PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the health behaviors by a risk level of metabolic syndrome (MS) among petty merchants in traditional markets. METHODS: The data were collected through questionnaires and physical examination on abdominal circumstance, triglyceride, HDL, blood pressure, and FBS of 177 subjects in S city, Korea. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, chi2-test (or fisher's exact test) and ANOVA using SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. RESULTS: The prevalence of MS was 15.8%, and risk group was 72.9%. The abdominal circumstance and triglyceride levels were higher in MS group than those of the risk group and normal group. The HDL and systolic blood pressure levels were also higher in MS group than those of the normal group. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of MS and risk groups was high among petty merchants in traditional markets. However, these merchants did not practice health behaviors nor take institutional health management benefit. Therefore, governmental level community based health management services are requested for them.
Blood Pressure ; Health Behavior ; Korea ; Physical Examination ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVES: To explore changes in self-reported oral health in middle-aged Koreans over a period of 9 years. METHODS: This study design was a cross-sectional analysis. This study analyzed the data of 18,845 middle-aged (45-64 years) subjects who participated in 4-6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES). A complex-sample chi-square test was used to analyze self-reported poor oral health according to sex, household income, and education. A complex-sample logistic regression analysis was used to identify the changes in the factors. SPSS 23.0 and the R ver. 3.5.1 statistical package were used for the analyses. RESULTS: Poor oral health have been decreased by 5.3% over the 9-year period. Middle-aged men were more likely to report their oral health as worse than women. The lower income and education groups reported their oral health as poor compared to the higher income and education groups. The factors affecting self-reported poor oral health over the 9-year period were sex, income, and education. CONCLUSIONS: More than half of the aged population reported their oral health as poor. Oral health policies should be established for the aged population, including the middle-aged population, for long-term plans.
Cross-Sectional Studies ; Education ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Oral Health

PURPOSE: The study was done to investigate the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationships between informal learning and organizational socialization and between shared leadership and organizational socialization among short career nurses. METHODS: A structured self-report questionnaire was used to measure organizational socialization, informal learning, shared leadership and self-efficacy. During February, 2017, data were collected from 136 nurses working in hospitals of more than 500 beds. Data were analyzed using hierarchial multiple linear regression with the SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. RESULTS: Informal learning, shared leadership and self-efficacy were positively correlated with organizational socialization of participants and self-efficacy was positively correlated with informal learning and shared leadership of participants. Also, self-efficacy had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between informal learning, shared leadership and organizational socialization. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that organizational culture with high level of informal learning and shared leadership is an important factor for organizational socialization of short career nurses. It is also expected that self-efficacy can further promote their organizational socialization.

PURPOSE: This study is aimed at identifying the effects of telephone counseling as nursing support on distress, anxiety, depression, and adverse events in cancer patients undergoing their first chemotherapy. METHODS: This was a randomized controlled trial (pretest-posttest design). A total of 70 patients who showed 4 or higher distress scores were selected from the screening process. Four patients dropped out; therefore, 66 patients participated in this research. Thirty-two and 34 patients were randomly assigned to the experimental and the control group, respectively. After a preliminary survey, telephone counseling support was given to the experimental group at three time points. The post survey was done before the second cycle of chemotherapy. RESULTS: Regarding distress, both groups showed a statistically significant decrease in the scores: 3.4 for the experimental group and 1.8 for the control group (p=.002). Furthermore, the experimental group demonstrated a statistically significant decrease relative to the control group. Anxiety and depression showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: This study concludes that nursing support through phone counseling is effective in decreasing distress in patients undergoing chemotherapy for the first time.
Anxiety* ; Counseling* ; Depression* ; Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Nursing ; Telephone*

Primary fish-odor syndrome (FOS) is a genetic disorder caused by defective flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 gene (FMO3) with deficient N-oxidation of trimethylamine (TMA), causing trimethylaminuria (TMAU). By contrast, secondary FOS can be acquired by decreased FMO activities in patients with chronic liver diseases, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. In the present study, we examined plasma NOx concentrations and viral DNA contents as well as in vivo FMO activities and their correlations in chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) patients. Plasma concentration of NOx was significantly increased by 2.1 fold (56.2+/-26.5 vs. 26.6+/-5.4micrometer, p< 0.01), and it was positively correlated with plasma hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA contents (r2=0.2838, p=0.0107). Furthermore, the elevated plasma NOx values were inversely and significantly correlated with in vivo FMO activities detected by ranitidine-challenged test (8.3% vs. 20.0%, r2=0.2109, p=0.0315). TMA N-oxidation activities determined in CVH patients without challenge test were also significantly low (73.6% vs. 95.7%, p< 0.05). In conclusion, these results suggested that secondary FOS could be acquired by the endogenously elevated NO in patients with CVH.
DNA ; DNA, Viral ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; Nitric Oxide ; Plasma ; Ranitidine

PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of workplace bullying and positive psychological capital on field adaptation in newly graduated nurses. METHODS: The participants in this study were 132 nurses from three tertiary hospitals who had less than 12 months of nursing experience. From March 28 to May 15, 2016, data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS/WIN 22.0. RESULTS: The mean score for field adaptation of participants was 2.98±0.39, for workplace bullying, 1.61±0.66, and for positive psychological capital, 3.67±0.54. Sub domains of workplace bullying showed a negative correlation with field adaptation (r=-.21~-.39), and Sub domains of positive psychological capital showed a positive correlation with field adaptation (r=.35~.47). Significant factors that influenced field adaptation were optimism of positive psychological capital and work related bullying of workplace bullying. These factors explained 33.0% of the variance in field adaptation. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that positive psychological capital at the individual level and workplace bullying at the organizational level should be the focus in the efforts to promote effective field adaptation in newly graduated nurses.
Bullying ; Nursing ; Optimism ; Psychology ; Tertiary Care Centers

Simple or unicameral bone cysts are metaphyseal lesions of long bones. They usually move away from the physiswith growth to become diaphyseal in location. Involvement of the physis and epiphysis by these cystic lesions isvery rare. This paper reports a case of simple bone cyst of the proximal humerus in a 11- year -old girl which wasshown by MR imaging to extend through the physis into the epiphysis.
Bone Cysts* ; Epiphyses* ; Female ; Humans ; Humerus* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

The bite collapses due to posterior teeth loss or wear results in inadequate space for restoration and esthetic concerns. Increasing the occlusal vertical dimension to improve space deficiency rotates the mandible posteriorly, creating a gap between the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth, leading to loss of anterior guidance. To solve this problem, the prosthodontics or orthodontics treatments are the commonly used methods for proper anterior guidance. However, it is reasonable to assume that the anterior teeth can naturally relapse to their original position when the occlusal force is eliminated. Therefore, this case report aimed to test whether natural relapse could recover the lost anterior guidance to develop a less invasive and more convenient treatment method.Digital superimposition was used to evaluate the changes in anterior teeth alignment to confirm the change of the recovered anterior guidance. The appropriate indications for this new treatment method were defined and applied clinically.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the human pulpal response to Dentin Bonding Desensitizer. Class v cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of the first premolars and Dentin Bonding Desensitizer(ALL-BOND Desensitizer, Bisco, Inc. U.S.A.) was applicated in ten experimental teeth, or ZOE(PROPAC, GC Co. TOKYO, JAPAN) cement in eight control teeth and cavities were filled with light curing glass ionomer(Fuji II LC, GC Co., TOKYO, JAPAN). At 3-day and 25-day postoperative interval, pulpal response was observed and evaluated histologically with light microscope. The results were as follows. : 1. At 3-day postoperative interval, the control teeth were grade 1 inflammatory cell response and grade 1 connective tissue response. 2. At 25-day postoperative interval, all control teeth were grade 1 inflammatory cell response and in three control teeth grade 1 connective tissue response were observed, and one teeth showed grade 2 connective tissue response. 3. At 3-day postoperative interval, the experimental teeth were grade 1 inflammatory cell response and grade 1 connective tissue response. Below the cavity a few inflammatory cell(PMNs) in odontoblastic layer, increased blood vessels and pulpal cells were seen and this pulpal response was similar to control teeth. 4. At 25-day postoperative interval, in four experimental teeth grade 1 inflammatory cell response and grade 1 connective tissue response were observed, and one experimental teeth showed mild inflammatory response. 5. At 3-day and 25-day postoperative interval, no reparative dentin deposition was seen. 6. Both experimental and control group, pulpal response showed difference between 3 and 25-day of postoperative interval. In control teeth, increased predentin and pulpal cells were seen and in experimental teeth, congestion of blood vessels and increased pulpal cells were seen. In conclusion, the pulpal irritation due to this Dentin Bonding Desensitizer was not severe, and it was considered that agent was not harmful to the human pulp.
Bicuspid ; Blood Vessels ; Connective Tissue ; Dentin* ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Glass ; Humans* ; Odontoblasts ; Tooth

Doxazosin is an adrenergic alpha-1 receptor antagonist used to treat lower urinary tract symptoms that are common in prostatic hyperplasia. To our knowledge, few cases of gynecomastia and mastodynia, as a complication of adrenergic alpha-1 receptor antagonist, have been reported to date; no cases have been reported in Korea. We describe a case involving a 78-year-old man treated for prostatic hyperplasia with 13 months of doxazosin. He complained about unilateral gynecomstia and mastodynia. Five months after the discontinuation of doxazosin, the gynecomastia was significantly improved. This is the first reported case of gynecomastia and mastodynia associated with doxazosin use in Korea.
Aged ; Doxazosin* ; Gynecomastia* ; Humans ; Korea ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; Male ; Mastodynia ; Prostatic Hyperplasia