples were tested to identify the pathogen, and mouse bioassays were performed. Control measures were introduced to stop the outbreak and to prevent similar events in the future. Results: Twelve people in six southern provinces of Viet Nam were identified as having symptoms of botulism, of whom 11 were in critical condition requiring breathing support. A history of foods eaten in the 4 days before illness onset indicated that all the cases had eaten a tinned vegetarian pate, and a case–control assessment showed that this was significantly associated with the outbreak, with an odds ratio of 35.2 (95% confidence interval: 3.4–infinity). Clostridium botulinum type B was detected in three of eight pâté samples collected from the houses of cases. In the mouse bioassay for the toxicity of the pâté samples, all the mice died with clinical symptoms of botulism. Discussion: A tinned vegetarian pate was the plausible cause of a botulism outbreak in Viet Nam in 2020. Revision of food safety regulations to improve quality control of tinned foods to prevent future outbreaks is recommended.