The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Waters' views, panoramic and periapical radiograms as well as clinic al symptoms in the diagnosis of maxillary sinusitis. The author analyzed the types of mucosal thickenings, the types of bony wall changes, the pathologic changes of antra l floors and total amount of agreement on radiograms in 495 patients with 505 maxillary sinuses which demonstrated radio graphic changes. The results were obtained as follows : 1. 125 cases (24.8%) showed the mucosal thickening of antral floor and lateral wall(Type II), 106 cases (20.9%) showed the mucosal thickening around the whole antral wall(Type IV) and 75 cases (14.8%) showed increased radiopacity of whole antrum. 2. Among 505 cases of mucosal thickening, 319 cases(63.2%) showed the bony wall changes: 114 cases (35.9%) showed the thining of lateral walls, 105 cases(32.8%) showed the thickening of lateral walls and 47 cases(14.7%) showed indistinct antral walls. 3. Among 6 types of mucosal thickenings, the incidence of bony wall changes was high in type VI(73.3%) and in type IV(7 1.6%). 4. 139 cases(25.1%) showed no pathologic change of antral floor, 127 cases(22.9%) showed the indistinct antral floor an d 022 cases (22.1%) showed the halo appearance of antral floor on panoramic and periapical radiograms. 5. 449 cases(88.9%) showed apparent increased radiopacity and 47 cases(9.3%) showed suspicious increased radiopacity on Waters' views. 280 cases(71.6%) showed apparent increased radiopacity and 88 cased (22.5%) showed suspicious increased radiopacity on panoramic radiograms. And 141 cases(31.6%) showed apparent increased radiopacity and 133 cases(33.4%) showed suspicious increased radiopacity on periapical radiograms.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Maxillary Sinus* ; Maxillary Sinusitis*

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Waters' views, panoramic and periapical radiograms as well as clinic al symptoms in the diagnosis of maxillary sinusitis. The author analyzed the types of mucosal thickenings, the types of bony wall changes, the pathologic changes of antra l floors and total amount of agreement on radiograms in 495 patients with 505 maxillary sinuses which demonstrated radio graphic changes. The results were obtained as follows : 1. 125 cases (24.8%) showed the mucosal thickening of antral floor and lateral wall(Type II), 106 cases (20.9%) showed the mucosal thickening around the whole antral wall(Type IV) and 75 cases (14.8%) showed increased radiopacity of whole antrum. 2. Among 505 cases of mucosal thickening, 319 cases(63.2%) showed the bony wall changes: 114 cases (35.9%) showed the thining of lateral walls, 105 cases(32.8%) showed the thickening of lateral walls and 47 cases(14.7%) showed indistinct antral walls. 3. Among 6 types of mucosal thickenings, the incidence of bony wall changes was high in type VI(73.3%) and in type IV(7 1.6%). 4. 139 cases(25.1%) showed no pathologic change of antral floor, 127 cases(22.9%) showed the indistinct antral floor an d 022 cases (22.1%) showed the halo appearance of antral floor on panoramic and periapical radiograms. 5. 449 cases(88.9%) showed apparent increased radiopacity and 47 cases(9.3%) showed suspicious increased radiopacity on Waters' views. 280 cases(71.6%) showed apparent increased radiopacity and 88 cased (22.5%) showed suspicious increased radiopacity on panoramic radiograms. And 141 cases(31.6%) showed apparent increased radiopacity and 133 cases(33.4%) showed suspicious increased radiopacity on periapical radiograms.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Maxillary Sinus* ; Maxillary Sinusitis*

Purpose: According to recent studies, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessment of complex fistulas provides a significant benefit compared to fistulography, computed tomography, and ultrasonography. The aim of this study was to describe the accuracy of MRI and the importance of identifying puborectalis muscle involvement on MRI in patients with complex fistula. Methods: All patients who were clinically diagnosed with ‘complex’ or showed multiple fistula tracts underwent fistula MRI. Eligible patients were consecutive patients who underwent fistula MRI between September 2018 and September 2019 at our hospital. Results: A total of 83 patients (74 males, 9 females; 116 tracts) were included in this study. The sensitivity and specificity of MRI in diagnosing fistula tracts were 94.8% and 98.2%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity in identifying internal opening were 93.9% and 97.3%, respectively. Of the 35 patients with puborectalis muscle involvement in the MRI, 31 images of suprasphincteric-type patients on the Park’s classification were classified. The patients of puborectalis involvement were divided into 2 groups according to the surgical procedure that was performed. There were 12 sphincter-saving procedures and 19 sphincter division procedures performed. Recurrence was seen in 2 patients in the sphincter-saving procedure group, while no case was seen in the sphincter division procedure group. Five complications were found in the sphincter division procedure group, of which 2 reported incontinence. Conclusion Fistula MRI is a highly accurate examination for evaluating complex fistulas, and the puborectalis muscle involvement findings are very important for diagnosis and treatment.

