Retear patterns after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair are classified into two patterns according to retear location. Type 1 is when the retear pattern occurs directly on the tendon at the bone repair site using the suture anchor repair method. Type 2 is when the retear pattern occurs at the musculocutaneous junction with a healed footprint in patients who undergo the suture bridge method. Here, the authors report another retear pattern, which was identified as a type 2 retear on magnetic resonance imaging in patients who had undergone arthroscopic rotator cuff repair by the suture-bridge technique. This pattern was different from the type 2 retear and occurred at the portion of the cuff away from the healed rotator cuff under the view of the arthroscope.
Arthroscopes ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Methods ; Rotator Cuff* ; Suture Anchors ; Sutures ; Tendons

Reiter`s disease can no longer be considerded a rare and relatively benign syndrome, defined by the clinical triad of urethritis, conjunctivitis and arthritis. In the etiology of Reiter`s disease, it can be regarded as a post-infectious syndrome after certain enteric disease or veneral infection and usually occurs in patients between 20 and 40 years old, with a male to female ratio of 10:1 in dysenteric cases and 50:1 in veneral cases. The diagnosis of Reiter`s disease should quite obious when the clinical manifestation of non specific urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis and mucocutaneous lesions. Recently, HLA-B27 antigen is strogly associated with Reiter`s syndrome and may be diagnosticlly useful when HLA-B27 is positive. There is no specific therapy for Reiter`s disease, but conservative treatement is aviable of acute stage oir recurrence of the disease. We have experienced a case of Reiter`s syndrome in 27 years old male and reproted with review of some literatures.
Adult ; Arthritis ; Conjunctivitis ; Diagnosis ; Female ; HLA-B27 Antigen ; Humans ; Male ; Recurrence ; Urethritis

Many agents such as analgesics and sedatives have been used to decrease pain, anxiety and awareness during anesthesia. The effects of midazolam and propofol on cardiopulmonary functions and sedation were evaluated in a clinical study during spinal anesthesia. Thirty adult patients were received either midazolam 0.05mg/kg IV or propofol 1.25mg/kg IV after spinal anesthesia. Minute volume, arterial oxygen saturation, blood pressure, and heart rate were checked before and 20min after spinal anesthesia, as well as 2 min, 5 min, 10 min, 30 min, 60 min after each drug administration. The results were as follows ; 1) Minute volume and SaO2 were decreased from 2 min to 10 min in each group. 2) Mean arterial pressure was decreased from 2 min to 60 min in each group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. Heart rate was increased at 2 min in propofol group 3) Recovery time from sedation was faster in the propofol group than the midazolam group. From the above results, we have concluded that midazolam and propofol have some effects on cardiopulmonary function and many advantages if used carefully during spinal anesthesia.
Adult ; Analgesics ; Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Anxiety ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Intraoperative Awareness ; Midazolam* ; Oxygen ; Propofol*

Congenital lobar emphysema has the clinical features of an air block' syndrome with- out the evidence of pulmonary infection or intrabronchial foreign body. The hyperinflated lung causes a compression of uninvolved lobes creating respiratory distress, cyanosis within the first weeks of life. We experienced a case of congenital lobar emphysema diagnosed incidentally by chest reontgenogram in an infant with frequent upper respiratory infection within a few weeks of life. Chest X-ray revealed extensive emphysematous changes in the left upper lobe, shifting of heart and medistinum to the right and compression of the right lung. Respiratory distress, cyanosis and chest wall retraction ensued and left upper lobe Lobectomy was performed successfully.
Cyanosis ; Emphysema* ; Foreign Bodies ; Heart ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung ; Thoracic Wall ; Thorax

Background and Objectives: Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A) are effective for the treatment of pediatric sleep disorder breathing. However, in some pediatric patients, there remain unresolved snoring and mouth breathing problems after the operation. This study is aimed at evaluating the efficacy of coblation of hypertrophic posterior turbinate in combination with tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.Subjects and Method We analyzed data from 50 children aged between 5 to 13 years old who were scheduled to undergo T&A operation from June 2018 to December in 2018. We randomly divided them into two groups. The first group consisted of 25 patients who were scheduled to perform only tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. The second group was 21 patients who were scheduled to perform posterior turbinoplasty in combination with tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. We evaluated preoperative and postoperative polysomnogram [Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), O2 saturation], acoustic rhinometry (minimal cross section area, nasal volume), and Korean Obstructive Sleep Apnea-18 Survey (KOSA-18) score. Results: After additional turbinoplasty (coblation of hypertrophic posterior turbinate), the rate of snoring and mouth breathing remaining was decreased. There were significant improvements in AHI, oxygen saturation, Visual Analog Scale and Epworth Sleepiness Scale in two groups. Symptoms (snoring and mouth breath) remaining postoperatively was much more decreased in the posterior turbinoplasty combined with T&A group than in the single T&A group in terms of KOSA-18. Conclusion When it comes to pediatric sleep disorder breathing surgery, nasal cavity evaluation is an important factor for patient’s postoperative satisfaction for sleeping and snoring. For pediatric sleep disorder breathing patients with hypertrophic posterior turbinate, who are scheduled to do tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy, an additional coblation of posterior turbinate should be considered.

