No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Osteoma, Osteoid* ; Tetracycline*

No abstract available.
Anesthesia, Local* ; Arthroscopy* ; Knee*

Translational initiation is regulated in response to nutrient availabilty and growth stimuli and is coupled with cell cycle progression and cell growth. There is now growing body of evidence which suggests links between translational regulation and the disruption of cell behavior that results in the development and progression of cancer. mRNA translation can be overactivated in breast cancer through eIF4E overexpression or abnormal activation of signal transduction pathways. Among them, rapamycin-sensitive signal transduction pathway (mTOR signaling pathway) is now being studied as a novel target for cancer therapy. In this article, the basic principles of translational control, the alterations encountered in cancer and selected therapy targeting mTOR signaling pathway are reviewed and the preclinical study regarding the determinants of rapamycin sensitivity in breast cancer is presented in order to help elucidate new avenues for breast cancer therapy.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Cell Cycle ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Signal Transduction ; Sirolimus

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies of lethal potential for women in the developed world. Over the past two decades, we have witnessed dramatic advances in the treatment of breast cancer. The golden age of adjuvant systemic therapy for breast cancer began in early 1970s. The early results of the intial clinical trials raised both hopes and innumerable controversies. More importantly, they stimulated many physicians to set up further prospective trials to confirm or rule out the validity of different hypotheses. The initial adjuvant therapy trials used chemotherapy to treat women with lympy node positive cancer. These trials clearly demonstrated a disease-free and overall survival benefit for women receiving combination chemotherapy in the adjuvant setting. These benefits were subsequently extended to women with lymph node negative disease and to women with steroid receptor positive breast cancer. More than 100 randomized clinical trials of breast cancer adjuvant therapy have now been completed. Many of these studies have had more than 20 years of patients follow-up, and firm conclusion can be drawn about the value of treatment in different patients subsets. Although many questions remain to be answered regarding the dose intensity of chemotherapy, the appropriate sequencing of chemotherapy agents, and the use of novel chemotherapy agents such as taxanes, sufficient information is available to conclude that appropriately adminstered adjuvant treatment does improve survival of patients with early-stage disease.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant* ; Drug Therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hope ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Prospective Studies ; Receptors, Steroid ; Taxoids

The alterations in the localization of keratinocyte membrane glycoconjugates in allergic contact dermatitis were investigated in guinea pig skin treated with topical application of 2.4-dinitro-chlorobenzene. We employed the avidin-biotin complex(ABC) method for the detection of localization of 10 commercially available lectins labelled with biotin: Con-A, SBA, WGA, DBA, UEA-1, RCA-1, PNA, HP, MPA, and ECA. Staining with WGA showed a remarkably decreased intensity in basal and spinous layers of the allergic skin in comparison to those of the control skin, suggesting loss of terminal sialic acids in cell membrane glycoconjugates. The other lectins showed no remarkable difference in the staining patterns between the normal and the allergic ski. The results suggest that epidermal cell membrane glycoconjugates undergoes selective perturbations in acute allergic contact dermatitis, and that the keratinocytes might be an active part of the cutaneous immune system.

No abstract available.
Intervertebral Disc* ; Prevalence* ; Spine*

The objective of this study were to evaluate a correlation between airborne benzene concentrations and urinary muconic acid and to evaluate that between airborne benzene concentrations and urinary phenol concentrations. The high performance chromatographic method was used to measure the muconic acid concentrations in urine samples collected from 69 workers exposed to benzene and 155 non-exposed workers. The time weighted average benzene concentrations in breathing zone of workers were also determined. The physical examination and blood counts (hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell, and white blood cell) were made for both workers exposed to benzene and control group. The results are as follows; 1. The geometric mean of airborne benzene concentrations for all workers was 2.0ppm (0.1-56.9ppm). The mean airborne benzene concentration of workers in adhesive tape manufacturing industry was 12.2ppm (8.3-56.9ppm), which was the highest by type of industry. 2. The geometric mean concentration of muconic acid in urine from male workers exposed to benzene was 3.9 mg/l (0.8-40.8 mg/l), which was significantly higher than that of non-exposed workers. The highest muconic acid concentration was indicated in the workers at the adhesive tape manufacturing industry. 3. There was a significant difference between the mean concentration of muconic acid of workers exposed to airborne benzene concentration of 5-10 pm and that of workers exposed to concentrations below 5 ppm. The urinary muconic acid concentration were correlated with airborne benzene concentration for workers (r=0.85). However there was no significant correlation between urinary phenol concentrations and airborne benzene concentrations. 4. The correlation coefficients between the urinary muconic acid concentration and airborne benzene concentration, urinary phenol concentration, exposure dose(airborne benzene concentration x work duration) and white blood cell were 0.85, 0.74, 0.63 and -0.33, respectively.
Adhesives ; Benzene* ; Environmental Monitoring* ; Erythrocytes ; Hematocrit ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; Male ; Phenol ; Physical Examination ; Respiration

A choledochal cyst, also referred to as cystic dilatation of bile duct, is a relatively rare lesion. Moreover, carcinoma arising from such a choledochal cyst has rarely been reported on. The incidence of carcinoma in choledochal cyst is much higher than that seen for the normal population. The mechanism of carcinogenesis in choledochal cyst is not clear, although reflux of pancreatic juice and stasis of the bile appears to be important factors. To our knowledge, there is no literature reporting on a case of choledochal cyst combined with a hilar cholangiocarcinoma. We report here on a case of choledochal cyst combined with a hilar cholangiocarcinoma in 46-year-old male patient.
Bile ; Bile Ducts ; Carcinogenesis ; Cholangiocarcinoma* ; Choledochal Cyst* ; Dilatation ; Humans ; Incidence ; Klatskin's Tumor ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatic Juice

No abstract available.
Hand*