Eosinophilic granuloma of bone is a self-limited condition, characteristically a disease of children and young adults. It is the most benign variant of histiocytosis X. It is most common in skull, but any bone may be affected. Vertebral involvement occurs in about 10 to 15%. This benign bone destructive lesion is characterized by the presence of Langerhans cells contain Birbeck granules, infilitration of histiocytes and eosinophilic leukocytes unknown origin. We report a eosinophilic granuloma in lumbar spine of old patient.
Child ; Eosinophilic Granuloma* ; Eosinophils* ; Histiocytes ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; Humans ; Langerhans Cells ; Leukocytes ; Skull ; Spine* ; Young Adult

Since the first clinical application of "the da Vinci system" in 2005 in Korea, robotic surgery, an emerging technology in minimally invasive surgery (MIS), has been rapidly adopted in a variety of surgical fields, and approximately 7,000 robotic surgeries have been performed annually in recent years. In past years, Korean surgeons have played a pivotal role in development of robotic surgery, particularly in the general surgery field. A major advantage of robotic surgery is to make a more precise procedure possible, especially in a confined area with magnified three-dimensional vision, enhanced dexterity by endowrist and stable camera control, and better ergonomics, thus adds the benefits of MIS, such as improvement of oncologic surgery quality and better functional preservation. For these reasons, it has been used prominently in prostate, thyroid, and rectal surgery. However, it is also true that several controversies such as less evidence for efficacy and cost-effectiveness, a longer operation time, and absence of haptic sensation have continued. In this article, we reviewed the current status of robotic surgery mainly based on a report from National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency (NECA) and discussed the future prospects on the basis of recent literature and our clinical experiences.
Delivery of Health Care ; Human Engineering ; Korea ; Prostate ; Sensation ; Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive ; Thyroid Gland

Electroretinograms (ERGs) were measured in 65 patients with diabetes and 10 control subjects. The single flash ERGs were recorded as a function of the stimulus intensity. A Naka-Rushton-type function was fit to b-wave amplitudes, measured as a function of stimulus intensity, to evaluate changes in ERG amplitude and sensitivity. We also measured the temporal aspects of the ERG b-waves. The ERG sensitivity tended to decrease as the retinopathy progressed. An average sensitivity loss in eyes with diabetic retinopathy was statistically significant. However, the eyes of diabetic patients without visible retinopathy did not show significant ERG sensitivity loss. There was less variability in temporal compared with amplitude measurements of ERG components, and significantly prolonged b-wave implicit times were found in all stages of retinopathy and in eyes of diabetic patients without retinopathy.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Diabetic Retinopathy/*physiopathology ; Electroretinography ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Retina/physiology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sensory Thresholds/physiology

This a case report of airway obstruction due to mucous plug which occurred. as a complication of endotracheal intubation. This 16-year old patient was performed on endotracheal intubation for cardio-pulmonary resuscitation of cardiac arrest due to traume. He was comatous, tachypneic and increased pulse rate at 6 hours after intubation, then we found the uneven ventilation of both lung fields. We exchanged endotracheal tube after failure of suction and found airway obstruction due to mucous plug. After exchange of tube, suction of secretion and trachecstomy was performed. 3 days afterward, the patient was recovered from his poor pulmonary function, then transferred to the ward.
Airway Obstruction* ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Heart Arrest ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal* ; Lung ; Suction ; Ventilation

The authors analyzed a total of 49 cases of general anesthesia for the removal of tracheo bronchial foreign bodies, from Jan. 1970 to Aug. 1980. The results were as follows; 1) Sex distribution was 36 males(73.5%) and 13 females(26.5%). 2) Age distribution was 14 cases under 1 year and also 14 of 1-3 year olds(total 57. 2%). 3) Anesthetic agents were halothane, 32 cases(65.3%), diethyl ether, 9 cases(18.4%) and others. 4) The kinds of foreign bodies were peanuts in 24 cases(49.0%) and the others were various. 5) The sites of foreign bodies were Rt. main bronchus 29 cases(59. 2%), Lt. main bronchus in 12 cases of(24.5%), trachea 7 cases(14.3%) and vocal-cord 1 case(2.0%). 6) Anesthetic duration was within 1 hour, 41 cases(83. 7%). 7) Complications during operation were tachycardia in 36 cases. 8) Postoperative pulmonary complications were pneumonia, 4 cases and 1 case each of pyothorax, atelectasis and death.
Age Distribution ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics ; Arachis ; Bronchi ; Empyema, Pleural ; Ether ; Foreign Bodies* ; Halothane ; Pneumonia ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Sex Distribution ; Tachycardia ; Trachea

