This article is being retracted as a part of the manuscript was a 'duplicate publication'.

Three case of plexiform schwannoma displayed multinodular masses and microscopically a multicentric pattern of growth featuring Antoni A cellular component, Verocay bodies and presence of Antoni B areas. Clinically von Recklinghausen's disease was not observed in all cases. The first patient was a 17 year old male who had a protruding nodule of walnut size which was located at the dermis of the left flank for 13 years. The second case, a 25 year old male, had an irregular whitish brown multinodular mass in the choana for 5 years. The last case, a 56 year old woman, had an ovoid yellowish brown mass with multiple nodules in the retroperitoneum.
Female ; Male ; Humans

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify correlations in hospital nurses' work environment, emotional labor and happiness index to provide basic resources for nurses' happiness at work. METHODS: Resources were gathered from 291 nurses who agreed to participate. Random sampling of nurses in nine hospitals in G-do was done between July 15 and August 14, 2014. Data were analyzed using chi2 tests, independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple hierarchical regression with SPSS/WIN 18.0. RESULTS: Mean scores (scale of 5) were nurses' work environment, 2.81, emotional labor, 3.24, and happiness index, 2.94. There were significant differences on the happiness index for: age, marriage, children, clinical experience, position, payment, and future work plans and a negative correlation between work environment and emotional labor, emotional labor and happiness index but a positive correlation between happiness index and work environment. Happiness index was influenced by work environment, emotional labor, future work plans. Explanatory power of these variables was 26%. CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of this study, so it is necessary to improve the work environment and reduce the frequency of emotional labor in order to increase the happiness index of hospital nurses.
Child ; Happiness* ; Humans ; Marriage ; Personal Satisfaction

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to provide basic data on the nursing Happiness Index and identify factors influencing nurses by describing their perception of lifestyle, health behavior, nursing professionalism, Happiness Index, and turnover intention. METHODS: On July 2012, 700 nurses from 10 general hospitals were surveyed, but 23 were omitted due to missing or incomplete data. The focus of this study was the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Happiness Index, consisting of 11 OECD identified topics concerning living conditions and quality of life. Data were analyzed using chi2-tests, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression with SPSS/WINdow 14.0. RESULTS: Mean score for nurses' Happiness Index was 3.03 on a scale of 5. There were significant differences on the Happiness Index for the following: age, marriage, children, education, position, work experience, wages, number of beds, medical institution, health behavior, weight, and meal patterns. There was a positive correlation between the happiness index and nursing professionalism but a negative correlation between the happiness index and turnover intention. CONCLUSION: Results indicate that factors influencing happiness are autonomy, sense of calling and turnover intention suggesting the need to improve nursing professionalism for a life of happiness among hospital nurses.
Child ; Happiness ; Health Behavior ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Intention ; Life Style ; Marriage ; Meals ; Quality of Life ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits ; Social Conditions

Either increased cellular proliferation or decreased death might result in an expansion of their numbers in the oncogenic process. Cellular apoptosis represents an autonomous suicide pathway that helps to restrict the cell number. However bcl-2 and mutant p53 inhibit programmed cell death. To determine whether the bcl-2 gene is activated during colorectal tumorigenesis and whether it has any relationship with p53 and apoptosis, we studied the expression of bcl-2 and p53 in the normal colonic mucosa, in the adenomatous polyps and in the adenocarcinomas using the immunohistochemical method. Also we evaluated the status of apoptosis using the in situ end labeling method. The bcl-2 immunoreactivity was restricted to the basal epithelial cells of all normal colonic mucosa and they were expressed in all adenomas and 86% of adenocarcinomas, especially in the superficial lesion of some tumors. Mutations of p53 were not found in the normal colonic mucosa, but they were present in dysplastic cells of adenomas (52%) and in cancer cells of the adenocarcinomas (47%). Apoptosis was confined to the tips of the normal colonic mucosa. It was more easily detected in the p53-positive adenomas than in the p53-negative adenomas (p=0.010). In the adenocarcinomas, the findings of apoptotic process are not related with p53 mutation (p=0.3) and bcl-2 expression (p=0.187). p53 and bcl-2 are probably one step of several apoptotic processes in the adenocarcinomas.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Adenoma* ; Adenomatous Polyps ; Apoptosis* ; Carcinogenesis ; Cell Count ; Cell Death ; Cell Proliferation ; Colon ; Epithelial Cells ; Genes, bcl-2 ; Mucous Membrane ; Suicide

Purpose: To examine the effects of a remote videoconferencing-based expressive writing program on the posttraumatic stress, resilience, and posttraumatic growth among traumatized nurses. Methods: A randomized controlled group study with a pretest-posttest design was adopted. Data were collected between August 18 and November 6, 2020 from 48 nurses who experienced trauma working at a hospital in Jeonbuk Province (24 participants each in the experimental and the control groups). The experimental group participated in six sessions of the expressive writing program following the principles of Pennebaker’s expressive writing. Sessions (duration 90 minutes) were conducted twice a week for three weeks. Results: Compared with the control group, the experimental group exhibited a statistically significant difference in posttraumatic stress (F=135.41, p<.001), resilience (F=94.88, p<.001), and post-traumatic growth scores (F=109.28, p<.001) immediately following intervention, and these scores were maintained at the 3-week follow-up. Conclusion The findings suggest that the expressive writing program can be effectively used for the prevention and management of posttraumatic stress in nurses at a risk of trauma.