Hemangiopericytoma of the kidney is rare. It seems to be slowly progressive and grows locally with 5cm consistency and well encapsulation, and may infiltrate surrounding tissue but the incidence and degree of its malignancy appears to be low. Herein we report a case of malignant renal hemangiopericytoma associated with asymptomatic hypoglycemia and presenting radiologically as a hypovascular mass which was developed from the left kidney in 32 years old sea man who was treated with radical nephrectomy and chemotherapy.
Adult ; Drug Therapy ; Hemangiopericytoma* ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Nephrectomy

Sparganum mansoni is an animal parasite infesting principally in cats and dogs, but sometimes it also infests human bodies. We have experienced a case of sparganosis in scrotum. Herein we report this case with a brief review of the literatures.
Animals ; Cats ; Dogs ; Human Body ; Parasites ; Scrotum* ; Sparganosis* ; Sparganum

Nesidioblastosis is characterized by a diffuse proliferation of islet cells arising from pancreatic ducts and is the most common cause of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in newborns and infantile. It is exceedingly rare in adults and no concensus regarding its diagnosis and management is available. We herein describe an elderly man with fasting hypoglycemia, inappropriate insulin hypersecretion. And pathologic examination of his pancreas revealed the characteristic finding of nesidioblastosis confirmed by immunohistochemical stain.
Adult ; Aged* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia* ; Infant, Newborn ; Insulin ; Islets of Langerhans ; Nesidioblastosis* ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Ducts

Collagenous colitis is an uncommon condition charaeterized clinically by diarrhea and weight loss and histologically by thickening of the subepithelial collagen band with chromic inflammation. Laboratory tests of blood, urine and stool, and colonscopic findings are usually normal. The etiology of collagenous colitis is unknown. We report a case of collagenous colitis improved after treatment with sulfasalazine with review of literatures.
Colitis, Collagenous* ; Collagen* ; Diarrhea ; Inflammation ; Sulfasalazine ; Weight Loss

BACKGROUND: The relaxative response of blood vessels to acetylcholine (ACh) is known to be abnormal in diabetic rat due to changes in endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) and/or endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-mediated action. Oxygen free radical (OFR) interferes with endothelium dependent relaxation to ACh in diabetic rats; this effect rnay be prevented by superoxide dismutase (SOD), OFR scavenger. Then, we determined the effect of SOD on modulation of OFR-induced damage to EDRF and EDHF-mediated relaxations to ACh in diabetic rat aortas. METHODS: After aortas were incubated with free radical generating system for 15 min with or without SOD pretreatment (150 U/mL) and contracted submaximally by norepinephrine (10 (-5) M), relaxative responses to cumulative concentrations (10 (-9) M to 10 (-5) M) of ACh were measured in aortas isolated from the control and 6-8 week streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. We measured relaxative responses to ACh in these aortas treated with calmidazolium (100uM) or N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (luM) after exposure to OFR with/without SOD pretreatment, RESULTS: The ACh-induced relaxation (10 (-9)M to 10 (-5) M) was significantly decreased in diabetic than in control rat aortas (p<0.05). ACh-induced relaxation in diabetic rat aortas was significantly impaired from 79.3% to 71.2% after exposure to OFR (p<0.05), and the degree of ACh-induced relaxation was recovered from 71.2% to 84.0% after pretreatment with SOD (p<0.05). EDRF-mediated relaxation to ACh in diabetic rat aortas was significantly impaired from 71.2% to 61.6% after exposure to OFR (p<0.05), and the degree of impairment of ACh-induced EDRF-mediated relaxation was recovered from 61.6% to 76.0% after pretreatment with SOD. After exposure to OFR, EDHF-mediated relaxation to ACh in diabetic rat aortas was not significanlty impaired. However, the degree of impairment of EDHF-mediated relaxation to ACh was recovered from 46.0% to 59.5% after pretreatment with SOD. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that OFR may impair mainly EDRF-mediated relaxation to ACh and SOD may protect rnainly OFR-induced damage to EDRF-mediated relaxation to ACh in diabetic rat aortas.
Acetylcholine ; Animals ; Aorta* ; Blood Vessels ; Endothelium ; Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors ; Free Radicals* ; Norepinephrine ; Oxygen* ; Rats* ; Relaxation* ; Superoxide Dismutase* ; Superoxides*