PURPOSE: In spite of an extensive vaccination program, parvoviral infections still pose a major threat to the health of dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We isolated a novel canine parvovirus (CPV) strain from a dog with enteritis. Nucleotide and amino acid sequence analysis of the isolate showed that it is a novel type 2b CPV with asparagine at the 426th position and valine at the 555th position in VP2. To develop a vaccine against CPV infection, we passaged the isolate 4 times in A72 cells. RESULTS: The attenuated isolate conferred complete protection against lethal homologous CPV infection in dogs such that they did not develop any clinical symptoms, and their antibody titers against CPV were significantly high at 7-11 days post infection. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the virus isolate obtained after passaging can be developed as a novel vaccine against paroviral infection.
Animals ; Asparagine ; Dogs ; Enteritis ; Parvovirus, Canine ; Sequence Analysis, Protein ; Sprains and Strains ; Vaccination ; Vaccines ; Valine ; Viruses

A hospitalist-run acute medical unit (AMU) opened at a tertiary care hospital on August 2015 for the first time in Korea. Patients visiting the emergency department (ED) with acute medical problems are admitted to the AMU. They stay in that unit for less than 72 hours and are discharged or transferred to specialty wards if longer treatment is necessary. We reviewed 19,450 medical admissions through the ED from January 2014 to September 2016. The median length of stay (LOS) significantly decreased from 10.0 days (interquartile range [IQR], 5.5–16.7) to 9.1 days (IQR, 5.1–15.0) (P < 0.001) after the establishment of the AMU. The median waiting time in the ED significantly shortened by 40% (P < 0.001). Future studies on the impact of AMU on in-patient morbidity, mortality, re-admission rate, and patient or staff satisfaction are necessary.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Hospital Medicine ; Hospitalists ; Humans ; Korea ; Length of Stay* ; Mortality ; Tertiary Healthcare*

PURPOSE: The efficacy of stenting for the right-side colonic malignant obstruction is unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of self-expandable metallic stent insertion for the right-side colonic malignant obstruction and its clinical benefits. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed clinical data from 460 patients who underwent right hemicolectomy for right-side colon cancer from January 2006 to January 2014 at Korea University Anam Hospital. Twenty four patients who developed malignant obstruction in the right -side colon were identified and analyzed. RESULTS: Self-expandable metallic stent insertion was attempted in 14 patients, and initial technical success was achieved in 13 patients (92.9%). No immediate stent-related complications were reported. Complete relief of obstruction was achieved in all of the 13 patients. Eleven patients who failed stenting underwent emergency operation. All of the 13 patients with stent underwent laparoscopic surgery and only one case was converted to open. Only three patients in the emergency group underwent laparoscopic surgery but one was converted. Operative time and number of retrieved lymph nodes did not differ between the two groups. Postoperative hospital stay (9.8+/-3.2 in stent group vs. 16.3+/-10.9 days in emergency group, p=0.082) tended to be shorter in the stent group. Estimated blood loss (38.5+/-138.7 in stent group vs. 381.8+/-411.9 in emergency group, p=0.010) and duration for resuming diet (3.2+/-2.2 in stent group vs. 6.6+/-7.0 days in emergency group, p=0.017) were significantly better in the stent group. CONCLUSION: Self-expandable metallic stent appears to be safe and feasible in the right-side colonic malignant obstruction. It facilitates minimally invasive surgery and may result in better short-term surgical outcome.
Colon* ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Diet ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Korea ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Lymph Nodes ; Operative Time ; Retrospective Studies ; Stents* ; Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive

Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare chronic cutaneous disease with distinctive clinical characteristics. A painful nodule or pustule breaks down to form a progressively enlarging ulcer. The diagnosis is confirmed by exclusion of other diseases that may cause cutaneous ulcers. Associated conditions are common. The most common associated conditions are inflammatory bowel diseases, arthritis, hematologic disorders. Pyoderma gangrenosum develops in approximately 3~5% of patients with ulcerative colitis and 1% of patients with Crohn's disease. Until now, only one case of pyoderma gangrenosum associated with Crohn's disease has been reported in Korea. Recently, we experienced a case of pyoderma gangrenosum developed in a patient with Crohn's disease.
Arthritis ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; Crohn Disease* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Korea ; Pyoderma Gangrenosum* ; Pyoderma* ; Ulcer

A precise estimation of prostate volume with transrectal ultrasound would help to determine the appropriate therapy. To determine the most accurate means of volume estimation 39 patients underwent transrectal ultrasound with 14 separate methods of volume estimation. All patients underwent subsequent suprapubic prostatectomy. Prostate specimen weights were compared with the results of each volume estimation method. The most accurate method to estimate prostate weight (r = 0.94) was the ellipsoid volume formula, widely used as an alternative to planimetry, which overestimated the weight of the prostate in 33 of 39 cases (84.5%) with an average error of 7.5 gm. (13.6%). A large portion of the error in the application of this ellipsoid volume formula was the inclusion of transverse dimension.
Humans ; Hyperplasia* ; Prostate* ; Prostatectomy ; Ultrasonography* ; Weights and Measures