Purpose: To examine the effects of a remote videoconferencing-based expressive writing program on the posttraumatic stress, resilience, and posttraumatic growth among traumatized nurses. Methods: A randomized controlled group study with a pretest-posttest design was adopted. Data were collected between August 18 and November 6, 2020 from 48 nurses who experienced trauma working at a hospital in Jeonbuk Province (24 participants each in the experimental and the control groups). The experimental group participated in six sessions of the expressive writing program following the principles of Pennebaker’s expressive writing. Sessions (duration 90 minutes) were conducted twice a week for three weeks. Results: Compared with the control group, the experimental group exhibited a statistically significant difference in posttraumatic stress (F=135.41, p<.001), resilience (F=94.88, p<.001), and post-traumatic growth scores (F=109.28, p<.001) immediately following intervention, and these scores were maintained at the 3-week follow-up. Conclusion The findings suggest that the expressive writing program can be effectively used for the prevention and management of posttraumatic stress in nurses at a risk of trauma.

Purpose: To examine the effects of a remote videoconferencing-based expressive writing program on the posttraumatic stress, resilience, and posttraumatic growth among traumatized nurses. Methods: A randomized controlled group study with a pretest-posttest design was adopted. Data were collected between August 18 and November 6, 2020 from 48 nurses who experienced trauma working at a hospital in Jeonbuk Province (24 participants each in the experimental and the control groups). The experimental group participated in six sessions of the expressive writing program following the principles of Pennebaker’s expressive writing. Sessions (duration 90 minutes) were conducted twice a week for three weeks. Results: Compared with the control group, the experimental group exhibited a statistically significant difference in posttraumatic stress (F=135.41, p<.001), resilience (F=94.88, p<.001), and post-traumatic growth scores (F=109.28, p<.001) immediately following intervention, and these scores were maintained at the 3-week follow-up. Conclusion The findings suggest that the expressive writing program can be effectively used for the prevention and management of posttraumatic stress in nurses at a risk of trauma.

Purpose: To examine the effects of a remote videoconferencing-based expressive writing program on the posttraumatic stress, resilience, and posttraumatic growth among traumatized nurses. Methods: A randomized controlled group study with a pretest-posttest design was adopted. Data were collected between August 18 and November 6, 2020 from 48 nurses who experienced trauma working at a hospital in Jeonbuk Province (24 participants each in the experimental and the control groups). The experimental group participated in six sessions of the expressive writing program following the principles of Pennebaker’s expressive writing. Sessions (duration 90 minutes) were conducted twice a week for three weeks. Results: Compared with the control group, the experimental group exhibited a statistically significant difference in posttraumatic stress (F=135.41, p<.001), resilience (F=94.88, p<.001), and post-traumatic growth scores (F=109.28, p<.001) immediately following intervention, and these scores were maintained at the 3-week follow-up. Conclusion The findings suggest that the expressive writing program can be effectively used for the prevention and management of posttraumatic stress in nurses at a risk of trauma.

BACKGROUND: For an optimum treatment of infections, appropriate antimicrobials should be selected according to the results of antibiotic susceptibility test (AST). However, the present AST does not take into account of antimicrobial concentrations in tissues, although different tissues have different distribution of antimicrobials. Thereby we intended to evaluate the usefulness of interpreting antimicrobial susceptibility depending on tissue concentrations of antimicrobials. METHODS: Gram-negative bacilli isolated from clinical specimens at Yeungnam University Hospital during the period from January to July, 2006 were evaluated retrospectively. The data on blood concentration, half life and tissue distribution of antimicrobials with variable administration route and dosage were collected and arranged in the forms of previous reports. The diameters of the zone of inhibition from the disc diffusion method were converted to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the organism was regarded as resistant if the converted concentration was higher than the expected concentration in the tissue. RESULTS: Among the data reported as susceptible, antimicrobial concentrations in peritoneal fluid and bile showed a relatively good relationship with AST. But, aminoglycosides and carbenicllin concentrations in wounds and respiratory tissues were shown to be inadequate, thus resulting in a low bacteriologic cure. In cerebrospinal fluid, ciprofloxacin was less effective regardless of dosage. CONCLUSION: Antimicrobial concentration is variable in different tissues and more information on antimicrobial tissue distribution is needed for the appropriate treatment of infections. Reporting of MIC rather than AST with breakpoints should be considered for selection of antimicrobials. Therefore, an interpretation of AST in consideration of the tissue concentration would be more helpful for prevention of major errors and control of infections.
Aminoglycosides ; Ascitic Fluid ; Bile ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Ciprofloxacin ; Diffusion ; Half-Life ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Retrospective Studies ; Tissue Distribution ; Wounds and Injuries