62 patients with opiod poisoning involved our study were treated by naloxon and respiratory supportive therapies as united protocol. Because of aggressive using naloxon, the ratio of patients requiring intubations and mechanical ventilation was significantly decreased, 29% and 17.7% respectively. The manifestation of opiod overdose were rapidly improved and almost of the patients (95.5%) were treated successfully. The side effects of naxolon were minor. We observed only 2 cases having vomiting after Iv injection of naloxon. Ambuballon bagging with 100% oxygen was mainly respiratory supportive therapy. The mechanical ventilation indicated for the patients suffering from life-threatening respiratory failure. Heroin-induced pulmonary edema accounted for 82% of these cases. PEEP was used in 7 patients. The mean of PEEP levels was 5.31.3 cmH2O. Our protocol was success in 95.5%.
Poisoning ; Naloxone ; therapeutics

Introduction: Opioid dependence is recorded as the most common drug of abuse in Malaysia. Currently, the preferred substitution therapy for most Government treatment centres is methadone used as substitution therapy for opioid dependence. There are, however patients who may benefit from being on the combined buprenorphine-naloxone formulation as substitution therapy instead. We discuss six cases of opioid dependence of varied backgrounds that were treated with buprenorphinenaloxone therapy and their outcomes. Discussion: All of the reported patients improved after the induction of buprenorphine- naloxone. Two of the cases highlighted the transfer of patients on methadone to buprenorphine-naloxone due to the adverse effect and interactions of methadone with other medications. During the transfer there were no major adverse reactions noted, and patients were safely able to continue with the maintenance therapy of buprenorphine- naloxone. Conclusion: Buprenorphine-naloxone is a safe and effective drug substitution therapy for opioid dependence. It has fewer interactions with other medications, and has similar efficacy to methadone. Being a partial agonist, it has a less sedating effect making patients more functional.
Buprenorphine, Naloxone Drug Combination

No abstract available.
Animals ; Meperidine* ; Mice* ; Morphine* ; Naloxone*

No abstract available.
Colon* ; Humans* ; Morphine* ; Naloxone* ; Perfusion*

No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Humans ; Naloxone* ; Self-Injurious Behavior*

Calcitonin is a peptide hormone involved primarily in the regulation of calcium homeostasis. However,clinical observations have shown that calcitonin does in fact possess an analgesic effect in a variety of painful disorders. So I studied the analgesic effect of intracerebroventricularly(i.c.v.) administered salmon calcitonin(s-CT) using the hot plate test and writhing test. The influence on the analgesia induced by morphine and naloxone reversibility was also studied. When s-CT was administered i.c.v., analgesia was observed in both tests,although it was greater in the writhing test than in the hot plate test. The analgesic effect of s-CT was partially but significantly reversed by naloxone. Thus, these results provide information about the antinociceptive effect of s-CT via interaction with both opiate and non-opiate mechanisms.
Analgesia* ; Calcitonin ; Calcium ; Homeostasis ; Morphine* ; Naloxone ; Salmon

No abstract available.
Analgesia* ; Animals ; Fenclonine* ; Mice* ; Naloxone* ; Swimming*

Opioid-induced rigidity is a potentially life-threatening complication that can occur after treatment with large doses of opioids, but with early recognition it can be treated effectively with naloxone or with muscle relaxants. Regarding its onset time, there have been few case reports that have described delayed manifestations of opioid-induced rigidity. The mechanism of this complication is not well understood. In this report we describe a case of incidental overdose injection of sufentanil and subsequently review the confusing clinical features that require immediate diffenrentiation and the possible mechanim of this complication.
Analgesics, Opioid ; Muscle Rigidity ; Muscles ; Naloxone ; Sufentanil

Naloxone, specific opiate antagonist, selectively elevates plasma dopamine level, with the dopamine changes significantly correlated with improved cardiovascular function and reduces the release of endorphin in the endorphin stress system. As the results, naloxone increases both, systemic blood pressure and regional blood flow, limiting secondary ischemic changes and improving neurological function in the C.N.S. lesion by the experimental studies. We have studied the clinical effects of naloxone on the 40 cases of C.N.S. lesions from April to October, 1983. We have discussed our results and reviewed literatures.
Blood Pressure ; Dopamine ; Endorphins ; Ischemia ; Naloxone* ; Plasma ; Regional Blood Flow

The effect of naloxone on blood flow was studied in cats subjected to 400 gm-cm contusion injuries of the thoracic spinal cord. Ten cats were treated with 10 mg/kg naloxone 45 to 60 minutes after injury. Ten cats were given 10 mL of saline instead of naloxone, and 10 cats were neither injured nor treated. Hydrogen clearance was used to measure blood flow in the lateral white column at the contusion site. Naloxone, given intravenously, significantly improved the blood flow rates in the lateral column white matter. At 2 hours after injury, the mean blood flow in the saline-treated cats fell to 6.01+/-0.90 mL/100 gm/min, whereas it increased 8.47+/-1.14 mL/100gm/min in naloxone-treated cats (p<0.05). The authors conclude that naloxone may be useful for spinal cord injury.
Animals ; Cats ; Contusions ; Hydrogen ; Naloxone* ; Spinal Cord Injuries* ; Spinal Cord*