Expander procedure is a newly developed extraocular muscle weakening technique which has several advantages such as good control of resection margin, easy reoperation, rare postoperative muscular paresis. For the study of usability of Gore-Tex(R) as a muscle expander, fifteen rabbits received expander procedure with Gore-Tex(R) in right eye and silicone retinal band in left eye. At postoperative 1, 3, 5, 7, 12 weeks, histopathologic examination was performed. There was no significant difference in inflammatory reaction in both groups. Inflammatory reaction decreased with time in both groups. In Gore-Tex(R) expander group, muscle regeneration from cut end was observed at the 3rd postoperative week and fibroblast ingrowth into the expander was observed at the 5th postoperative week. These findings were more prominent with time. Adhesion of expander to underlying sclera was not observed in both groups. It is concluded that expander procedure using Gore-Tex(R) will be a new and useful surgical method for the extraocular muscle weakening procedure.
Fibroblasts ; Paresis ; Rabbits ; Regeneration ; Reoperation ; Retinaldehyde ; Sclera ; Silicones

IgA nephropathy can occur rarely as a complication of D-penicillamine treatment, but it is exact pathogenesis remains unclear. If a patients has gross or microscopic hematuria during D-penicillamine treatment, D-penicillamine induced IgA nephropathy should be suspected as a cause of hematuria. In those cases, renal biopsy should be taken for diagnosis and proper management. We experienced a case of IgA nephropathy confirmed by renal biopsy in a 39-years-old female patient with scleroderma during D-penicillamine therapy and report this case with a review of literature.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA* ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A* ; Penicillamine*

No abstract available.
Down Syndrome*

Chromomycosis is a chronic mycosis of the skin and subcutaneous tissue characterized by a brown, thick-walled, round, nonbudding form of causative fungi in the tissue. We report a case of chromomycosis caused by Fonsecaea pedrosoi in a 56-year-old Korean woman who showed 3 x 4cm sized deep ulcerations on the dorsa of both hands. Histopathologically, chronic granulomatous inflammation and sclerotic cells were observed. Fonsecaea pedrosoi was grown into typical black colonies in fungus culture. She was treated with pedicle flap graft followed by oral itraconazole, and showed clinical improvement.
Chromoblastomycosis* ; Female ; Fungi ; Hand* ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Itraconazole ; Middle Aged ; Skin ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Transplants ; Ulcer*

Collagenous colitis is an uncommon condition charaeterized clinically by diarrhea and weight loss and histologically by thickening of the subepithelial collagen band with chromic inflammation. Laboratory tests of blood, urine and stool, and colonscopic findings are usually normal. The etiology of collagenous colitis is unknown. We report a case of collagenous colitis improved after treatment with sulfasalazine with review of literatures.
Colitis, Collagenous* ; Collagen* ; Diarrhea ; Inflammation ; Sulfasalazine ; Weight Loss

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to provide the information of the stigmas of mental illness such as psychosis, alcoholism, attempt suicide, and depression among North Korean defectors. METHODS: We examined stigma for the mental illnesses of 639 North Korean defectors aged 19 to 65 years who live in the Settlement Support Center for North Korean Refugees. The stigmas of mental illnesses were assessed using the Perceived Devaluation-Discrimination Scale We directly compared the stigma level between North Korean defectors and the general population of South Korea. RESULTS: North Korean defectors had higher perceived stigmas of psychosis and alcoholism and lower perceived stigmas of depression than South Koreans. Perceived stigma associated with attempted suicide was similar for North Korean defectors and South Koreans. Only marital status in sociodemographic variables had associations with higher perceived stigma of psychosis, alcoholism, and depression in the North Korean defectors. North Korean defectors, who spent more than one year in transit country, had associations with lower perceived stigma of psychosis and alcoholism. North Korean defectors, who had the experience of compulsory repatriation to North Korea or North Korean family in South Korea, had an association with higher perceived stigma of depression. CONCLUSION: North Korean defectors had higher perceived stigmas of psychosis and alcoholism and lower perceived stigmas of depression than South Koreans. Further studies are needed to document serial changes in stigmas for mental illnesses associated with the receipt of education at the Settlement Support Center for North Korean defectors.
Alcoholism ; Democratic People's Republic of Korea ; Depression ; Education ; Humans ; Korea ; Marital Status ; Psychotic Disorders ; Refugees ; Suicide ; Suicide, Attempted

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder commonly affecting young adults. Diagnosis is confirmed by evidence of non-caseating granuloma in more than one organ. A case is presented where the diagnosis was made on a bone marrow biopsy, the first case in Korea. A 54-year-housewife was admitted because of multiple variable sized, skin papules and macules, who showed pancytopenia and evidence of liver cirrhosis on ultrasound. We performed skin biopsy and bone marrow biopsy, which showed non-caseating granulomas. The chest CT, opthalmologic examination was performed and showed the involvement of sarcoidosis of mediastinal lymph nodes and uvea. Multiple joints of both hands and feet also seemed to be involved in view of simple X-ray. By this case, we emphasize the significance of bone marrow biopsy in the sarcoidosis with pancytopenia.
Biopsy ; Bone Marrow* ; Diagnosis ; Foot ; Granuloma ; Hand ; Humans ; Joints* ; Korea ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver* ; Lymph Nodes ; Pancytopenia ; Sarcoidosis* ; Skin* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography ; Uvea* ; Young Adult